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<strong>ARTICLES</strong> 85. Rawson Letter. 86. Ibid. 87. Ibid. 88. Williamson Letter. 89. Jarymowicz, The Quest for Operational Manoeuvre in the Normandy Campaign; Jarymowicz, “Der Gegangriff Vor Verrières.” 90. Williamson Letter. 91. Ibid. 92. Powell Interview. 93. Powell Interview. 94. Ibid. 95. N.A. A History of the First Hussars Regiment (London: Hunter Printing, 1951), p. 93; McNorgan, The Gallant Hussars, p. 168. By the end of the day, B Squadron was left with 7 tanks, while only 28 remained in the entire Regiment. 96. Just before Operation SPRING, Simonds introduced his battle rationale to the veterans of the 2nd Canadian Armoured Brigade and the 3rd Canadian Division: “I think you will remember General Montgomery’s remarks when he spoke to all formations prior to D-Day and said that we had the war ‘in the bag’ if we made an all-out effort. My view is that we will have the war ‘in the bag’ this summer or at least in a matter of weeks if we pursue the advantage we now hold. I cannot stress too highly what effect this all-out effort will have on the enemy and its advantages to us, particularly from the point of view of our own troops. If the war drags out, normal wastage will ensue and casualties will mount up. On the other hand, by making use of an all-out effort our casualties may be initially high, but in the long run they will be less. I think that it is safe to compare the enemy in his present situation to a boxer who is groggy on his feet, and needs but the knockout blow to finish him off. I ask all Commanders here present to put first and foremost into their minds the idea of the all-out effort. You must always remember that if you rest, so does the enemy; and the final outcome takes considerably longer. You must therefore call on your troops for this all-out effort. I want it to be absolutely clear in your minds that occasions will arise when I will make heavy demands for you at a time when your troops are tired, but the enemy is groggy. This produces great results and saves casualties. There is always a tendency on our part to look at our troops after a particularly stiff engagement and consider them tired without appreciating, at the same time that the enemy is more so… Operational Points—First we must have the Offensive Spirit. This is absolutely essential, and the drive must always come from the top… If a commander finds himself up against stiff opposition he must keep finding a way to break through the enemy. It is fatal to stop. He must never sit down. He must always be doing something. Secondly, once you are committed to an offensive operation there is no holding your hand, regardless of casualties. As a Commander you must consider at the outset whether the losses incurred are going to be worth the final assault. You must determine where these losses are going to be the minimum you can afford in relation to the value of the objective. We can’t fight the Boche without incurring casualties and every soldier must know this. My point of view is that if I can’t embark upon an operation to take a certain feature, for example, unless it will be useful to me later, the operation is not worthwhile and I call it off with 50% casualties incurred, then I have achieved nothing but a waste of lives; if I continue, and incur a further 20% casualties and bring the operation to a successful conclusion, then the operation is worthwhile. I speak of casualties in grossly exaggerated figures. In no operations yet have I participated where casualties were not between 15% and 25%, and even at that, 25% is still a grossly exaggerated figure.” LAC, RG24 Vol. 17, 506. Report on the Address by Lt. Gen. G.G. Simonds, CBE, DSO, GOC 2nd Cdn Corps, to Officers of 3 Cdn Inf Div and 2nd Cdn Armd Bde at the Chateau near Cairon by Major A.T. Sesia. 97. LAC RG24 Vol. 9879 Traversy, Capt. V.E. Battle Experience Questionnaire. 98. PRO, WO171/376, Guards Armoured Division Intsum No 14 2000 July 23 1944. One of the crucial problems with SPRING was that Simonds expected the British 12th Corps to successfully clear the heights on the west bank or at least dominate them with fire as SPRING developed. 99. Jarymowicz, The Quest for Operational; Jarymowicz “Der Gegangriff Vor Verrières”. 100. The final casualty toll for Operation SPRING (not confirmed until over a decade later) was 1,634 total casualties of all ranks: 475 fatalities, 1,011 wounded and 148 taken prisoner. The Black Watch suffered 307 casualties: 118 were fatalities and the rest were wounded, missing or POWs. LAC, RG24, Vol. 18, 826, Statistic and Explanations 11 December 1956. WWW.ARMY.FORCES.GC.CA/CAJ 29
Sir Edward Thomas Henry Hutton (1848–1923) Source: www.bwm.org.au 30 THE CANADIAN ARMY JOURNAL VOLUME 16.2 2016
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