OS-C501

Offshore Standard DNV-OS-C501, November 2013
App.B Lay-up and laminate specification – Page 213
APPENDIX B LAY-UP AND LAMINATE SPECIFICATION
B.1 Unique definition of a laminate
B.1.1
B.1.1.1 It is important to characterise a laminate in an unambiguous way. All constituent materials have to be
identified.
B.1.1.2 A composite laminate is generally made of a number of layers stacked on top of each other. These
layers can consist of complicated or simple fibre arrangements. The layers are the units that are physically
stacked in the production process.
B.1.1.3 The basic building block of a laminate is the ply (lamina). The ply is an orthotropic material and its
properties are needed for laminate analysis.
B.1.1.4 If reinforcement fabrics are not the same (e.g. a multi axial fabric), both should be identified in a
laminate.
Guidance note:
A tri-axial fabric is typically specified as one fabric layer in production. The orientation of the fabric in the laminate
is given with respect to the long axis of the fabric role. However, for laminate calculations the tri-axial fabric shall be
described as three orthotropic unidirectional plies.
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B.1.1.5 The axis of the ply co-ordinate system of each ply shall to be clearly identified.
B.1.1.6 The type of the reinforcement and the weight per area in each ply shall be given.
B.1.1.7 The stacking sequence of the laminate shall be clearly described. Each ply shall be identified and its
orientation in the laminate shall be described. Usually a laminate co-ordinate system x, y, z is chosen. The z-
axis is the through the thickness direction. The orientation of the main reinforcement direction of the plies (1-
direction) is given relative to the x-direction of the laminate.
Table B-1 Descriptions of laminates (a complete description of a laminate given as example).
Fabric type, Orientation and Ply Reinforcement * Weight Thickness Orientation Resin
Number
(mm)
Gelcoat - 0 0 None - 0.2 - Vinylester
CSM 0 1 1 CSM 400 g/m 2 0.4 isotropic Vinylester
WR 90 2 2 WR 50%/50% 800 g/m 2 0.8 0 Vinylester
CSM 0 3 3 CSM 400 g/m 2 0.4 isotropic Vinylester
CSM 0 4 4 CSM 400 g/m 2 0.4 isotropic Polyester
800/100 90 5 5 CSM 100 g/m 2 0.1 isotropic Polyester
Combimat 6 WR 50%/50% 800 g/m 2 0.8 0 Polyester
800/100 90 6 7 CSM 100 g/m 2 0.1 isotropic Polyester
Combimat 8 WR 50%/50% 800 g/m 2 0.8 90 Polyester
CSM 0 7 9 CSM 400 g/m 2 0.4 isotropic Polyester
90,+45 multiax 90 8 10 SF 400 g/m 2 0.4 0 Polyester
800 g 11 SF 200 g/m 2 0.2 +45 Polyester
12 SF 200 g/m 2 0.2 -45 Polyester
90,+45 multiax 0 9 13 SF 400 g/m 2 0.4 90 Polyester
800 g 14 SF 200 g/m 2 0.2 +45 Polyester
15 SF 200 g/m 2 0.2 -45 Polyester
multiax hybrid 90 10 16 CSM 100 g/m 2 0.1 isotropic Polyester
combi 17 SF 50%Aramid50%Glass 300 g/m 2 0.3 +45 Polyester
18 SF 50%Aramid50%Glass 300 g/m 2 0.3 -45 Polyester
multiax hybrid 90 11 19 CSM 100 g/m 2 0.1 isotropic Polyester
combi 20 SF 300 g/m 2 0.3 +45 Polyester
21 SF Aramid 400 g/m 2 0.4 0 Polyester
22 SF 300 g/m 2 0.3 -45 Polyester
Twill 90 12 23 WR 70%weft 30%warp 450 g/m 2 0.45 0 Polyester
Twill 0 13 24 WR 70%weft 30%warp 450 g/m 2 0.45 90 Polyester
Surface Ply 0 14 25 WR 50/50 Polyester 450 g/m 2 0.45 0/90 Polyester
DET NORSKE VERITAS AS