surveying iii (topographic and geodetic surveys) - Modern Prepper

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A field recording booklet. A single-sheet recording form. A digital disk or device for automated data recording. A land survey plan. A property plan. Recovery and station description cards. A control diagram showing the relative location, method, and type of control established orrecoveredb. Record field notes using the three general forms--tabulation, sketching, and description.(1) Tabulation. Numerical data is recorded in columns following a prescribed format, dependingon the type of operation, the instrument used, and the specifications for the type of survey.(2) Sketching. Sketches add much to the clarity of field notes and should be used liberally. Theymay be drawn to scale (as in plane table surveys) or they can be drawn to an approximate scale (as incontrol cards). If needed, use an exaggerated scale to show detail. Measurements should be addeddirectly on the sketch or keyed in such a way as to avoid confusion.(3) Description. Tabulations with or without sketches can also be supplemented with narrativedescriptions. The description may consist of a few words or it may be very detailed. Survey notesbecome a part of historic records, so a brief description entered at the time of the survey may beimportant and helpful in the future.c. Ensure that the following qualities are applied to the completed field notes: The lettering conforms to the gothic style portrayed in FM 5-553. All entries should beformatted according to unit SOPs. There is only one possible interpretation of an entry. Decimal points and commas must beclear and distinct. Entries are complete and all resolved data is finished according to the unit's SOP. All entriesshould be recorded on the correct forms. Never record notes on scrap paper and transcribethem to a field recording form. If performing an underground survey, use a coveredclipboard to protect the notes. Accurately describe the field experience. Sketches, diagrams,and notes help to reduce or eliminate questions.EN0593 2-12
Loose-leaf sheets are numbered serially to ensure that all sheets are kept and turned in. The instructions for return of the notes or cassette tapes are clearly marked and any specialhandlingrequirements are noted. An index of the field notes and a cross-reference toadditional books or binders should also be shown. Party personnel and their duties and the project's beginning and ending dates are listed. Instruments used (including types, serial numbers, calibration dates, constant values, anddates used) are listed. A generalized sketch and description of the project are shown. The actual survey notes are shown on each page containing data. The completed heading, to include the station names (including the establishing agency anddate), survey date, weather data, actual observed data, and any pertinent notes are listed. The observer's initials are marked in the bottom right corner of the recording form (indicatingthat the observer has checked all entries for correctness).d. Standard abbreviations, signs, and symbols should be used in all survey notes and must beconsistent with guidelines in such publications as AR 310-50 and FMs 21-31 and 101-5-1. Spell outwords if there is any doubt about the meaning or interpretation of a symbol or abbreviation.e. Field notes are considered legal documents and can be used in court proceedings. As such, noerasures or write overs are permitted. No position should be voided or rejected in the field, except incases where the instrument or target was disturbed or the wrong target was observed. In either case, theposition should be reobserved and the location of the reobserved data should be noted in the remarkssection.(1) All fieldwork should be done in black or blue-black ink (with no erasures) suitable forphotocopying. The only exception is the field sheet of a plane-table survey.(2) Field notes show what happened in the field. If a number is changed, make a single slantedline through the incorrect number, and insert the correct number directly above or next to the correctedvalue, creating the new entry. The person making the change should initial the changed entry. A noteshould be entered in the remarks column stating why the number was changed.2-13 EN0593
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SUBCOURSEEN0593EDITIONAUNITED STATE
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TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:ACTION:
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Part G: Adjusting Precise-Positioni
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PART A - FIGURES OF THE EARTH1-1. T
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Figure 1-2. Flattening Fractiona. T
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1-3. Geoid. In geodesy, precise com
Page 15 and 16: point in the survey to provide the
Page 18 and 19: one side of a triangle and all of t
Page 20 and 21: Figure 1-10. Simple Triangulation N
Page 22 and 23: observation, contains a light sourc
Page 24 and 25: of a horizontal rod with a small sp
Page 26 and 27: The Airy theory, announced by G. B.
Page 28 and 29: Figure 1-15. Products of the Gravim
Page 30 and 31: a. If the shape of the earth was ex
Page 32 and 33: Figure 1-16. Single Astronomic Stat
Page 34 and 35: Figure 1-17. Astro-Geodetic Deflect
Page 36 and 37: Figure 1-19. Astro-Geodetic Datum O
Page 38 and 39: (c) The significance of a gravity-o
Page 40 and 41: absolute deflections of the vertica
Page 42 and 43: Figure 1-23. Preferred Datumsa. The
Page 44 and 45: 1-17. The World Geodetic System. Be
Page 46 and 47: Figure 1-25. Using the Same Referen
Page 48 and 49: LESSON 1PRACTICE EXERCISEThe follow
Page 50 and 51: 12. Which of the following is assum
Page 52 and 53: LESSON 1PRACTICE EXERCISEANSWER KEY
Page 54 and 55: THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLA
Page 56 and 57: for all military and civilian activ
Page 58 and 59: i. Additional support for other top
Page 60 and 61: 2-7. Status. At present, topographi
Page 62 and 63: in both. (North American Datum of 1
Page 64 and 65: water can impede leveling operation
Page 68 and 69: PART I - OFFICE WORK2-24. General.
Page 70 and 71: PART J - SURVEY COMMUNICATION2-28.
Page 72 and 73: length or side is known, and all th
Page 74 and 75: second-order, Class I net. The leng
Page 76 and 77: The number of observations required
Page 78 and 79: to perform the reconnaissance. Fail
Page 80 and 81: and cultivated, or fields may have
Page 82 and 83: e an alphanumeric symbol that is st
Page 84 and 85: 2-53. Intervisibility of Stations.
Page 86 and 87: station is (K/2) 2 x 0.0676, or one
Page 88 and 89: Figure 2-8. Similar Triangles Solut
Page 90 and 91: 2-54. Height of Obstructions. It is
Page 92 and 93: authorized to change the name, it s
Page 94 and 95: Figure 2-12. Cells Connected in Par
Page 96 and 97: added as the cells weaken. Three un
Page 98 and 99: Figure 2-16. Construction Details f
Page 100 and 101: 2-60. Wooden Towers. When it become
Page 102 and 103: LESSON 2PRACTICE EXERCISEThe follow
Page 104 and 105: 11. The face of the 5-inch signal l
Page 106 and 107: LESSON 2PRACTICE EXERCISEANSWER KEY
Page 108 and 109: average line in a triangulation sys
Page 110 and 111: 3-4. Slope Measurements. The slope
Page 112 and 113: strip as close as possible to its f
Page 114 and 115: . Sight along the tops of both of t
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Column 1. Record the station number
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stake to steady it. With the back o
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Figure 3-3. DA Form 4446 (Sample of
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micrometer in this optical system i
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laterally across the front of the e
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Figure 3-7. Horizontal Circle and M
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out of adjustment. If the index mar
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(1) In order to avoid instrumental
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location of the vertical circle on
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Figure 3-13. Open Traversec. Closed
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designate the exact point of refere
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example, a line with an azimuth of
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When adjusting a traverse that star
Page 142 and 143:
LESSON 3PRACTICE EXERCISEThe follow
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11. The unit of graduation on a hor
Page 146 and 147:
LESSON 3PRACTICE EXERCISEANSWER KEY
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THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLA
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differential leveling. The theodoli
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additional runs are made due to exc
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Figure 4-2. Wild N-3 Precision Leve
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(8) Loosen the azimuth clamp (13),
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4.7. Miscellaneous Equipment. In ad
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(2) To check for gross errors in th
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(a) (1) Begin by completing the inf
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Set up and level the instrument. Re
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Figure 4-8. Sun and Wind Code(5) Th
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(10) Enter the interval between the
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Figure 4-9. Closed-Circuit River Cr
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Figure 4-11. Sample DA Form 5820 (R
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is 0. When the telescope is pointed
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stations. However, since all statio
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a. Complete the heading, as shown.b
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a. (1) Enter the date, as in the sa
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11. The maximum length of site to o
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PART A - GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
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5-7. Pseudorange. A pseudorange is
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5-15. Number of Pseudorange Observa
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i. Probable Error Measures. The acc
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Table 5-1. Representative GPS Error
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Table 5-2. Carrier Phase Trackinga.
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exercise extreme caution in applyin
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not be designed or performed to ach
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Table 5-3. GPS-S Design, Geometry,
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f. Multiple/Repeat Baseline Connect
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possible ionospheric and tropospher
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Figures 5-4. PDOP Versus Time PlotP
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e. Field Processing and Verificatio
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All carrier phase relative-surveyin
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time spent and the cost of conducti
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movement between occupation sites,
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5-37. General. GPS baseline solutio
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(1) Receiver Time. This technique u
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NOTE: Repeated baselines should be
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5-43. Loop Closure Checks. Postproc
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necessary to determine approximate
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This will ensure that future work w
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may (and usually does) far exceed t
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important in evaluating the overall
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i. Relative GPS baseline standard e
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12. When the networking method is s
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THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLA
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FAR-77 obstructions. Aircraft-movem
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Figure 6-1. Imaginary SurfacesEN059
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Figure 6-3. Approach Surfacesa. Fed
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. Federal Aviation Regulation-77, S
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Table 6-4. Airport Obstruction Accu
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A horizontal scale of 1:12,000 and
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Figure 6-4. Sample DA Form 5821 (Ai
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Figure 6-5. Sample DA Form 5822 (PA
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