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Command Post during Operation NANOOK,<br />
the Canadian Army Sovereignty Operation<br />
• Support civilian authorities during a crisis in Canada such as a natural disaster.<br />
• Lead and/or conduct a major international operation for an extended period.<br />
• Deploy forces in response to crises elsewhere in the world. 4<br />
A significant focus for the Government of Canada, then, is on domestic operations (hence the<br />
naming of the Defence Strategy “Canada First”) and is reflected within the planning for the<br />
Army of Tomorrow. While expeditionary missions are often complex and difficult, there is<br />
recognition that domestic operations “are typically done well using capability designed for<br />
international operations and war fighting.” 5 The Army then seeks to balance its international<br />
and domestic priorities in a way that reflects both as being of more or less equal importance<br />
through its capability development process.<br />
When the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq were at their heights, the 61st Canada–United<br />
States Geospatial and Imagery Working Group in 2008 in Washington, DC, proposed that<br />
human terrain mapping (HTM) should be examined in the context of North American<br />
domestic operations. 6 The conclusion of Canada’s combat mission in Afghanistan and the<br />
paring down of its contribution to that theatre of operations presents a window of opportunity<br />
118 THE CANADIAN ARMY JOURNAL VOLUME 16.2 2016
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