Coll<strong>in</strong>, C., Wade, D.T., Davies, S., Horn, V.I. and Herndon, R.M., 1997. Handbook<strong>of</strong> Cl<strong>in</strong>ical Neurologic Scales. New York: Dernos Vermande.Creswell, J.W., 2003. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed MethodApproaches. Cali<strong>for</strong>nia: Sage.Cutcliffe, J., 2000. ‘Methodological issues <strong>in</strong> grounded theory’, Journal <strong>of</strong> AdvancedNurs<strong>in</strong>g, 31(6): 1476-1484.Davies, S., Laker, S. and Ellis, L., 1999. Dignity on the Ward: Promot<strong>in</strong>gExcellence <strong>in</strong> <strong>Care</strong>. Good Practice <strong>in</strong> Acute Hospital <strong>Care</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Older</strong> <strong>People</strong>.London: Help the Aged.Denz<strong>in</strong>, N.K., 1989. The Research Act: A Theoretical Introduction to SociologicalMethods. New York: Prentice Hall.Department <strong>of</strong> Health, 1988. The Years Ahead: A Policy <strong>for</strong> the Elderly. Dubl<strong>in</strong>:Stationery Office.Department <strong>of</strong> Health, 1994. Shap<strong>in</strong>g a Healthier Future: A Strategy <strong>for</strong> EffectiveHealthcare <strong>in</strong> the 1990s. Dubl<strong>in</strong>: Stationery Office.235Department <strong>of</strong> Health and Children, 1995. Code <strong>of</strong> Practice <strong>for</strong> Nurs<strong>in</strong>g Homes.Dubl<strong>in</strong>: Stationery Office.Department <strong>of</strong> Health and Children, 2001. <strong>Quality</strong> and Fairness: A Health SystemFor You. Dubl<strong>in</strong>: Stationery Office.Department <strong>of</strong> Health and Children, 2003. <strong>Long</strong>-<strong>Stay</strong> Activity Statistics.Dubl<strong>in</strong>: Department <strong>of</strong> Health and Children.Department <strong>of</strong> Health and Children, 2005. <strong>Long</strong>-<strong>Stay</strong> Activity Statistics 2004.Dubl<strong>in</strong>: Department <strong>of</strong> Health and Children.Donabedian, A., 1980. Explorations <strong>in</strong> <strong>Quality</strong> Assessment and Monitor<strong>in</strong>g.Ann Arbor, MI: Health Adm<strong>in</strong>istration Press.Farquhar, M., 1995a. ‘Def<strong>in</strong>itions <strong>of</strong> quality <strong>of</strong> life: a taxonomy’, Journal <strong>of</strong> AdvancedNurs<strong>in</strong>g, 22(3): 502-508.
Farquhar, M., 1995b. ‘Elderly people’s def<strong>in</strong>itions <strong>of</strong> quality <strong>of</strong> life’, Social Scienceand Medic<strong>in</strong>e, 41(10): 1439-1446.Gabriel, Z. and Bowl<strong>in</strong>g, A., 2004. ‘<strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> life from the perspectives <strong>of</strong> olderpeople’, Age<strong>in</strong>g and Society, 24(5): 675-691.Garavan, R., W<strong>in</strong>der, R. and McGee, H., 2001. Health and Social Services <strong>for</strong> <strong>Older</strong><strong>People</strong> (HeSSOP). Dubl<strong>in</strong>: NCAOP.Gentile, K.M., 1991. ‘A review <strong>of</strong> the literature on <strong>in</strong>terventions and quality <strong>of</strong> life<strong>in</strong> the frail elderly’ <strong>in</strong> Birren, J.E., Lubber, J.E., Rowe, J.C. and Deutchman, D.E.,(eds), 1991. The Concept and Measurement <strong>of</strong> <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong> <strong>in</strong> the Frail Elderly.Cali<strong>for</strong>nia: Academic Press.George, L.B. and Bearon, L.K., 1980. <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Older</strong> Persons Mean<strong>in</strong>gand Measurement. New York: Human Sciences Press Inc.236Gerritsen, D.L., Stever<strong>in</strong>k, N., Ooms, M.E. and Ribbe, M.W., 2004. ‘F<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>g auseful conceptual basis <strong>for</strong> enhanc<strong>in</strong>g the quality <strong>of</strong> life <strong>of</strong> nurs<strong>in</strong>g home residents’,<strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong> Research, 13(3): 611-624.Glen, S. and Wadd<strong>in</strong>gton, K., 1998. ‘Role transition from staff nurse to cl<strong>in</strong>ical nursespecialist: a case study’, Journal <strong>of</strong> Cl<strong>in</strong>ical Nurs<strong>in</strong>g, 7(3): 283-290.Gold<strong>in</strong>g, E., 1989. The Middlesex Elderly Assessment <strong>of</strong> Mental State (MEAMS).London: Thames Valley Test Company.Haas, B.K., 1999a. ‘A multidiscipl<strong>in</strong>ary concept analysis <strong>of</strong> quality <strong>of</strong> life’,Western Journal <strong>of</strong> Nurs<strong>in</strong>g Research, 21(6): 728-742.Haas, B.K., 1999b. ‘Clarification and <strong>in</strong>tegration <strong>of</strong> similar quality <strong>of</strong> life concepts’,Image: The Journal <strong>of</strong> Nurs<strong>in</strong>g Scholarship, 31(3): 215-220.Hawes, C., Mor, V., Phillips, C.D., Fries, B.E., Morris, J.N., Steele-Friedlob, E.,Greene, A.M. and Nennstiel, M., 1997. ‘The OBRA-87 Nurs<strong>in</strong>g Home Regulationsand implementation <strong>of</strong> the Resident Assessment Instrument: effects on processquality’, Journal <strong>of</strong> the American Geriatrics Society, 45(8): 977-985.<strong>Improv<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Older</strong> <strong>People</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Long</strong>-<strong>Stay</strong> <strong>Care</strong> Sett<strong>in</strong>gs <strong>in</strong> Ireland
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ImprovingQuality of Lifefor Older P
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National Council on Ageing and Olde
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Authors’ AcknowledgementsThe rese
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ContentsCouncil Comments and Recomm
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6.7 Meaningful Occupation 1296.8 Ch
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CouncilComments andRecommendations
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Quality of Life DomainsThe research
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Meaningful ActivitiesThe research n
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the research revealed that, in gene
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The Council accepts that the cultur
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this regard. The Council believes t
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ExecutiveSummary
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MethodologyA mixed method research
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Long-Stay Facility Survey FindingsT
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Residents were most positive about
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Chapter OneIntroduction
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There is no single definition descr
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This chapter provides justification
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Chapter TwoQuality of Careand Quali
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2.2 Separating Quality of Care and
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2.3 Policy for Long-Stay Care in Ir
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2.4 Regulatory StructuresThere are
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Medical preparations - medication s
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inspections are mainly concerned wi
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often not designed to meet the spec
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Residents who did not want to be in
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Human resources management standard
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The Mid-West Standards for Resident
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process and outcomes of the service
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2.9 ConclusionQuality of life for o
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Chapter ThreeThe Interpretationand
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The difficulty of defining such an
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Implicit definitions use the broad
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Human needs may also provide part o
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successfully complete a self-report
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In relation to older people specifi
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The results of this particular stud
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The design of a residential care se
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Chapter FourMethodology
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each method used at the same point
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4.3.3 Data AnalysisThe transcripts
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Table 4.2: Distribution of question
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4.4.4 Quantitative Data AnalysisThe
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Anonymity and confidentiality are i
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from stakeholders who attended the
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4.7 Ethical ClearanceEthical cleara
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Chapter FiveQuality of Lifein Long-
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All participants reported that ther
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Staffing and skill mix: comments fr
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Recruiting and retaining staff: com
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Impact of physical environment on r
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5.6.2 Social EnvironmentParticipant
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They believed that this problem was
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Participants also discussed at leng
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Chapter SixQuality of Lifein Long-S
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Table 6.1: Type of facilityN %Priva
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Figure 6.2: Age profile of long-sta
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Figure 6.5 shows the percentages of
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Figure 6.7: Long-stay residents’
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In private and voluntary facilities
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Table 6.6: Ratio of RNs on the even
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Staff turnover investigates the num
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Table 6.10: Therapeutic and other s
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sector and 50 per cent in the volun
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Table 6.13: Number of facilities in
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stay units also allow ambulant, men
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The majority of private and volunta
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Table 6.17: Call bell facilities by
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Chapter SevenDescription ofStudy Si
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others were open and residents’ b
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7.2.2 StaffingRegistered nurses and
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Some residents were able to leave t
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the day by their bed. In addition,
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equired full assistance with dressi
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Chapter EightCare Environmentand Et
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8.2 Promoting AutonomyThis category
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Table 8.1: Involvement of residents
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Table 8.2: Maintaining independence
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Focus group participants reported t
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Staff respondents also highlighted
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Therefore, the practice of rosterin
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8.7 ConclusionThis chapter presente
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Chapter NinePersonal Identity
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Table 9.1: Identity and personalise
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The real meI’m there in a photogr
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how important it was that residents
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Table 9.5: Freedom and constraintsA
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9.5 PrivacyThe degree of privacy en
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9.6 Self-RespectAcknowledging resid
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9.7 ConclusionsThe findings suggest
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Chapter TenConnectedness,Social Rel
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- Page 234 and 235: Birren, J.E. and Dieckmann, L., 199
- Page 238 and 239: Hubbard, G., Downs, M.G. and Tester
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- Page 274 and 275: Terms ofReference
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