McCormack, B., 2003. ‘A conceptual framework <strong>for</strong> person-centred practicewith older people’, International Journal <strong>of</strong> Nurs<strong>in</strong>g Practice, 9(3): 202-209.Meeberg, G.A., 1993. ‘<strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> life: a concept analysis’, Journal <strong>of</strong> AdvancedNurs<strong>in</strong>g, 18: 32-38.Megone, C., 1990. ‘The quality <strong>of</strong> life start<strong>in</strong>g from Aristotle’ <strong>in</strong> Baldw<strong>in</strong>, S.,Godfrey, C. and Propper, C., (eds), 1990. <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong> Perspectives and Policies.London: Routledge.Miles, M.B. and Huberman, A.M., 1994. Qualitative Data Analysis:An Expanded Sourcebook. Cali<strong>for</strong>nia: Sage.Mor, V., 2001. ‘Approaches to quality <strong>of</strong> care by regulatory and accreditationorganizations’ <strong>in</strong> Noelker, L.S. and Harel, Z., (eds), 2001. L<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong><strong>Long</strong>-Term <strong>Care</strong> and <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong>. Canada: Spr<strong>in</strong>ger Publish<strong>in</strong>g Company.Moise, P., Wchwarz<strong>in</strong>ger, M. and Um, M.Y., 2004. Dementia <strong>Care</strong> <strong>in</strong> N<strong>in</strong>eOECD Countries: A Comparative Analysis. OECD Health Work<strong>in</strong>g Papers No. 13.Paris: OECD.239Mozley, C., Sutcliffe, C., Bagley, H., Cord<strong>in</strong>gley, L., Challis, D., Huxley, P. andBurns, A., 2004. Towards <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>Care</strong> Outcomes <strong>for</strong> <strong>Older</strong> <strong>People</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Care</strong> Homes.England: Ashgate Publish<strong>in</strong>g.National Council on Age<strong>in</strong>g and <strong>Older</strong> <strong>People</strong>, 2000. A Framework <strong>for</strong> <strong>Quality</strong><strong>in</strong> <strong>Long</strong>-Term Residential <strong>Care</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Older</strong> <strong>People</strong> <strong>in</strong> Ireland. Dubl<strong>in</strong>: NCAOP.Noelker, L.S. and Harel, Z., 2001. ‘Humaniz<strong>in</strong>g long-term care: <strong>for</strong>g<strong>in</strong>g a l<strong>in</strong>kbetween quality <strong>of</strong> care and quality <strong>of</strong> life’ <strong>in</strong> Noelker, L.S. and Harel, Z., (eds),2001. L<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Long</strong>-Term <strong>Care</strong> and <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong>. Canada:Spr<strong>in</strong>ger Publish<strong>in</strong>g Company.O’Boyle, C.A., 1997. ‘Measur<strong>in</strong>g the quality <strong>of</strong> later life’, Philosophical Transactions:Biological Sciences, 352(1363): 1871-1879.O’Connor, J. and Walsh, M., 1986. ‘It’s Our Home’: The <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong> <strong>in</strong> Privateand Voluntary Nurs<strong>in</strong>g Homes. Dubl<strong>in</strong>: National Council <strong>for</strong> the Aged.
O’Connor, J. and Thompstone, K., 1986. Nurs<strong>in</strong>g Homes <strong>in</strong> the Republic <strong>of</strong> Ireland:A Study <strong>of</strong> the Private and Voluntary Sector. Dubl<strong>in</strong>: National Council <strong>for</strong> the Aged.O’Shea, E., Donnison, D. and Larragy, J., 1991. The Role and Future Development<strong>of</strong> Nurs<strong>in</strong>g Homes <strong>in</strong> Ireland. Dubl<strong>in</strong>: NCAOP.O’Shea, E. and O’Reilly, S., 1999. An Action Plan <strong>for</strong> Dementia. Dubl<strong>in</strong>: NCAOP.OCS Consult<strong>in</strong>g, 2004. <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Long</strong> Term Residential <strong>Care</strong>. The Views<strong>of</strong> Residents, Their Relatives and Staff About <strong>Life</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Long</strong> Term Residential <strong>Care</strong><strong>in</strong> the West. Dubl<strong>in</strong>: OCS Consult<strong>in</strong>g.OECD, 2005. <strong>Long</strong>-Term <strong>Care</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Older</strong> <strong>People</strong>. Paris: OECD.Ormel, J., L<strong>in</strong>denberg, S., Stever<strong>in</strong>k, N. and Vonkorff, M., 1997. ‘<strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> lifeand social production functions: a framework <strong>for</strong> understand<strong>in</strong>g health effects’,Social Science and Medic<strong>in</strong>e, 45(7): 1051-1063.240Parker, C., Barnes, S., McKee, K., Morgan, K., Torr<strong>in</strong>gton, J. and Tregenza, P., 2004.‘<strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> life and build<strong>in</strong>g design <strong>in</strong> residential and nurs<strong>in</strong>g homes <strong>for</strong> olderpeople’, Age<strong>in</strong>g and Society, 24(6): 941-962.Patton, M.Q., 1990. Qualitative Evaluation and Research Methods. London: Sage.Philips, C.D., 2001. ‘Measur<strong>in</strong>g and assur<strong>in</strong>g quality care <strong>in</strong> nurs<strong>in</strong>g homes’<strong>in</strong> Noelker, L.S. and Harel, Z., (eds), 2001. L<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Long</strong>-Term <strong>Care</strong>and <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong>. Canada: Spr<strong>in</strong>ger Publish<strong>in</strong>g Company.Polit, D.F. and Beck, C.T., 2004. Nurs<strong>in</strong>g Research, Pr<strong>in</strong>ciples and Methods.Philadelphia, Lipp<strong>in</strong>cott.Pynoos, J. and Regnier, V., 1991. ‘<strong>Improv<strong>in</strong>g</strong> residential environments <strong>for</strong> frailelderly: bridg<strong>in</strong>g the gap between theory and application’ <strong>in</strong> Birren, J.E., Lubber, J.E., Rowe, J.C. and Deutchman, D.E., (eds), 1991. The Concept and Measurement<strong>of</strong> <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong> <strong>in</strong> the Frail Elderly. Cali<strong>for</strong>nia: Academic Press.Raphael, D., 1996. ‘Def<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g quality <strong>of</strong> life: eleven debates concern<strong>in</strong>g itsmeasurement’ <strong>in</strong> Renwick, R., Brown, I. and Nagler, M., (eds.), 1996. <strong>Quality</strong><strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong> <strong>in</strong> Health Promotion and Rehabilitation: Conceptual Approaches, Issues,and Applications. Cali<strong>for</strong>nia: Sage.<strong>Improv<strong>in</strong>g</strong> <strong>Quality</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Life</strong> <strong>for</strong> <strong>Older</strong> <strong>People</strong> <strong>in</strong> <strong>Long</strong>-<strong>Stay</strong> <strong>Care</strong> Sett<strong>in</strong>gs <strong>in</strong> Ireland
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ImprovingQuality of Lifefor Older P
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National Council on Ageing and Olde
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Authors’ AcknowledgementsThe rese
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ContentsCouncil Comments and Recomm
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6.7 Meaningful Occupation 1296.8 Ch
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CouncilComments andRecommendations
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Quality of Life DomainsThe research
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Meaningful ActivitiesThe research n
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the research revealed that, in gene
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The Council accepts that the cultur
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this regard. The Council believes t
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ExecutiveSummary
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MethodologyA mixed method research
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Long-Stay Facility Survey FindingsT
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Residents were most positive about
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Chapter OneIntroduction
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There is no single definition descr
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This chapter provides justification
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Chapter TwoQuality of Careand Quali
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2.2 Separating Quality of Care and
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2.3 Policy for Long-Stay Care in Ir
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2.4 Regulatory StructuresThere are
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Medical preparations - medication s
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inspections are mainly concerned wi
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often not designed to meet the spec
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Residents who did not want to be in
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Human resources management standard
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The Mid-West Standards for Resident
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process and outcomes of the service
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2.9 ConclusionQuality of life for o
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Chapter ThreeThe Interpretationand
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The difficulty of defining such an
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Implicit definitions use the broad
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Human needs may also provide part o
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successfully complete a self-report
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In relation to older people specifi
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The results of this particular stud
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The design of a residential care se
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Chapter FourMethodology
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each method used at the same point
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4.3.3 Data AnalysisThe transcripts
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Table 4.2: Distribution of question
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4.4.4 Quantitative Data AnalysisThe
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Anonymity and confidentiality are i
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from stakeholders who attended the
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4.7 Ethical ClearanceEthical cleara
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Chapter FiveQuality of Lifein Long-
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All participants reported that ther
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Staffing and skill mix: comments fr
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Recruiting and retaining staff: com
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Impact of physical environment on r
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5.6.2 Social EnvironmentParticipant
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They believed that this problem was
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Participants also discussed at leng
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Chapter SixQuality of Lifein Long-S
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Table 6.1: Type of facilityN %Priva
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Figure 6.2: Age profile of long-sta
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Figure 6.5 shows the percentages of
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Figure 6.7: Long-stay residents’
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In private and voluntary facilities
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Table 6.6: Ratio of RNs on the even
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Staff turnover investigates the num
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Table 6.10: Therapeutic and other s
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sector and 50 per cent in the volun
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Table 6.13: Number of facilities in
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stay units also allow ambulant, men
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The majority of private and volunta
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Table 6.17: Call bell facilities by
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Chapter SevenDescription ofStudy Si
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others were open and residents’ b
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7.2.2 StaffingRegistered nurses and
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Some residents were able to leave t
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the day by their bed. In addition,
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equired full assistance with dressi
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Chapter EightCare Environmentand Et
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8.2 Promoting AutonomyThis category
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Table 8.1: Involvement of residents
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Table 8.2: Maintaining independence
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Focus group participants reported t
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Staff respondents also highlighted
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Therefore, the practice of rosterin
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8.7 ConclusionThis chapter presente
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Chapter NinePersonal Identity
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Table 9.1: Identity and personalise
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The real meI’m there in a photogr
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how important it was that residents
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Table 9.5: Freedom and constraintsA
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9.5 PrivacyThe degree of privacy en
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9.6 Self-RespectAcknowledging resid
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9.7 ConclusionsThe findings suggest
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Chapter TenConnectedness,Social Rel
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10.2 Connectedness, Involvement and
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A concrete example of the priority
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- Page 238 and 239: Hubbard, G., Downs, M.G. and Tester
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- Page 274 and 275: Terms ofReference
- Page 276 and 277: c) providing information and advice
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