Why we need European cultural policies: the impact of EU ...

1 The French term acquis communautairerefers to the set of EU laws and policies.Conditions for candidate countries joining theEU included achieving a stable democracy,a competitive market economy, and thecapacity to implement EU laws and policies(incorporating and implementing acquiscommunautaire).2 Obuljen N, (2004a)) Impact of Europeanintegrations on Croatian cultural policyMaster’s thesis, University of Zagreb: Facultyof Political Sciences, 25 February.3 Obuljen N, (2004b). `Assessing theimpact of the EU Enlargement on culturalpolicies in countries in transition.’ inCultural transitions in southeastern Europe,S˘ vob-Dokić , Nada (eds) pp 123–141Zagreb: Institut za med¯unarodne odnose.4 I would like to thank the EuropeanCultural Foundation and the Bank of SwedenTercentenary Foundation as well as the CPRAJury for giving me the opportunity to work onthis research. Thanks also to my colleaguesBiserka Cvjetic˘anin, Nada S˘ vob-Dokić , ZrinjkaPerus˘ ko, Jaka Primorac, Joost Smiers, GarryNeil, Jadran Antolović and Igor Bukatko whogave their comments on this study as well asto my thesis adviser Zdravko Petak, professorat the Faculty of Political Science, Universityof Zagreb.5 The principle of subsidiarity is explainedin Article 5(2) of the Treaty, which states thatthe Community shall take action only if andin so far as the objectives of the proposedaction cannot be sufficiently achieved by themember states and can therefore, by reasonof scale and effects of the proposed action,be better achieved by the Community. Thegeneral aim of the principle of subsidiarityis to guarantee a degree of independencefor a lower authority in respect to a centralauthority. It involves sharing of powersbetween several levels of authority, a principlethat forms the institutional basis for federalstates. When applied in the Communitycontext, the principle means that the memberstates remain responsible for areas that theyare capable of managing more effectivelythemselves, while the Community is giventhose powers that the member states cannotdischarge satisfactorily.6 See for example:a) Audéoud O, (2002).Study on the mobility and free movement ofpeople and products in the cultural sector,Study No. DG EAC/08/00, PartnershipCEJEC - Université PARIS X-EAEAb) MKW Wirtschaftsforschung Gmbh, (2001).Exploitations and development of the jobpotential in the cultural sector in the age ofdigitalisation: Final report, Munich:MKW Wirtschaftsforschung Gmbh.c) European Commission, (2002).Fourth report from the European Commissionto the European Council, the EuropeanParliament, the European Economic andSocial Committee and the Committee ofthe Regions on the application of Directive89/552/EEC “Television without frontiers”,COM (2002) 778, final, Brussels.Notes77