AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016

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CHAPTER 10 Achieving Food Security and Nutrition AUTHORS Tshilidzi Madzivhandila Simbarashe Sibanda Farai Alice Gwelo Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources Policy Analysis Network Augustin Wambo Yamdjeu Kefilwe Moalosi New Partnership For Africa’s Development AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016 231
KEY MESSAGES ONE The poverty rate and prevalence of undernourishment declined in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) between 1990–1992 and 2014–2016. However, the total number of undernourished people continues to increase with an estimated 217.8 million in 2014–2016 compared to 175.7 million in 1990–1992. TWO To realize CAADP goals and objectives and the Malabo Declaration targets, high level leadership and good governance are required, besides political commitment, to translate government policies and strategies into concrete actions. THREE There is a need to adopt an integrated approach—which comprises sustained implementation of a mix of complementary and comprehensive food security and nutrition policies and programs—to effectively impact hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in SSA. FOUR Lessons for improving nutrition through agriculture include: efficient and effective production of diversified, highly nutritious and (bio)fortified foods; enhancing value chains to improve nutritional quality and food safety; effective participation of all stakeholders; involvement of the private sector in strengthening linkages within agricultural supply chains; setting up effective accountability systems; and better policies and investments. 232 AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016
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AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 20
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FOREWORD Over the last decade, mill
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Africa Agricul
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ACRONYMS Africa Lead AAS AASR AATIF
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FMARD FSN FTF GACSA GAFSP GAIN GART
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SAKSS SBCC SCARDA SCM SDG SDI SI SM
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Introduction For decades, observers
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and changing food diets associated
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Table 1.2: Population growth of sel
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Figure 1.4: Changes in annual agric
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already occurring (Headey & Jayne,
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lease of customary land without the
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Hence, the pattern of trade illustr
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Table 1.4: Changes in farm structur
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of the pathway to food and nutritio
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Jayne, T. S., Chamberlin, J., Traub
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KEY MESSAGES ONE CAADP is an unpara
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Figure 2.1.Overview of the CAADP Im
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level. The success of ReSAKSS is be
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agricultural potential, alternative
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Table 2.1: Trends in selected CAADP
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poverty fell faster during this per
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expenditure (research, extension, i
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Table 2.4. Average annual change in
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captures the individual pathways of
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MA also has to be underpinned by lo
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References African Union. (2014). M
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Meenakshi, J.V., Johnson, N.L., Man
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KEY MESSAGES ONE TWO THREE FOUR Afr
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GDP declined by 1.4 percent in 2009
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from political violence, terrorism,
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interpretation is implied, this obs
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Differences in the African pattern
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Table 3.5: Trends in types of emplo
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that would likely affect the contri
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c. Concentration of farm structure
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a. Invest in education to upgrade t
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These could include policy measures
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References African Center for Econo
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Giller, K. E., Rowe, E. C., de Ridd
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Ndung’u, N. S. (2016). Viewpoint:
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World Bank. (2015). World developme
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KEY MESSAGES ONE Although sustainab
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BOX 4.1: Components of Sustainable
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of the world. These authors also re
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Further, Locatelli et al. (2008) ha
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Climate and Weather Variability The
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Resilience of livelihoods is determ
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While acknowledging successes of SI
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Entry Points For Sustainable Intens
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BOX 4.4: The CSA Compendium: A scie
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Successful interventions include fo
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Open data combined with agricultura
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According to Tshibaka (2014), evide
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References Abdulai, A., & Delgado,
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Enfors, E. (2013). Social-ecologica
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Lipper, L., Thornton, P., Campbell,
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Toulmin, C., Leonard, R., Brock, K.
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KEY MESSAGES ONE In SSA, sustainabl
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Figure 5.1: Poverty traps framework
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Cereal Yield/Kilogram Per Hectare F
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Table 5.2: Correlation between fact
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Table 5.3: Farmer use of improved i
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Figure 5.9: Agricultural research s
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association is found for cereal out
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AGRA’s Experience The observation
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Increase access to affordable crop
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Sheahan, M., & Barrett, C. B. (2014
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KEY MESSAGES ONE Smallholder farmer
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transformation in Africa. The achie
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from agribusiness actors to smallho
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season, maize prices could be 270 p
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critical challenges and the solutio
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Limited access and high cost of acc
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of onion production in northern Gha
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Conclusions This chapter presents t
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Collins, D., Morduch, ,. J., Ruther
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Minot, N. (2014). Food price volati
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Weatherspoon, D. D., & Reardon, T.
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KEY MESSAGES ONE Access to finance
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esources into agriculture. This in
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Table 7.1: Indicative investments t
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technical knowledge about products.
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continue to experience inadequate a
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Box 7.1: GAFSP: Country Examples Rw
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Private Equity Association, total p
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drawing down assets, and 25 percent
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equires: recognition of the critica
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Policy Recommendations This review
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Meyer, R. L. (2015, March). Financi
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KEY MESSAGES ONE The African contin
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Figure 8.1: Mobile phone based serv
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high input costs, and a disconnecte
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available through less high-tech de
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Figure 8.4: Kenya leads the pack fo
Page 193 and 194: years and higher quality seeds are
Page 195 and 196: CASE STUDY FieldLook South Sudan in
Page 197 and 198: Rationale behind rapid adoption •
Page 199 and 200: CASE STUDY Eastern Africa Farmer Fe
Page 201 and 202: many others have none or have strin
Page 203 and 204: the strategic adoption of ICT with
Page 205 and 206: To address constraints to improving
Page 207 and 208: References Accenture. (2015). Digit
Page 209 and 210: Gustafson, S. (27.1.2016). The Digi
Page 211 and 212: Wolfenson K. D. (2013). Coping with
Page 213 and 214: KEY MESSAGES ONE A guided evolution
Page 215 and 216: een registered over the last decade
Page 217 and 218: the AIS paradigm at policy and prog
Page 219 and 220: Box 9.2: Rwanda - A Phoenix Rising
Page 221 and 222: other supportive partners (tertiary
Page 223 and 224: Table 9.2: SSA AR4D funding through
Page 225 and 226: (e.g., NARIs, universities, NGOs, F
Page 227 and 228: Table 9.3: Number of extension agen
Page 229 and 230: the whole farm whereas the field sc
Page 231 and 232: approach, organizational or system
Page 233 and 234: CASE STUDY Regional Universities Fo
Page 235 and 236: CASE STUDY African Network for Agri
Page 237 and 238: CASE STUDY FAO—Tropical Agricultu
Page 239 and 240: Bizimana, C. (2014). Rwanda’s Ach
Page 241 and 242: Rwanda. Retrieved from http://www.m
Page 243: World Bank. (2007). Project Apprais
Page 247 and 248: Table 10.1: Number of undernourishe
Page 249 and 250: Figure 10.6: Stunting in children u
Page 251 and 252: Why single out nutrition matters? A
Page 253 and 254: BOX 10.1: The 7 Malabo Declaration
Page 255 and 256: Reducing post-harvest losses FAO es
Page 257 and 258: BOX 10.4: Growing trend towards a m
Page 259 and 260: References African Union. (2015). T
Page 261 and 262: Schmidt, R. H., & Rodrick, G. E. (2
Page 263 and 264: “Africa is simply tired of being
Page 265 and 266: 2025, tripling intra-African trade,
Page 267 and 268: towards agricultural transformation
Page 269 and 270: While agricultural research generat
Page 271 and 272: 258 AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPOR
Page 273 and 274: Technical Notes The following conve
Page 275 and 276: Madagascar 72.6 72.3 72.1 71.8 71.2
Page 277 and 278: Madagascar 2.81 -15.28 6.54 2.19 1.
Page 279 and 280: Madagascar 351.1 337.2 332.9 323.7
Page 281 and 282: Madagascar 2,020 1,967 2,202 2,354
Page 283 and 284: Madagascar 86.0 84.2 87.3 91.8 103.
Page 285 and 286: Mali .. .. 52.0 15.7 17.5 31.1 22.5
Page 287 and 288: Madagascar -0.0053 -0.0075 0.0073 -
Page 289 and 290: Malawi 401.9 405.1 437.2 438.9 511.
Page 291 and 292: Madagascar 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6
Page 293 and 294: Madagascar 0.9 1.0 1.6 1.9 2.8 5.6
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Liberia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
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Liberia 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.5
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AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016

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