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interdisciplinarity as presented to a training session for NESTA Crucible fellows 46 . It<br />

draws attention to the ways in which disciplines may be subordinated to each other,<br />

rather than presuming additive or critical contributions. It also describes the policy<br />

‘logics’ by which social scientists are expected to contribute to technology research,<br />

whether by representing user needs for new product designs, or by providing a model<br />

of social accountability that might protect technologists from more disruptive<br />

critiques. The paper recommends approaches for improved policy support of<br />

interdisciplinarity, which map closely onto our own findings, regarding the range of<br />

possible outcomes, the difficulty of assessing those outcomes in existing disciplinary<br />

terms, and the substantial periods of time over which such enterprises develop and<br />

bear fruit.<br />

13.1.3 Interdisciplinarity in the UK<br />

Griffin, G., Medhurst, P. and Green, T. (2006). Interdisciplinarity in Interdisciplinary<br />

Research Programmes in the UK. Research report from the EC Framework 6 project<br />

‘Changing Knowledge and Disciplinary Boundaries Through Integrative Research<br />

Methods in the Social Sciences and Humanities’ (CT-CIT2004-506013, 2004-7)<br />

Available online from<br />

http://www.york.ac.uk/res/researchintegration/Interdisciplinarity_UK.pdf<br />

Although based on interviews <strong>with</strong> members of only two interdisciplinary<br />

programmes, this report identifies a number of the dynamics that we have observed.<br />

As we do, they prefer not to define Interdisciplinarity too closely, finding that their<br />

respondents talked more of ‘<strong>crossing</strong> disciplinary <strong>boundaries</strong>’ than ‘trans-’ or ‘post’disciplinarity,<br />

and that collaborative research is a fundamental dynamic. The analysis<br />

makes thematically grouped observations <strong>with</strong> regard to funding bodies, the structure<br />

of programmes, the management of interdisciplinary teams, the research experiences<br />

of those employed in such teams, the personality characteristics of successful<br />

interdisciplinary researchers, and the career structures available to them.<br />

13.1.4 A political critique of the design imperative<br />

Thrift, N. (2006). Re-inventing invention: new tendencies in capitalist<br />

commodification. Economy and Society 35(2), 279-306<br />

This paper offers a rather dystopian perspective on current trends in capitalist<br />

economies, describing a new kind of capitalist zeitgeist resulting from changing<br />

relations between companies and consumers, and the commodification of the<br />

consumer’s own experience in the face of shifts in global economies of<br />

manufacturing. The focus on design as a base for technological <strong>innovation</strong> results<br />

46 The NESTA Crucible scheme was created subsequent to NESTA contact <strong>with</strong> the<br />

Cambridge Crucible network, although there has been little further contact between the two<br />

organizations until the start of the current study. This can be a source of confusion.<br />

Innovation and Interdisciplinarity 113

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