surveying iii (topographic and geodetic surveys) - Modern Prepper

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Part G: Adjusting Precise-Positioning Surveys............................................................................... 5-41Practice Exercise...............................................................................................................................5-52Answer Key and Feedback............................................................................................................... 5-56Lesson 6: Airfield Obstruction and Navigational-Aid Surveys...............................................................6-1Part A: Federal Aviation Administration and Federal Aviation Regulation Standards.....................6-2Part B: Airfield Data Accuracy Requirements...................................................................................6-8Part C: Reporting.............................................................................................................................6-10Practice Exercise...............................................................................................................................6-18Answer Key and Feedback............................................................................................................... 6-20Examination............................................................................................................................................. E-1Appendix A: List of Common Acronyms...............................................................................................A-1Appendix B: Recommended Reading List..............................................................................................B-1Appendix C: Specifications.................................................................................................................... C-1Appendix D: Metric Conversation Chart................................................................................................D-1vEN0593
LESSON 1GEODESY FOR THE LAYMANOVERVIEWLESSON DESCRIPTION:In this lesson, you will learn to identify the different datums and ellipsoids that encompass the earth.TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:ACTION:CONDITION:STANDARD:You will learn to identify the different datums and ellipsoids.You will be given the material contained in this lesson.You will correctly answer all practice questions following this exercise.REFERENCES: The material contained in this lesson was derived from FM 3-34.331.INTRODUCTIONWhen Eratosthenes made his meridional arc measurement some twenty-two hundred years ago, the basicfoundation for modern geodesy was established. Through the years, refinements have been made,necessary values of precision and accuracy have been determined, and a scientific attitude has evolvedabout solving the problem of size and shape. Geodesy is defined as the science of precise positioning ofpoints on the earth's surface and the determination of the earth's exact size and shape. It also involvesstudying variations in the earth's gravity and how these variations apply to precise measurements of theearth. The geodesist's role is to put things on the surface of the earth in their exact places. In this lesson,you will learn how to perform this task.1-1 EN0593
Page 1 and 2: SUBCOURSEEN0593EDITIONAUNITED STATE
Page 3 and 4: TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE:ACTION:
Page 8 and 9: PART A - FIGURES OF THE EARTH1-1. T
Page 10 and 11: Figure 1-2. Flattening Fractiona. T
Page 12 and 13: 1-3. Geoid. In geodesy, precise com
Page 15 and 16: point in the survey to provide the
Page 18 and 19: one side of a triangle and all of t
Page 20 and 21: Figure 1-10. Simple Triangulation N
Page 22 and 23: observation, contains a light sourc
Page 24 and 25: of a horizontal rod with a small sp
Page 26 and 27: The Airy theory, announced by G. B.
Page 28 and 29: Figure 1-15. Products of the Gravim
Page 30 and 31: a. If the shape of the earth was ex
Page 32 and 33: Figure 1-16. Single Astronomic Stat
Page 34 and 35: Figure 1-17. Astro-Geodetic Deflect
Page 36 and 37: Figure 1-19. Astro-Geodetic Datum O
Page 38 and 39: (c) The significance of a gravity-o
Page 40 and 41: absolute deflections of the vertica
Page 42 and 43: Figure 1-23. Preferred Datumsa. The
Page 44 and 45: 1-17. The World Geodetic System. Be
Page 46 and 47: Figure 1-25. Using the Same Referen
Page 48 and 49: LESSON 1PRACTICE EXERCISEThe follow
Page 50 and 51: 12. Which of the following is assum
Page 52 and 53: LESSON 1PRACTICE EXERCISEANSWER KEY
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for all military and civilian activ
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i. Additional support for other top
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2-7. Status. At present, topographi
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in both. (North American Datum of 1
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water can impede leveling operation
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A field recording booklet. A single
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PART I - OFFICE WORK2-24. General.
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PART J - SURVEY COMMUNICATION2-28.
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length or side is known, and all th
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second-order, Class I net. The leng
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The number of observations required
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to perform the reconnaissance. Fail
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and cultivated, or fields may have
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e an alphanumeric symbol that is st
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2-53. Intervisibility of Stations.
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station is (K/2) 2 x 0.0676, or one
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Figure 2-8. Similar Triangles Solut
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2-54. Height of Obstructions. It is
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authorized to change the name, it s
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Figure 2-12. Cells Connected in Par
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added as the cells weaken. Three un
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Figure 2-16. Construction Details f
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2-60. Wooden Towers. When it become
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LESSON 2PRACTICE EXERCISEThe follow
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11. The face of the 5-inch signal l
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LESSON 2PRACTICE EXERCISEANSWER KEY
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average line in a triangulation sys
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3-4. Slope Measurements. The slope
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strip as close as possible to its f
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. Sight along the tops of both of t
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Column 1. Record the station number
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stake to steady it. With the back o
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Figure 3-3. DA Form 4446 (Sample of
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micrometer in this optical system i
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laterally across the front of the e
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Figure 3-7. Horizontal Circle and M
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out of adjustment. If the index mar
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(1) In order to avoid instrumental
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location of the vertical circle on
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Figure 3-13. Open Traversec. Closed
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designate the exact point of refere
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example, a line with an azimuth of
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When adjusting a traverse that star
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11. The unit of graduation on a hor
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THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLA
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differential leveling. The theodoli
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additional runs are made due to exc
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Figure 4-2. Wild N-3 Precision Leve
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(8) Loosen the azimuth clamp (13),
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4.7. Miscellaneous Equipment. In ad
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(2) To check for gross errors in th
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(a) (1) Begin by completing the inf
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Set up and level the instrument. Re
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Figure 4-8. Sun and Wind Code(5) Th
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(10) Enter the interval between the
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Figure 4-9. Closed-Circuit River Cr
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Figure 4-11. Sample DA Form 5820 (R
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is 0. When the telescope is pointed
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stations. However, since all statio
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a. Complete the heading, as shown.b
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a. (1) Enter the date, as in the sa
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11. The maximum length of site to o
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PART A - GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
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5-7. Pseudorange. A pseudorange is
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5-15. Number of Pseudorange Observa
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i. Probable Error Measures. The acc
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Table 5-1. Representative GPS Error
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Table 5-2. Carrier Phase Trackinga.
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exercise extreme caution in applyin
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not be designed or performed to ach
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Table 5-3. GPS-S Design, Geometry,
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f. Multiple/Repeat Baseline Connect
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possible ionospheric and tropospher
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Figures 5-4. PDOP Versus Time PlotP
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e. Field Processing and Verificatio
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All carrier phase relative-surveyin
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time spent and the cost of conducti
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movement between occupation sites,
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5-37. General. GPS baseline solutio
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(1) Receiver Time. This technique u
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NOTE: Repeated baselines should be
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5-43. Loop Closure Checks. Postproc
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necessary to determine approximate
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This will ensure that future work w
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may (and usually does) far exceed t
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important in evaluating the overall
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i. Relative GPS baseline standard e
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12. When the networking method is s
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THIS PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLA
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FAR-77 obstructions. Aircraft-movem
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Figure 6-1. Imaginary SurfacesEN059
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Figure 6-3. Approach Surfacesa. Fed
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. Federal Aviation Regulation-77, S
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Table 6-4. Airport Obstruction Accu
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A horizontal scale of 1:12,000 and
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Figure 6-4. Sample DA Form 5821 (Ai
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Figure 6-5. Sample DA Form 5822 (PA
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