World Disasters Report 2010 - International Federation of Red Cross ...
World Disasters Report 2010 - International Federation of Red Cross ...
World Disasters Report 2010 - International Federation of Red Cross ...
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
8<br />
The urban risk divide:<br />
A 21st century challenge<br />
The signs <strong>of</strong> our vulnerability to urban risk are everywhere.<br />
An earthquake can bring hospitals, schools and homes tumbling down with unspeakably<br />
tragic consequences. A volcano can throw city airports into chaos. Flood waters<br />
can turn well-kept streets into detritus-strewn canals. The drug trade can turn an inner<br />
city into a war zone. An epidemic can spread rapidly through a crowded slum.<br />
As the pendulum <strong>of</strong> human development swings increasingly away from the countryside<br />
to the city, we see that rapid urbanization and population growth are combining<br />
to create enormous new challenges for the humanitarian community and pushing us<br />
out <strong>of</strong> our comfort zone to deal with a strange new urban world.<br />
When it comes to the impact <strong>of</strong> natural disasters, well-run cities can be among the<br />
safest places on earth. They can also be the best places to raise a family, for schooling,<br />
healthcare and employment. You can expect to live longer in a city.<br />
Cities can also be the most dangerous places on earth for those who live in an urban<br />
environment where the authorities have little presence and where the will and the<br />
resources are lacking to ensure basic social services, food security, policing, running<br />
water, sewerage and respect for building codes.<br />
This urban risk divide is a major challenge for humankind in the 21st century if we are<br />
to ensure that the worldwide movement from the countryside to cities does not fuel a<br />
growth in sickness and deaths from the re-creation <strong>of</strong> 19th century-like public health<br />
hazards exacerbated by exposure to risks generated by climate change and the threat<br />
<strong>of</strong> pandemics.<br />
The stresses and strains <strong>of</strong> urban living can be compounded immeasurably for those<br />
who end up living on the peripheries <strong>of</strong> cities in low- and middle-income countries,<br />
barely surviving on one US dollar or less a day.<br />
Despite the heartbeat <strong>of</strong> commerce and other signs <strong>of</strong> vibrant life which pulsate<br />
through many informal urban settlements, slum life can be nasty, brutal and short for<br />
many inhabitants as they lose out in a Darwinian struggle for survival against disease,<br />
malnutrition, illiteracy, crime and natural disasters.<br />
It is this urban ‘underclass’ that should concern the humanitarian community most.<br />
Their numbers are almost 1 billion and they are growing at the rate <strong>of</strong> 10 million