OS-C501

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Offshore Standard DNV-OS-C501, November 2013 Sec.13 Definitions, abbreviations & figures – Page 176 1 Definitions 1.1 General SECTION 13 DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS & FIGURES 1.1.1 May is used to indicate a preference. Shall is used to indicate a requirement Should is used to indicate a recommendation. 1.2 Terms Table 13-1 Terms Angle-ply laminate Anisotropy Box beam Buckling Characteristic load Characteristic resistance Client Component Condition Construction phase Constituent Contractor Core Cross-ply laminate Delamination Design load Design resistance Design rule Design value Detail Environmental conditions Environmental loads Fabric Fabrication Face Failure criterion symmetric laminate, possessing equal plies with positive and negative angles. material properties varying with the orientation or direction of the reference co-ordinate. a sandwich beam is defined as a box beam if it has face material on 4 sides global buckling refers to an unstable displacement of a structural part, such as a panel, caused by excessive compression and or shear. reference value of a load to be used in the determination of the load effects. The characteristic load is normally based upon a defined fractile is the upper end of the distribution function load. the nominal value of the structural strength to be used in the determination of the design strength. The Characteristic Resistance is normally based upon a defined fractile in the lower end of the distribution function for resistance. is understood to be the party ultimately responsible for the system as installed and its intended use in accordance with the prevailing laws, statutory rules and regulations. a major section of the structure, i.e. tower, that can be tested as a complete unit to qualify the structure. a particular state of existence. all phases during construction, including transportation, installation, testing, commissioning and repair. in general, an element of a larger grouping. In advanced composites, the principal constituents are the fibres and the matrix. is understood to be a party contracted by the Client to perform all or a part of the necessary work needed to bring the System to an installed and operable condition the central member of a sandwich construction . Metallic or composites facing materials are bonded to the core to form a sandwich panel. special laminate that contains only 0 and 90 degree plies. separation or loss of bonds of plies (the 2-D layers) of material in a laminate. characteristic load multiplied by the load factor. characteristic resistance divided by the resistance factor. requirement which is to be fulfilled during design as part of a so-called code check. The design rule is usually an inequality expressed in terms of the design load and the design resistance, e.g., the design load shall be less than or equal to the design resistance. The form of the design rule may resemble the form of the failure criterion, however, it is expressed in terms of fixed design values of the load and resistance variables, whereas the failure criterion is expressed in terms of the physical, stochastic load and resistance variables themselves. value to be used in deterministic design procedure, i.e., characteristic value modified by the partial load factor or the partial resistance factor. ( or sub-component) is a major three-dimensional structure that can provide complete structural representation of a section of the full structure. environmental exposure that may harm or degrade the material constituents. loads due to the environment, such as waves, current, wind, ice, earthquakes. planar, woven material constructed by interlacing yarns, fibres or filaments. all operations related to the material assembly into objects with a defined purpose. sheet, consisting of metal or layers of composite materials, adhesively bonded to a core material in a sandwich structure. criterion to define or identify when failure has occurred, usually expressed as an inequality in the governing variables, e.g. load greater than resistance. DET NORSKE VERITAS AS
Offshore Standard DNV-OS-C501, November 2013 Sec.13 Definitions, abbreviations & figures – Page 177 Table 13-1 Terms (Continued) Failure mechanism a mechanism of failure is the underlying phenomenon at the material level that determines the mode of failure. Depending on its level of severity a mechanism of failure can lead to various failures. Failure mechanisms are specific to material type. Failure mode state of inability to perform a normal function, or an event causing an undesirable or adverse condition, e.g. violation of functional requirement, loss of component or system function, or deterioration of functional capability to such an extent that the safety of the unit, personnel or environment is significantly reduced. Failure probability probability of failure during a specified time interval such as the design life of a structure. Failure type failure types are based on safety margin, intrinsic to a given failure mechanism. A distinction is made between catastrophic and progressive failures, and between failures with or without reserve capacity during failure. Failure a state of inability to perform a normal function, or an event causing an undesirable or averse condition, e.g. violation of functional requirement, loss of component or system function, or deterioration of functional capability to such an extent that the safety of the unit, personnel or environment is significantly reduced. Fatigue in materials or structures, the cumulative and irreversible damage incurred by cyclic or static application of mechanical and or thermal loads in given environments. Fibre Reinforced Plastic a general term polymeric composite reinforced by fibres. (FRP) Fibre single filament, rolled or formed in one direction, and used as the principal constituent of woven or non-woven composite materials. Filament the smallest unit of a fibrous material. The basic units formed during drawing and spinning, which are gathered into strands of fibre. It is a continuous discrete fibre with an effective diameter in the range of few micrometers depending on the source. Functional requirement a functional requirement is defined as a requirement that the global structure has to fulfil. Glass Fibre Reinforced general term polymeric composite reinforced by glass fibres. Plastic (GRP) Homogeneous descriptive term for a material of uniform composition throughout. A medium that has no internal physical boundaries. Inspection activities, such as, measuring, examination, testing, gauging one or more characteristic of a product or a service, and comparing the results with specified requirements to determine conformity. Installation operation related to setting up a system, components or parts. Interface boundary or transition zone between constituent materials, such as the fibre/matrix interface, or the boundary between plies of a laminate or layers of a sandwich structure. Boundary between different materials in a joint. An interface can also be the area where two components or parts touch each other. Lamina (Laminae) same as ply (plural of lamina). Laminate layers of a plies bonded together to form a single structure. Also the process to build a laminate. Laminate ply one layer of a laminated product. Layer a single ply of lay up or laminate. Limit State state beyond which the structure fails to meet a particular functional requirement. A functional requirement can be related to various limit states depending on the modes of failure mode. Two limit state categories are considered in the standard. Load effect effect of a single load or combination of loads on the system, such as stress, strain, deformation, displacement, acceleration, etc. Load factor partial safety factor by which the characteristic load is multiplied to obtain the design load. Load effect factor partial safety factor by which the characteristic load effect is multiplied to obtain the design load effect. Load assembly of concentrated or distributed forces acting on a structure (direct loads), or cause of imposed or constrained deformations in a structure (indirect loads). Local buckling unstable displacement of a sub-structural part, such as a lamina, face or cell caused by excessive compression and or shear. Manufacturer the party, which manufactures or supplies equipment to perform the duties specified by the Contractor Matrix the cured resin or polymer material in which the fibre system is imbedded in a ply or laminate. Monolithic structure laminate consisting uniquely of composites materials except core materials; also called single-skin structure. Off-axis not coincident with the symmetry axis; also called off-angle. On-axis coincident with the symmetry axis; also called on-angle. DET NORSKE VERITAS AS
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