ARTICLES

Source: Toronto Public Library - Toronto Star - Innell, Reg
Anti–Vietnam War placards surround Toronto’s war memorial in 1969
Canada–US relations regarding resisters. 10 A second limitation is the curious lack of
information about the war. The reduction in the numbers of American immigrants arriving in
1971 is explained by “rising unemployment in Canada and the evolving antiwar mood in the
United States”; no reference is made to the withdrawal of US forces from Vietnam or their exit
in early 1973. 11
Nevertheless, there is much very worthwhile information in this book. Of particular interest
is the multi-disciplinary approach, which is effective in portraying the origins and internal
debates of the many groups that made up this diverse movement. The work will be of interest
to researchers studying all aspects of this period.
ENDNOTES
1. John Hagan, Northern Passage: American Vietnam War Resisters in Canada (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001);
David Churchill, “An Ambiguous Welcome: Vietnam Draft Resistance, the Canadian State and Cold War Containment,”
Social History / Histoire sociale 27, 73 (2004), 1–26.
2. Squires, Building Sanctuary, pp. vii–viii. On other groups, see Douglas Ross, In the Interests of Peace: Canada and Vietnam,
1954–1973 (Toronto: UTP, 1984).
3. Squires, Sanctuary, quote on viii. Other information on 20–47, 185.
4. Squires, Sanctuary, 69–71, 83, 185.
5. Squires, Sanctuary, 155, also 143–75.
6. Squires, Sanctuary, 106, also 71, 82–83.
7. Squires, Sanctuary, quotes on 2, 231, stats on 228.
8. Squires, Sanctuary, 113.
9. Squires, Sanctuary, 15.
10. See Fred Gaffen, Unknown Warriors: Canadians in Vietnam (Toronto: Dundurn, 1990); The Canadian Vietnam Veterans
Memorial Association uses 40,000 in their publications.
11. Squires, Sanctuary, 202 and 209 refers to activities in 1973.
144 THE CANADIAN ARMY JOURNAL VOLUME 16.2 2016