AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016

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Total Factor Productivity (Average Annual) 1961-70 1971-80 1981-90 1991-00 2001-10 2001-12 2003-12 1971-1990 1991-2010 1971-2010 1961-2010 1961-2012 Angola -0.0193 -0.0472 -0.0036 0.0337 0.0434 0.0436 0.0462 -0.0258 0.0353 0.0099 -0.0011 0.0015 Benin -0.0136 0.0174 0.0222 0.0160 0.0073 0.0012 -0.0205 0.0101 0.0214 0.0166 0.0126 0.0127 Botswana 0.0200 -0.0185 0.0011 -0.0451 0.0098 0.0128 0.0116 -0.0002 -0.0098 -0.0025 -0.0024 -0.0019 Burkina Faso -0.0075 -0.0086 0.0169 0.0114 -0.0198 -0.0132 0.0006 0.0056 0.0069 0.0097 0.0044 0.0045 Burundi -0.0157 -0.0153 0.0024 -0.0024 -0.0240 -0.0278 -0.0373 -0.0009 -0.0018 -0.0009 -0.0046 -0.0048 Cameroon -0.0002 -0.0148 0.0087 0.0086 0.0446 0.0404 0.0428 -0.0025 0.0212 0.0099 0.0071 0.0081 Cape Verde 0.0000 -0.0096 -0.0024 0.0481 0.0040 0.0061 0.0020 0.0049 0.0323 0.0141 0.0098 0.0098 Central African Republic -0.0141 -0.0015 0.0166 0.0160 0.0051 0.0080 0.0101 0.0028 0.0066 0.0087 0.0052 0.0054 Chad -0.0184 0.0082 0.0077 0.0013 -0.0060 -0.0035 -0.0037 0.0081 -0.0023 0.0024 -0.0008 -0.0005 Comoros 0.0002 -0.0023 0.0128 -0.0201 0.0041 0.0047 0.0033 0.0019 -0.0064 0.0014 0.0014 0.0014 Congo -0.0092 0.0139 0.0007 0.0105 0.0093 -0.0008 -0.0112 0.0015 0.0156 0.0067 0.0031 0.0035 Congo, DR -0.0127 -0.0050 0.0058 -0.0025 -0.0067 -0.0047 -0.0066 0.0036 -0.0039 0.0002 -0.0019 -0.0021 Côte d’Ivoire 0.0009 -0.0020 0.0054 0.0199 -0.0026 0.0023 0.0061 0.0030 0.0089 0.0074 0.0061 0.0059 Djibouti 0.0175 -0.0541 0.0286 -0.0210 0.0456 0.0334 0.0290 0.0295 0.0189 0.0116 0.0107 0.0103 Equatorial Guinea -0.0200 -0.0406 0.0058 0.0000 0.0206 0.0202 0.0208 -0.0099 0.0111 0.0032 -0.0083 -0.0069 Ethiopia -0.0125 0.0110 -0.0120 -0.0037 0.0212 0.0201 0.0167 0.0025 0.0134 0.0018 -0.0005 0.0007 Gabon -0.0065 -0.0237 -0.0061 0.0148 0.0059 0.0065 0.0119 -0.0124 0.0022 0.0003 -0.0046 -0.0044 Gambia -0.0056 -0.0400 -0.0206 0.0066 -0.0177 -0.0098 -0.0011 -0.0255 -0.0031 -0.0152 -0.0180 -0.0172 Ghana -0.0091 -0.0348 0.0374 0.0185 0.0107 0.0133 0.0170 -0.0020 0.0097 0.0147 0.0065 0.0074 Guinea 0.0009 0.0065 0.0093 -0.0172 -0.0028 -0.0060 -0.0080 0.0094 -0.0017 -0.0004 0.0016 0.0015 Guinea-Bissau -0.0261 -0.0051 0.0333 0.0014 0.0202 0.0197 0.0186 0.0087 0.0074 0.0098 0.0049 0.0055 Kenya -0.0024 0.0162 0.0062 0.0049 0.0093 0.0036 -0.0030 0.0119 0.0130 0.0104 0.0100 0.0098 Lesotho -0.0007 0.0061 -0.0116 0.0035 0.0084 0.0156 0.0166 -0.0028 -0.0032 -0.0007 -0.0008 -0.0006 Liberia -0.0106 -0.0109 -0.0053 0.0109 -0.0219 -0.0233 -0.0266 -0.0033 0.0029 -0.0074 -0.0076 -0.0078 AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016 273
Madagascar -0.0053 -0.0075 0.0073 -0.0011 0.0116 0.0111 0.0114 -0.0022 0.0085 0.0029 0.0028 0.0032 Malawi 0.0011 0.0078 -0.0040 0.0476 0.0212 0.0207 0.0266 -0.0014 0.0274 0.0132 0.0101 0.0111 Mali -0.0138 0.0182 0.0130 0.0144 0.0266 0.0170 0.0189 0.0119 0.0124 0.0096 0.0073 0.0076 Mauritania -0.0050 0.0032 -0.0107 0.0026 0.0058 0.0116 0.0146 0.0036 0.0042 0.0002 -0.0012 -0.0007 Mauritius 0.0102 -0.0019 -0.0046 -0.0058 -0.0014 -0.0007 -0.0028 -0.0077 0.0002 -0.0052 -0.0025 -0.0027 Mozambique 0.0027 -0.0303 0.0095 0.0304 0.0082 0.0148 0.0164 -0.0147 0.0153 0.0023 -0.0016 -0.0001 Namibia 0.0235 -0.0216 -0.0076 -0.0209 0.0047 -0.0048 -0.0112 -0.0159 -0.0060 -0.0101 -0.0061 -0.0063 Niger -0.0201 -0.0025 0.0038 0.0207 0.0188 0.0115 0.0038 -0.0078 0.0211 0.0073 -0.0004 0.0004 Nigeria -0.0101 -0.0269 0.0167 0.0260 -0.0010 -0.0041 -0.0084 -0.0049 0.0140 0.0141 0.0062 0.0062 Réunion (France) -0.0013 0.0129 0.0293 0.0245 0.0086 0.0126 0.0169 0.0138 0.0147 0.0182 0.0147 0.0148 Rwanda 0.0083 0.0223 -0.0052 0.0085 0.0177 0.0276 0.0433 0.0053 0.0027 0.0008 0.0022 0.0035 Sao Tome and Principe 0.0063 -0.0453 -0.0122 0.0553 -0.0051 -0.0053 -0.0046 -0.0299 0.0160 0.0013 -0.0039 -0.0032 Senegal -0.0319 -0.0036 0.0104 -0.0044 0.0156 0.0147 0.0143 0.0017 0.0046 -0.0007 -0.0036 -0.0029 Seychelles -0.0135 -0.0123 0.0117 0.0136 0.0054 0.0102 0.0191 -0.0028 0.0036 0.0034 -0.0041 -0.0037 Sierra Leone -0.0066 -0.0049 0.0002 0.0121 0.0325 0.0345 0.0402 -0.0014 0.0248 0.0029 0.0007 0.0025 Somalia 0.0011 0.0124 -0.0015 0.0169 0.0100 0.0171 0.0214 -0.0018 0.0097 0.0051 0.0044 0.0047 South Africa -0.0112 0.0095 0.0297 0.0301 0.0280 0.0262 0.0249 0.0125 0.0326 0.0225 0.0166 0.0170 Sudan -0.0105 0.0100 0.0032 0.0281 0.0061 0.0049 0.0007 -0.0011 0.0214 0.0095 0.0057 0.0057 Swaziland 0.0283 0.0230 0.0019 -0.0065 0.0116 0.0090 0.0089 0.0222 0.0093 0.0108 0.0159 0.0153 Tanzania -0.0054 0.0042 0.0060 0.0014 0.0132 0.0138 0.0199 0.0078 0.0045 0.0049 0.0037 0.0043 Togo -0.0081 -0.0175 -0.0246 0.0066 0.0194 0.0060 0.0045 -0.0179 0.0066 0.0004 -0.0027 -0.0025 Uganda 0.0231 0.0020 0.0161 -0.0019 -0.0219 -0.0217 -0.0250 0.0026 -0.0091 -0.0035 0.0012 0.0007 Zambia 0.0065 0.0118 0.0091 0.0105 0.0428 0.0416 0.0426 0.0049 0.0272 0.0127 0.0104 0.0119 Zimbabwe 0.0075 0.0093 0.0087 0.0097 -0.0119 -0.0066 -0.0053 0.0016 -0.0009 0.0017 0.0034 0.0029 Source: Economic Research Service, Washington DC 274 AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016
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AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 20
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FOREWORD Over the last decade, mill
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Africa Agricul
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ACRONYMS Africa Lead AAS AASR AATIF
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FMARD FSN FTF GACSA GAFSP GAIN GART
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SAKSS SBCC SCARDA SCM SDG SDI SI SM
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Introduction For decades, observers
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and changing food diets associated
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Table 1.2: Population growth of sel
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Figure 1.4: Changes in annual agric
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already occurring (Headey & Jayne,
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lease of customary land without the
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Hence, the pattern of trade illustr
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Table 1.4: Changes in farm structur
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of the pathway to food and nutritio
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Jayne, T. S., Chamberlin, J., Traub
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KEY MESSAGES ONE CAADP is an unpara
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Figure 2.1.Overview of the CAADP Im
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level. The success of ReSAKSS is be
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agricultural potential, alternative
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Table 2.1: Trends in selected CAADP
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poverty fell faster during this per
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expenditure (research, extension, i
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Table 2.4. Average annual change in
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captures the individual pathways of
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MA also has to be underpinned by lo
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References African Union. (2014). M
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Meenakshi, J.V., Johnson, N.L., Man
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KEY MESSAGES ONE TWO THREE FOUR Afr
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GDP declined by 1.4 percent in 2009
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from political violence, terrorism,
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interpretation is implied, this obs
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Differences in the African pattern
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Table 3.5: Trends in types of emplo
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that would likely affect the contri
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c. Concentration of farm structure
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a. Invest in education to upgrade t
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These could include policy measures
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References African Center for Econo
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Giller, K. E., Rowe, E. C., de Ridd
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Ndung’u, N. S. (2016). Viewpoint:
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World Bank. (2015). World developme
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KEY MESSAGES ONE Although sustainab
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BOX 4.1: Components of Sustainable
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of the world. These authors also re
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Further, Locatelli et al. (2008) ha
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Climate and Weather Variability The
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Resilience of livelihoods is determ
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While acknowledging successes of SI
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Entry Points For Sustainable Intens
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BOX 4.4: The CSA Compendium: A scie
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Successful interventions include fo
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Open data combined with agricultura
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According to Tshibaka (2014), evide
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References Abdulai, A., & Delgado,
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Enfors, E. (2013). Social-ecologica
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Lipper, L., Thornton, P., Campbell,
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Toulmin, C., Leonard, R., Brock, K.
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KEY MESSAGES ONE In SSA, sustainabl
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Figure 5.1: Poverty traps framework
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Cereal Yield/Kilogram Per Hectare F
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Table 5.2: Correlation between fact
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Table 5.3: Farmer use of improved i
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Figure 5.9: Agricultural research s
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association is found for cereal out
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AGRA’s Experience The observation
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Increase access to affordable crop
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Sheahan, M., & Barrett, C. B. (2014
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KEY MESSAGES ONE Smallholder farmer
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transformation in Africa. The achie
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from agribusiness actors to smallho
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season, maize prices could be 270 p
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critical challenges and the solutio
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Limited access and high cost of acc
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of onion production in northern Gha
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Conclusions This chapter presents t
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Collins, D., Morduch, ,. J., Ruther
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Minot, N. (2014). Food price volati
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Weatherspoon, D. D., & Reardon, T.
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KEY MESSAGES ONE Access to finance
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esources into agriculture. This in
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Table 7.1: Indicative investments t
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technical knowledge about products.
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continue to experience inadequate a
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Box 7.1: GAFSP: Country Examples Rw
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Private Equity Association, total p
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drawing down assets, and 25 percent
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equires: recognition of the critica
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Policy Recommendations This review
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Meyer, R. L. (2015, March). Financi
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KEY MESSAGES ONE The African contin
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Figure 8.1: Mobile phone based serv
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high input costs, and a disconnecte
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available through less high-tech de
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Figure 8.4: Kenya leads the pack fo
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years and higher quality seeds are
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CASE STUDY FieldLook South Sudan in
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Rationale behind rapid adoption •
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CASE STUDY Eastern Africa Farmer Fe
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many others have none or have strin
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the strategic adoption of ICT with
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To address constraints to improving
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References Accenture. (2015). Digit
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Gustafson, S. (27.1.2016). The Digi
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Wolfenson K. D. (2013). Coping with
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KEY MESSAGES ONE A guided evolution
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een registered over the last decade
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the AIS paradigm at policy and prog
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Box 9.2: Rwanda - A Phoenix Rising
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other supportive partners (tertiary
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Table 9.2: SSA AR4D funding through
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(e.g., NARIs, universities, NGOs, F
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Table 9.3: Number of extension agen
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the whole farm whereas the field sc
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approach, organizational or system
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CASE STUDY Regional Universities Fo
Page 235 and 236: CASE STUDY African Network for Agri
Page 237 and 238: CASE STUDY FAO—Tropical Agricultu
Page 239 and 240: Bizimana, C. (2014). Rwanda’s Ach
Page 241 and 242: Rwanda. Retrieved from http://www.m
Page 243 and 244: World Bank. (2007). Project Apprais
Page 245 and 246: KEY MESSAGES ONE The poverty rate a
Page 247 and 248: Table 10.1: Number of undernourishe
Page 249 and 250: Figure 10.6: Stunting in children u
Page 251 and 252: Why single out nutrition matters? A
Page 253 and 254: BOX 10.1: The 7 Malabo Declaration
Page 255 and 256: Reducing post-harvest losses FAO es
Page 257 and 258: BOX 10.4: Growing trend towards a m
Page 259 and 260: References African Union. (2015). T
Page 261 and 262: Schmidt, R. H., & Rodrick, G. E. (2
Page 263 and 264: “Africa is simply tired of being
Page 265 and 266: 2025, tripling intra-African trade,
Page 267 and 268: towards agricultural transformation
Page 269 and 270: While agricultural research generat
Page 271 and 272: 258 AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPOR
Page 273 and 274: Technical Notes The following conve
Page 275 and 276: Madagascar 72.6 72.3 72.1 71.8 71.2
Page 277 and 278: Madagascar 2.81 -15.28 6.54 2.19 1.
Page 279 and 280: Madagascar 351.1 337.2 332.9 323.7
Page 281 and 282: Madagascar 2,020 1,967 2,202 2,354
Page 283 and 284: Madagascar 86.0 84.2 87.3 91.8 103.
Page 285: Mali .. .. 52.0 15.7 17.5 31.1 22.5
Page 289 and 290: Malawi 401.9 405.1 437.2 438.9 511.
Page 291 and 292: Madagascar 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6
Page 293 and 294: Madagascar 0.9 1.0 1.6 1.9 2.8 5.6
Page 295 and 296: Liberia .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
Page 297: Liberia 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.5
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AFRICA AGRICULTURE STATUS REPORT 2016

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