Defining CCS Ready: An Approach to An International Definition

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Appendix A: Summary of Reviewed Existing CCS Ready LiteratureAuthor, Year Bohm, M.C. (2007).Document TitleFull ReferenceElement of CCSAddressedRelevantTechnology/Plant TypeSummary ofDocumentDefinitionNeed for CCSReadyEconomicJustification forCCS ReadyCapture-Ready Power Plants - Options, Technologies and EconomicsBohm, M., Herzog, H., Parsons, J.E., Sekar, R.C.. (2007). Capture-ready coal plants - options,technologies and economics. International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 1, 113-120.doi:10.1016/S1750-5836(07)00033-3.CaptureSupercritical PC; IGCC baseline; IGCC with pre-investment (oversized air separation unit andgasifier)This document summarizes options used during the design and construction of PC and IGCC plantsto reduce costs and energy losses associated with retrofitting for CO2 Capture. It also estimatesNPV costs of plants with differing pre investment under range of CO2 prices.A plant can be considered to be capture-ready if, at some point in the future it can be retrofitted forcarbon capture and sequestration and still be economical to operate.CCS Ready is needed to avoid CO2 lock in. CCS Ready may also be financially optimal dependingon future price of CO2.If carbon prices are high enough in the future, coal-fired power plants will be more economical toretrofit for CCS than to operate as-is. Furthermore, in the future it may be prohibitively costly toretrofit plants that are not designed to be “capture-ready,” resulting in either delayed reductions inCO2 emissions, or stranded generation assets. For the range of future carbon prices that would begenerated by policy options currently under consideration, significant pre-investment forCO2 captureand storage is not economically justified.Author, Year EPPSA. (2006).Document Title EPPSA’s CO2 capture ready recommendations. Status: 07.12.2006.Full ReferenceElement of CCSAddressedRelevantTechnology/Plant TypeSummary ofDocumentDefinitionNeed for CCSReadyEconomicJustification forCCS ReadyEuropean Power Plant Suppliers Association (EPPSA). (2006). EPPSA’s CO2 capture readyrecommendations. Status 07.12.2006. Bruxelles, BE: Author.Capture.PC Steam Plant; Fluidised Bed Steam Plant; IGCC; CCGT.This document discusses some of the challenges linked to the issue of “capture readiness” as seenby the suppliers of capture ready technology, focusing on technical aspects rather than costs orfinancial impact. The document provides recommendations for CO2 capture ready plant designcriteria.In order to label a plant as being “capture ready,” a target abatement percentage of the producedCO2 must be defined beforehand. Furthermore, the key requirement of a capture-ready design is theprovision/availability of space for the CO2 capture equipment of the type or types that may be used.n/an/a23 February 2010 70
Appendix A: Summary of Reviewed Existing CCS Ready LiteratureAuthor, Year Gibbins, J. (2006).Document TitleFull ReferenceElement of CCSAddressedRelevantTechnology/Plant TypeSummary ofDocumentDefinitionNeed for CCSReadyEconomicJustification forCCS ReadyMaking New Power Plants ‘Capture Ready.’Gibbins, J. (2006). Making New Power Plants ‘Capture Ready.’ Presentation to the 9th InternationalCO2 Capture Network, London, England.CaptureSupercritical PC; Oxyfuel PC; IGCC; NGCCThis presentation discusses the general principles and challenges associated with making newplants capture-ready.An ideal capture-ready fossil fuel plant is one that will have no additional expenditures orperformance penalties after capture is added, as compared to an industry standard plant.To avoid CO2 “lock-in.”n/aAuthor, Year IEA GHG. (2007).Document Title CO2 capture ready plants (Report no. 2007/4).Full ReferenceElement of CCSAddressedRelevantTechnology/Plant TypeSummary ofDocumentDefinitionNeed for CCSReadyEconomicJustification forCCS ReadyInternational Energy Agency Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme (IEA GHG). (2007a). CO2 captureready plants (Report no. 2007/4). Cheltenham, UK: Author.Capture.PC and IGCC plants; oxy-, pre-, and post-combustion capture technologies.This document provides a summary of capture ready power plant considerations, an assessment ofthe options for capture ready pre-investments at power plants, a discussion of the risks anduncertainties associated with pre-investments, estimation of the impacts of pre-investments oncapital and operating costs, and an assessment of the trade-offs between pre-investment andsubsequent savings.A CO2 capture ready power plant is a plant which can include CO2 capture when the necessaryregulatory or economic drivers are in place. The aim of building plants that are capture ready is toreduce the risk of stranded assets and ‘carbon lock-in’.Without CCS Ready, new plants will “lock in high CO2 emissions for a generation to come.”n/a23 February 2010 71
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Defining CCS Ready: AnApproach to A
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PrefacePrefaceThe Global CCS Instit
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Acknowledgements and CitationsThe c
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Executive SummaryThe components spe
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Executive SummaryExhibit ES-3: Illu
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Chapter 1: IntroductionDevelopers o
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Chapter 1: IntroductionJustificatio
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Appendix D: AcronymsAppendix D: Acr
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Appendix D: AcronymsNGONO XNSBTFNSP
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Appendix E: ReferencesInternational
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Appendix E: ReferencesIntergovernme
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Appendix E: ReferencesNational Coal
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Appendix E: Referencesfrom http://w
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Defining CCS Ready: An Approach to An International Definition

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