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<strong>ARTICLES</strong> Source: Combat Camera WWW.ARMY.FORCES.GC.CA/CAJ 101
CANCAP contractors are protected by the CAF and use government-furnished equipment (GFE) in support of CAF activities. In a combat zone, this places CANCAP contractors in a gray zone, and in an era of counter-insurgencies many adversaries of the CAF might not recognize CANCAP contractors as having civilian status. This reality puts Canada in a potentially litigious position in situations where a CANCAP contractor is killed or engages in combat while deployed. Indeed, CRS concludes that “contracting for support raises ‘employer-employee’ issues, including liability. For example, undesirable events involving the exposure of CANCAP contractor and sub-contractor personnel to hostile environments or the use of GFE could result in litigation against the Crown”. 27 Granted, a resolution to that situation is only partially within Canada’s control, since the evolving status of contractors is by and large an issue that calls for international dialogue. It would be prudent, however, to insert a policy in CANCAP II that clearly indicates that Canada sees military-support contractors as civilians and expects them to conduct themselves and be treated by other parties as such. Such a statement is contained in the United Kingdom’s Joint Doctrine Publication 4-00: Logistics for Joint Operations document, which states that “personnel employed under CSO arrangements remain the employees of the contractor and retain their civilian status. There are no circumstances where contractors employed by the UK will be authorised to conduct an armed role”. 28 It would be in the interests of the CAF to develop a similar policy doctrine in order to clarify the relationship between the CAF and military support contractors, to publicly define Canada’s position on the expected conduct of military support contractors and to show leadership in the global effort to rationalize the use of PMSCs. CANADA AS A CLIENT OF PMSLCS: TRAINING AND SECURITY-ORIENTED CONTRACTS As noted earlier, Canada also uses private military and security companies to train certain CAF members and to provide some DND and DFAIT staff with close protection in combat theatres. These types of ‘security-oriented’ contracts raise additional issues that are less important in the case of military support contracts. A few pertinent case studies have concluded that Canada would benefit from a more coherent policy governing its use of PMSCs for training and security purposes. Starting with the issue of training, Canada has invested in the use of PMSCs for training CAF members. In 2007, then-Minister of Defence Peter MacKay asserted that “private security firms have been used from time to time depending on the issue, depending on the type of training that is required... and we are very judicious when we enter into these contracts”. 29 While this judiciousness may be admirable, it has not prevented Canada from being caught up in some of the more controversial aspects of the private military industry. In particular, the amount that Canada has paid to Academi for military training services garnered negative media attention. Between 2005 and the end of 2010, Canada paid almost eight million dollars to Academi for various training initiatives, including the instruction of personnel from JTF-2 and CAF military police. When Academi was called Blackwater, the corporation was involved in several controversial incidences in Iraq, including a confrontation when several Blackwater employees opened fire with automatic weapons in a public area crowded with civilians, killing 17 Iraqis. That and other issues eventually led to the company becoming entangled in several legal actions with both the U.S. government and private parties and ultimately pushed the company to change its name in an apparent effort to rehabilitate its brand. The optics of 102 THE CANADIAN ARMY JOURNAL VOLUME 16.2 2016
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16.2 2016 ARTICLES No Waiting for G
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Canada’s Professional Journal On
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 138 Last Man Stan
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EDITORIAL Source: DND Colleges and
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EDITORIAL Source: Wikipedia WWW.ARM
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ARTICLES “NO WAITING FOR GEORGE
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ARTICLES Source: Library and Archiv
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ARTICLES started on an ominous note
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ARTICLES leaving the Black Watch ef
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ARTICLES In addition, flanking fire
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ARTICLES Black Watch wounded came b
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ARTICLES force in the process of cr
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ARTICLES 43. Harris Report. 44. Ben
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ARTICLES “EVERY KIND OF MACHIAVEL
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ARTICLES Colonies, Tasmania, and Ne
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ARTICLES the next day. Chamberlain
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ARTICLES The obvious culprit was Hu
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ARTICLES On 16 December, in the aft
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ARTICLES Meanwhile, Hutton, anxious
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ARTICLES Late Nineteenth Century, C
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Page 60 and 61: ARTICLES Flexibility in achieving i
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Page 66 and 67: ARTICLES The weapons platoon must b
Page 68 and 69: ARTICLES 2/5/39 Pl HQ Pl Comd (Capt
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Page 72 and 73: ARTICLES ammunition echelon and the
Page 74 and 75: ARTICLES Afghanistan mission. 17 Th
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Page 78 and 79: ARTICLES across the corps. The LAV-
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Page 82 and 83: ARTICLES Since the rifle platoon or
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Page 108 and 109: BIOGRAPHY AN AVERAGE JOE Daniel J.
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Page 114 and 115: BIOGRAPHY BIOGRAPHY Daniel J. Demer
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Page 132 and 133: BOOK REVIEWS Aliev, for his part, d
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Page 136 and 137: BOOK REVIEWS Another area where the
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BOOK REVIEWS Source: wikipedia Coas
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Jadex Papers Volu
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