a database of the National Library of M

which large amounts of VC was spilled in the snow, 10 ppm max occurred ingroundwater which decreased to below 0.02 ppm by 10 wk after the spill(5).Vinyl chloride was detected in groundwater near a manufacturing facilityin Niagra Falls, NY at concns of less than 0.0005 to 1 mg/l(6). Vinylchloride was detected in groundwater at the Plattsburgh Air Force Base, NYat concns of 4-1,520 ug/l(7). Vinyl chloride was detected at a max concnof 130,000 ppb in the groundwater at the Cordova Chemical Site in NorthMuskegon, MI(8). Vinyl chloride was detected at a max concn of 35 ug/l ingroundwater from Denver, CO(9). [(1) Coniglio WA et al; The Occurrence ofVolatile Organics in Drinking Water. USEPA Exposure Assessment Project(1980) (2) Council Environmental Quality; Contamination on Groundwater byToxic Organic Chemicals. Washington, DC p. 84 (1981) (3) Dyksen JE, HerrAF III; J Amer Water Work Assoc 1982, 394-403 (1982) (4) Page GW; EnvironSci Technol 15: 1475-81 (1981)(5) Charlton J et al; p. 245-67 in HazardAssessment of Chemicals Vol 2; Saxena J ed (1983) (6) Yager RM et al;Environ Sci Technol 31: 3138-47 (1997) (7) Weidemeier TH et al;USEPA/540/R-96/509. Symp Nat Atten Chlorin Org Groundwater, Washington,DC: USEPA, Off. Res. Dev., PP. 74-82 (1996) (8) USEPA; Superfund Record ofDecision (EPA Region 5): Ott/Story/Cordova Chemical Site, North, Muskegon,Michigan (first remedial action), September 1989. EPA/ROD/R05-89/111;PB90-138405, 103 pp.(1989) (9) Bruce BW et al; J Hydrol 186: 129-51(1996)]**PEER REVIEWED**GROUNDWATER: USA 1982 National Ground Water Supply Survey, 466 samples, 1sample pos at 1.1 ppb (1 ppb quantification limit)(1). [(1) Cotruvo JA;Sci Total Environ 47: 7-26 (1985)]**PEER REVIEWED**SURFACE WATER: Vinyl chloride was detected in surface water from US citiesat concns of 0.2-5.1 ppb(1). Vinyl chloride was detected at a max concn of9.8 ppb (1981) in a 9 state US survey(2,3). Vinyl chloride was identified,not quantified, in 21 out of 606 surface water samples from New Jersey(4).Vinyl chloride was detected in 3 of 28 samples from rivers and estuariesin Osaka, Japan at an avg concn of 0.64 ug/l(5). [(1) Coniglio WA et al;The Occurrence of Volatile Organics in Drinking Water. USEPA ExposureAssessment Project (1980) (2) Burmaster DE; Environ 24: 6-13, 33-6 (1982)(3) Dyksen JE, Herr AF III; J Amer Water Work Assoc 1982, 394-403 (1982)(4) Page GW; Environ Sci Technol 15: 1475-81 (1981) (5) Yamamoto K et al;Environ Pollut 95: 135-43 (1997)]**PEER REVIEWED**EFFLUENT CONCENTRATIONS:Vinyl chloride was detected in gas samples from municipal landfill sitesin Canada at concns of 3,508 and 7,470 ppb(1). Vinyl chloride was detectedin landfill gas in Ontario, Canada at concns of 0.0023-0.0412 ug/cu m(2).The estimated amount of vinyl chloride emitted from 2 wastewater treatmentplants in Los Angeles, CA were 14 kg/year and 3 kg/year(3). The onlyindustry with appreciable waste water effluents of vinyl chloride is theorganic chemicals mfg/plastic industry where mean levels are 750 ppb(4).Waste water from 12 polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plants in 7 US areas rangedfrom 0.05 to 20 ppm with typical levels being 2 to 3 ppm(5). Vinylchloride was detected in landfill leachate at concns of 8-3,000 g/l andlandfill gas at 0-83.2 mg/cu m(6). [(1) Brosseau J, Heitz M; Atmos Environ28: 285-93 (1994) (2) Chandler DS et al; J Air Waste Manage Assoc 87thannual Meet (1994) (3) Mayer GJ et al; Wat Environ Res 66: 140-44 (1994)(4) USEPA; Treatability Manual. p.I.12.12-1 to I.12.12-4USEPA-600/2-82-001a (1981) (5) USEPA; Ambient Water Quality Criteria forVinyl Chloride. USEPA-440/5-80-078 (1980) (6) Roy WR; pp. 411-6 in ContamGroundwaters. Adriano DC et al, eds., Northwood, UK: Sci Rev (1994)]**PEER