OS-C501

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Offshore Standard DNV-OS-C501, November 2013 Contents – Page 8 5 Influence of the environment on properties.......................................................................................... 88 5.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 88 5.2 Effect of temperature ..................................................................................................................... 89 5.3 Effect of water................................................................................................................................ 90 5.4 Effect of chemicals ........................................................................................................................ 90 5.5 Effect of UV radiation ................................................................................................................... 90 5.6 Electrolytic corrosion..................................................................................................................... 90 5.7 Combination of environmental effects........................................................................................... 90 6 Influence of process parameters and core density ............................................................................... 91 6.1 Core production ............................................................................................................................. 91 6.2 Sandwich production ..................................................................................................................... 91 6.3 Influence of core density................................................................................................................ 91 7 Properties under fire............................................................................................................................... 91 7.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 91 7.2 Fire reaction ................................................................................................................................... 91 7.3 Fire resistance ................................................................................................................................ 92 7.4 Insulation........................................................................................................................................ 92 7.5 Properties after the fire................................................................................................................... 92 8 Qualification of material properties ...................................................................................................... 92 8.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 92 8.2 General test requirements .............................................................................................................. 92 8.3 Selection of material qualification method.................................................................................... 93 8.4 Direct measurement ....................................................................................................................... 93 8.5 Representative data ........................................................................................................................ 93 8.6 Qualification against representative data....................................................................................... 94 8.7 Confirmation testing for static data................................................................................................ 95 8.8 Confirmation testing for long term data......................................................................................... 95 8.9 Use of manufacturers data or data from the literature as representative data................................ 95 8.10 Confirming material data by component testing............................................................................ 96 Sec. 6 Failure mechanisms and design criteria ......................................................................... 97 1 Mechanisms of failure............................................................................................................................. 97 1.1 General........................................................................................................................................... 97 1.2 FRP laminates - failure mechanisms and failure type ................................................................. 100 1.3 Sandwich structures - failure mechanisms and failure type......................................................... 100 1.4 Displacements and long term failure mechanisms and failure type ............................................ 102 1.5 Link between failure modes and failure mechanisms.................................................................. 102 2 Design criteria - general approach ...................................................................................................... 103 2.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 103 2.2 Design criteria for single loads ................................................................................................... 104 2.3 Design criteria for combined loads.............................................................................................. 104 2.4 Time dependency and influence of the environment................................................................... 105 3 Fibre failure ........................................................................................................................................... 105 3.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 105 3.2 Fibre failure at the ply level......................................................................................................... 106 3.3 Fibre failure check using a modified Tsai-Wu criterion.............................................................. 106 3.4 Special considerations for fibre failure under in-plane compressive loads ................................. 108 3.5 Fibre failure checked by component testing ................................................................................ 109 3.6 Fracture mechanics approach....................................................................................................... 109 4 Matrix cracking..................................................................................................................................... 111 4.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 111 4.2 Matrix failure based on simple stress criterion............................................................................ 111 4.3 Matrix failure based on Puck's criterion ...................................................................................... 113 4.4 Obtaining orientation of the failure surface................................................................................. 115 4.5 Matrix cracking caused only by shear ......................................................................................... 115 4.6 Matrix failure checked by component testing.............................................................................. 115 5 Delamination.......................................................................................................................................... 115 5.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 115 5.2 Onset of delamination.................................................................................................................. 115 5.3 Delamination growth ................................................................................................................... 116 6 Yielding .................................................................................................................................................. 116 6.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 116 7 Ultimate failure of orthotropic homogenous materials ..................................................................... 117 7.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 117 8 Buckling.................................................................................................................................................. 118 8.1 Concepts and definitions.............................................................................................................. 118 DET NORSKE VERITAS AS
Offshore Standard DNV-OS-C501, November 2013 Contents – Page 9 8.2 General requirements................................................................................................................... 119 8.3 Requirements when buckling resistance is determined by testing............................................... 119 8.4 Requirements when buckling is assessed by analysis.................................................................. 120 9 Displacements ........................................................................................................................................ 121 9.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 121 10 Long term static loads........................................................................................................................... 122 10.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 122 10.2 Creep............................................................................................................................................ 122 10.3 Stress relaxation........................................................................................................................... 122 10.4 Stress rupture - stress corrosion ................................................................................................... 122 11 Long term cyclic loads .......................................................................................................................... 124 11.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 124 11.2 Change of elastic properties......................................................................................................... 124 11.3 Initiation of fatigue damage......................................................................................................... 125 11.4 Growth of fatigue damage ........................................................................................................... 126 12 Impact..................................................................................................................................................... 126 12.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 126 12.2 Impact testing............................................................................................................................... 126 12.3 Evaluation after impact testing .................................................................................................... 127 13 Wear ....................................................................................................................................................... 127 13.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 127 13.2 Calculation of the wear depth ...................................................................................................... 127 13.3 Component testing ....................................................................................................................... 127 14 High / low temperature / fire................................................................................................................ 128 14.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 128 15 Resistance to explosive decompression................................................................................................ 128 15.1 Materials ...................................................................................................................................... 128 15.2 Interfaces...................................................................................................................................... 128 16 Special aspects related to sandwich structures................................................................................... 128 16.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 128 16.2 Failure of sandwich faces............................................................................................................. 128 16.3 Failure of the sandwich core........................................................................................................ 128 16.4 Failure of the sandwich skin-core interface................................................................................. 129 16.5 Buckling of sandwich structures.................................................................................................. 129 17 Chemical decomposition / galvanic corrosion .................................................................................... 129 17.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 129 18 Static electricity ..................................................................................................................................... 130 18.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 130 19 Requirements for other design criteria ............................................................................................... 130 19.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 130 Sec. 7 Joints and interfaces ....................................................................................................... 131 1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 131 1.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................. 131 1.2 Joints ............................................................................................................................................ 131 1.3 Interfaces...................................................................................................................................... 131 1.4 Thermal properties....................................................................................................................... 131 1.5 Examples...................................................................................................................................... 131 2 Joints....................................................................................................................................................... 131 2.1 Analysis and testing ..................................................................................................................... 131 2.2 Qualification of analysis method for other load conditions or joints........................................... 132 2.3 Multiple failure modes................................................................................................................. 132 2.4 Evaluation of in-service experience............................................................................................. 132 3 Specific joints......................................................................................................................................... 133 3.1 Laminated joints........................................................................................................................... 133 3.2 Adhesive Joints ............................................................................................................................ 133 3.3 Mechanical joints......................................................................................................................... 133 3.4 Joints in sandwich structures ....................................................................................................... 133 4 Interfaces................................................................................................................................................ 134 4.1 General......................................................................................................................................... 134 Sec. 8 Safety-, model- and system factors................................................................................ 135 1 Overview of the various factors used in the standard........................................................................ 135 DET NORSKE VERITAS AS
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OS-C501

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