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Radical innovation: crossing knowledge boundaries with ...

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� act as navigator, maintaining rhythms of divergence/convergence<br />

� gradual reconceptualisation can open new possibilities for action<br />

� short term interdisciplinary projects are unlikely to be effective unless the<br />

team already know each other.<br />

� creativity happens serendipitously. Directed mechanisms shut down possible<br />

outcomes<br />

� build incrementally <strong>with</strong> contributions from all sides<br />

� be willing to take risks<br />

� analysis can result in crises of indecision - and delivery trumps analysis<br />

� recognise potential for high impact<br />

� engage in horizon scanning<br />

� longer term results can set whole new agendas<br />

� don’t lose human touch when scaling up<br />

Outcomes<br />

� <strong>knowledge</strong> is ‘transferred’ at the moment of collaborative creation, not as a<br />

separate outcome<br />

� diverse perspectives make you prepared for unanticipated threats<br />

� there are always unintended benefits, continuing many years later<br />

� projects produce legacy of people / social capital<br />

� arts and humanities introduce forms of <strong>knowledge</strong> that embrace imagination<br />

and uncertainty<br />

� arts and humanities contribute complexity and ambiguity to society<br />

� may need multiple projects before real benefits become clear<br />

14.3. Career Advice for the Interdisciplinary Practitioner<br />

Personal histories<br />

� pay your dues in a traditional discipline<br />

� people who are effective at interdisciplinary working forget what it cost them<br />

� successful researchers have more seniority in their fields.<br />

� successful researchers have some independence from career-oriented<br />

evaluation (e.g. not having to use the research for RAE)<br />

� successful researchers have networks across a range of disciplines<br />

� successful researchers have previous histories of interdisciplinary<br />

collaboration<br />

� successful researchers have history of moving across disciplines<br />

Innovation and Interdisciplinarity 120

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