Malawi 2015-16

Recommendations

Info

LA LAM LLIN LPG MAD MDHS MICS PPHC MMR MTCT NAC NAR NMCP NSO NSP ORS ORT PCV PHIA PMTCT PRMR PSU RHF RUFT RV SD SDM SE SEA SP STD STI TB TFR UNAIDS UNFPA UNICEF USAID VAD VIP VMMC WHO lumefantrine-artemether lactational amenorrhoea method long-lasting insecticidal net liquid petroleum gas minimum acceptable diet Malawi Demographic and Health Surveys Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys Malawi population and housing census maternal mortality ratio mother-to-child transmission National Aids Commission net attendance ratio National Malaria Control Programme National Statistical Office National HIV and AIDS Strategic Plan oral rehydration salts oral rehydration therapy pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Population-based HIV Impact Assessment prevention of mother-to-child transmission pregnancy-related mortality ratio primary sampling unit recommended home fluids ready-to-use therapeutic food rotavirus vaccine standard deviation standard days method standard error standard enumeration area Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamin sexually-transmitted disease sexually transmitted infection tuberculosis total fertility rate United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS United Nations Population Fund United Nations Children’s Fund United States Agency for International Development vitamin A deficiency ventilated improved pit voluntary medical male circumcision World Health Organization xxiv • Acronyms and Abbreviations
READING AND UNDERSTANDING THE 2015-16 MALAWI DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY (MDHS) T he 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) report is very similar in content to the 2010 MDHS but is presented in a new format. The new style features more figures to highlight trends, subnational patterns, and background characteristics. The text has been simplified to highlight key points in bullets and to clearly identify indicator definitions in boxes. The tables in this report are located at the end of each chapter instead of being imbedded in the chapter text. While the text and figures featured in each chapter highlight some of the most important findings from the tables, not every finding can be discussed or displayed graphically. For this reason, data users should be comfortable reading and interpreting tables. The following pages provide an introduction to the organization of MDHS tables, the presentation of background characteristics, and a brief summary of sampling and understanding denominators. In addition, this section provides some exercises for users as they practice their new skills in interpreting MDHS tables. Reading and Understanding the 2015-16 MDHS • xxv
Page 1: Malawi Demographic and Health Surve
Page 4 and 5: The 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and
Page 6 and 7: 4.3 Age at First Marriage .........
Page 8 and 9: 13.9.1 Knowledge ..................
Page 11 and 12: TABLES AND FIGURES 1 INTRODUCTION A
Page 13 and 14: 6 FERTILITY PREFERENCES ...........
Page 15 and 16: 11 NUTRITION OF CHILDREN AND WOMEN
Page 17 and 18: Figure 14.1 HIV prevalence by age .
Page 19 and 20: Table A-3.8.1 Type of earnings: Wom
Page 21 and 22: Table A-16.9.1 Women’s participat
Page 23: FOREWORD T he 2016-16 Malawi Demogr
Page 28 and 29: Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media:
Page 30 and 31: Example 2: Prevalence and Treatment
Page 32 and 33: Example 3: Understanding Sampling W
Page 34 and 35: xxxii • Map of Malawi
Page 36 and 37: The information collected in the 20
Page 38 and 39: ecorded on the Biomarker Questionna
Page 40 and 41: 1.5 PRETEST The pretest for the 201
Page 43 and 44: HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS AND 2 HOUSE
Page 45 and 46: About half of Malawian households (
Page 47 and 48: A total of 117,177 individuals stay
Page 49 and 50: Patterns by background characterist
Page 51 and 52: school. The attendance rate decline
Page 53 and 54: Table 2.3 Household sanitation faci
Page 55 and 56: Table 2.5 Wealth quintiles Percent
Page 57 and 58: Table 2.9 Household composition Per
Page 59 and 60: Table 2.11 Children’s living arra
Page 61 and 62: Table 2.12.2 Educational attainment
Page 63 and 64: Table 2.14.1 Child functioning and
Page 65 and 66: CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS 3 Ke
Page 67 and 68: • Women and men living in urban a
Page 69 and 70: Women and men are most commonly emp
Page 71 and 72: Table 3.1 Background characteristic
Page 73 and 74: Table 3.3.1 Literacy: Women Percent
Page 75 and 76: Table 3.5.1 Internet usage: Women P
Page 77 and 78:
Table 3.6.1 Employment status: Wome
Page 79 and 80:
Table 3.7.1 Occupation: Women Perce
Page 81 and 82:
Table 3.8 Type of employment: Women
Page 83 and 84:
Table 3.10.1 Tobacco smoking: Women
Page 85 and 86:
Table 3.11 Average number of cigare
Page 87:
Table 3.13.2 Knowledge and attitude
Page 90 and 91:
Figure 4.1 Marital status Percent d
Page 92 and 93:
marriage. The median age at first i
Page 94 and 95:
Table 4.1 Current marital status Pe
Page 96 and 97:
Table 4.3 Age at first marriage Per
Page 98 and 99:
Table 4.5 Age at first sexual inter
Page 100 and 101:
Table 4.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
Page 103 and 104:
FERTILITY 5 Key Findings Total
Page 105 and 106:
5.3 BIRTH INTERVALS Median birth in
Page 107 and 108:
5.5 AGE AT FIRST BIRTH Median age a
Page 109 and 110:
LIST OF TABLES For more information
Page 111 and 112:
Table 5.3.1 Trends in age-specific
Page 113 and 114:
Table 5.6 Postpartum amenorrhea, ab
Page 115:
Table 5.10 Median age at first birt
Page 118 and 119:
Trends: The percentage of currently
Page 120 and 121:
Trends: Since 1992, the proportion
Page 122 and 123:
Table 6.1 Fertility preferences by
Page 124 and 125:
Table 6.3 Ideal number of children
Page 126 and 127:
Table 6.5 Fertility planning status
Page 128 and 129:
Overall, the contraceptive prevalen
Page 130 and 131:
Nearly 8 in 10 (79%) of all modern
Page 132 and 133:
Seventy-eight percent of currently
Page 134 and 135:
the survey (Table 7.16). Ten percen
Page 136 and 137:
Table 7.3 Current use of contracept
Page 138 and 139:
Table 7.7 Informed choice Among cur
Page 140 and 141:
Table 7.12.1 Need and demand for fa
Page 142 and 143:
Table 7.13 Decision-making about fa
Page 144 and 145:
Table 7.16 Contact of nonusers with
Page 146 and 147:
• Any method of measuring childho
Page 148 and 149:
Patterns by background characterist
Page 150 and 151:
Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
Page 152 and 153:
Table 8.5 High-risk fertility behav
Page 154 and 155:
9.1 ANTENATAL CARE COVERAGE AND CON
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Trends: Since 1992, the rates of C-
Page 160 and 161:
9.7 PROBLEMS IN ACCESSING HEALTH CA
Page 162 and 163:
Table 9.3 Components of antenatal c
Page 164 and 165:
Table 9.5 Place of delivery Percent
Page 166 and 167:
Table 9.7 Caesarean section Percent
Page 168 and 169:
Table 9.10 Type of provider of firs
Page 170 and 171:
Table 9.12 Type of provider of firs
Page 172 and 173:
Table 9.14 Pregnancy outcomes Perce
Page 174 and 175:
Table 9.16 Problems in accessing he
Page 176 and 177:
childhood death. In the 2015-16 MDH
Page 178 and 179:
• Vaccination coverage generally
Page 180 and 181:
of giving the same or more food to
Page 182 and 183:
Table 10.1 Child’s size and weigh
Page 184 and 185:
Table 10.3 Vaccinations by backgrou
Page 186 and 187:
Table 10.5 Prevalence and treatment
Page 188 and 189:
Table 10.7 Prevalence and treatment
Page 190 and 191:
Table 10.9 Oral rehydration therapy
Page 192 and 193:
Table 10.11 Disposal of children’
Page 194 and 195:
which the baby’s weight to be dis
Page 196 and 197:
11.2 INFANT AND YOUNG CHILD FEEDING
Page 198 and 199:
have shown that plant-based complem
Page 200 and 201:
11.3 ANAEMIA PREVALENCE IN CHILDREN
Page 202 and 203:
Information on BMI is presented in
Page 204 and 205:
Table 11.1 Nutritional status of ch
Page 206 and 207:
Table 11.3 Breastfeeding status acc
Page 208 and 209:
Table 11.5 Foods and liquids consum
Page 210 and 211:
Table 11.7 Prevalence of anaemia in
Page 212 and 213:
Table 11.9 Micronutrient intake amo
Page 214 and 215:
Table 11.11 Nutritional status of w
Page 216 and 217:
Table 11.13 Micronutrient intake am
Page 218 and 219:
The ownership and use of both treat
Page 220 and 221:
12.3 HOUSEHOLD ACCESS AND USE OF IT
Page 222 and 223:
SP during routine ANC visits. Follo
Page 224 and 225:
Trends: The percentage of children
Page 226 and 227:
Table 12.3 Indoor residual spraying
Page 228 and 229:
Table 12.7 Use of existing ITNs Per
Page 230 and 231:
Table 12.11 Prevalence, diagnosis,
Page 232 and 233:
Table 12.13 Type of antimalarial dr
Page 235 and 236:
HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, 13 ATTI
Page 237 and 238:
avoid getting HIV; 64% of women and
Page 239 and 240:
Only 1% of all women reported havin
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Forty-two percent of women and 41%
Page 245 and 246:
13.9.3 Premarital Sex The 2015-16 M
Page 247 and 248:
Table 13.1 Knowledge of HIV prevent
Page 249 and 250:
Table 13.4 Discriminatory attitudes
Page 251 and 252:
Table 13.5.2 Multiple sexual partne
Page 253 and 254:
Table 13.7.1 Coverage of prior HIV
Page 255 and 256:
Table 13.8 Pregnant women counselle
Page 257 and 258:
Table 13.10 Self-reported prevalenc
Page 259 and 260:
Table 13.13 Premarital sexual inter
Page 261 and 262:
Table 13.14.2 Multiple sexual partn
Page 263 and 264:
HIV PREVALENCE 14 Key Findings HIV
Page 265 and 266:
The HIV prevalence among women and
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Table 14.1 Coverage of HIV testing
Page 271 and 272:
Table 14.3 HIV prevalence according
Page 273 and 274:
Table 14.5 HIV prevalence according
Page 275 and 276:
Table 14.7 HIV prevalence among you
Page 277 and 278:
Table 14.11 HIV prevalence by male
Page 279 and 280:
ADULT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY 15 Key
Page 281 and 282:
Trends: Table 15.3 shows the probab
Page 283 and 284:
Table 15.1 Completeness of informat
Page 285 and 286:
WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT 16 Key Findin
Page 287 and 288:
husbands while smaller proportions
Page 289 and 290:
Page 291 and 292:
5% participate in neither decisions
Page 293 and 294:
from 78% to 74%. The percentage of
Page 295 and 296:
16.16 REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE BY W
Page 297 and 298:
Table 16.2.1 Control over women’s
Page 299 and 300:
Table 16.4.1 Ownership of assets: W
Page 301 and 302:
Table 16.5.2 Ownership of title or
Page 303 and 304:
Table 16.7.1 Ownership and use of b
Page 305 and 306:
Table 16.9.2 Men’s participation
Page 307 and 308:
Table 16.10.2 Attitude toward wife
Page 309 and 310:
Table 16.12 Ability to negotiate se
Page 311:
Table 16.16 Reproductive health car
Page 314 and 315:
harassment.” Most recently, the M
Page 316 and 317:
• The experience of physical viol
Page 318 and 319:
• Women’s experience of at leas
Page 320 and 321:
women to have ever experienced spou
Page 322 and 323:
• Women in urban areas are about
Page 324 and 325:
Table 17.1 Experience of physical v
Page 326 and 327:
Table 17.3 Persons committing physi
Page 328 and 329:
Table 17.5 Age at first experience
Page 330 and 331:
Table 17.9 Forms of spousal violenc
Page 332 and 333:
Table 17.11 Spousal violence accord
Page 334 and 335:
Table 17.13 Experience of spousal v
Page 336 and 337:
Table 17.16 Violence by women again
Page 338 and 339:
Table 17.18 Sources for help to sto
Page 340 and 341:
World Health Organization (WHO) and
Page 342 and 343:
Table A-2.3 Household sanitation fa
Page 344 and 345:
Table A-2.7 Hand washing: Districts
Page 346 and 347:
Table A-2.11 Children’s living ar
Page 348 and 349:
Table A-2.12.2 Educational attainme
Page 350 and 351:
Table A-3.2.1 Educational attainmen
Page 352 and 353:
Table A-3.3.1 Literacy: Women by di
Page 354 and 355:
Table A-3.4.1 Exposure to mass medi
Page 356 and 357:
Table A-3.5.1 Internet usage: Women
Page 358 and 359:
Table A-3.6.1 Employment status: Wo
Page 360 and 361:
Table A-3.7.1 Occupation: Women by
Page 362 and 363:
Table A-3.8.1 Type of earnings: Wom
Page 364 and 365:
Table A-3.8.3 Continuity of employm
Page 366 and 367:
Table A-3.13.1 Knowledge and attitu
Page 368 and 369:
CHAPTER 4 MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTIV
Page 370 and 371:
Table A-4.4 Median age at first mar
Page 372 and 373:
Table A-4.7.1 Recent sexual activit
Page 374 and 375:
CHAPTER 5 FERTILITY Table A-5.2 Fer
Page 376 and 377:
Table A-5.10 Median age at first bi
Page 378 and 379:
CHAPTER 6 FERTILITY PREFERENCES Tab
Page 380 and 381:
CHAPTER 7 FAMILY PLANNING Table A-7
Page 382 and 383:
Table A-7.13 Decision-making about
Page 384 and 385:
Table A-7.16 Contact of nonusers wi
Page 386 and 387:
CHAPTER 9 MATERNAL HEALTH CARE Tabl
Page 388 and 389:
Table A-9.4 Tetanus toxoid injectio
Page 390 and 391:
Table A-9.6 Assistance during deliv
Page 392 and 393:
Table A-9.9 Timing of first postnat
Page 394 and 395:
Table A-9.11 Timing of first postna
Page 396 and 397:
Table A-9.13 Content of postnatal c
Page 398 and 399:
Table A-9.15 Prevalence of obstetri
Page 400 and 401:
CHAPTER 10 CHILD HEALTH Table A-10.
Page 402 and 403:
Table A-10.4 Possession and observa
Page 404 and 405:
Table A-10.6 Prevalence and treatme
Page 406 and 407:
Table A-10.8 Feeding practices duri
Page 408 and 409:
Table A-10.10 Knowledge of ORS pack
Page 410 and 411:
CHAPTER 11 NUTRITION OF CHILDREN AN
Page 412 and 413:
Table A-11.2 Initial breastfeeding:
Page 414 and 415:
Table A-11.7 Prevalence of anaemia
Page 416 and 417:
Table A-11.9 Micronutrient intake a
Page 418 and 419:
Table A-11.11 Nutritional status of
Page 420 and 421:
Table A-11.13 Micronutrient intake
Page 422 and 423:
Table A-12.2 Source of mosquito net
Page 424 and 425:
Table A-12.6 Use of mosquito nets b
Page 426 and 427:
Table A-12.8 Use of mosquito nets b
Page 428 and 429:
Table A-12.10 Use of Intermittent P
Page 430 and 431:
Table A-12.14 Haemoglobin
Page 432 and 433:
Table A-13.4 Discriminatory attitud
Page 434 and 435:
Table A-13.5.2 Multiple sexual part
Page 436 and 437:
Table A-13.7.1 Coverage of prior HI
Page 438 and 439:
Table A-13.8 Pregnant women counsel
Page 440 and 441:
Table A-13.10 Self-reported prevale
Page 442 and 443:
Table A-13.12 Age at first sexual i
Page 444 and 445:
Table A-13.14.1 Multiple sexual par
Page 446 and 447:
CHAPTER 14 HIV PREVALENCE Table A-1
Page 448 and 449:
Table A-14.3 HIV prevalence: Distri
Page 450 and 451:
CHAPTER 16 WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT Ta
Page 452 and 453:
Table A-16.4.1 Ownership of assets:
Page 454 and 455:
Table A-16.5.1 Ownership of title o
Page 456 and 457:
Table A-16.6.1 Ownership of title o
Page 458 and 459:
Table A-16.7.1 Ownership and use of
Page 460 and 461:
Table A-16.9.1 Women’s participat
Page 462 and 463:
Table A-16.10.1 Attitude toward wif
Page 464 and 465:
Table A-16.11 Attitudes toward nego
Page 466 and 467:
CHAPTER 17 DOMESTIC VIOLENCE Table
Page 468 and 469:
Table A-17.4 Experience of sexual v
Page 470 and 471:
Table A-17.10 Spousal violence: Dis
Page 472 and 473:
Table A-17.15 Violence by women aga
Page 475 and 476:
SAMPLE DESIGN Appendix B B.1 INTROD
Page 477 and 478:
two-stage stratified cluster sample
Page 479 and 480:
Table B.1 Distribution of residenti
Page 481 and 482:
Table B.4 Sample allocation of comp
Page 483 and 484:
Table B.6 Sample implementation: Me
Page 485 and 486:
Table B.8 Coverage of HIV testing b
Page 487:
Table B.10 Coverage of HIV testing
Page 490 and 491:
where h represents the stratum whic
Page 492 and 493:
Table C.2 Sampling errors: Total sa
Page 494 and 495:
Table C.4 Sampling errors: Rural sa
Page 496 and 497:
Table C.6 Sampling errors: Central
Page 498 and 499:
Table C.8 Sampling errors: Chitipa
Page 500 and 501:
Table C.10 Sampling errors: Nkhatab
Page 502 and 503:
Table C.12 Sampling errors: Mzimba
Page 504 and 505:
Table C.14 Sampling errors: Kasungu
Page 506 and 507:
Table C.16 Sampling errors: Ntchisi
Page 508 and 509:
Table C.18 Sampling errors: Salima
Page 510 and 511:
Table C.20 Sampling errors: Mchinji
Page 512 and 513:
Table C.22 Sampling errors: Ntcheu
Page 514 and 515:
Table C.24 Sampling errors: Maching
Page 516 and 517:
Table C.26 Sampling errors: Chiradz
Page 518 and 519:
Table C.28 Sampling errors: Mwanza
Page 520 and 521:
Table C.30 Sampling errors: Mulanje
Page 522 and 523:
Table C.32 Sampling errors: Chikwaw
Page 524 and 525:
Table C.34 Sampling errors: Balaka
Page 526 and 527:
Table C.36 Sampling errors for adul
Page 528 and 529:
Table D.2.1 Age distribution of eli
Page 530 and 531:
Table D.5 Reporting of age at death
Page 532 and 533:
Table D.7 Nutritional status of chi
Page 535 and 536:
SURVEY PERSONNEL Appendix E 2015-16
Page 537 and 538:
Team Leaders Benson Mvula Grossveno
Page 539:
Ireen Yohane Chisomo Mkwapatira Des
Page 543 and 544:
2015-2016 MALAWI DEMOGRAPHIC AND HE
Page 545 and 546:
INTRODUCTION AND CONSENT Hello. My
Page 547 and 548:
HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE IF AGE 0-17 YEAR
Page 549 and 550:
HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE IF AGE 0-17 YEAR
Page 551 and 552:
HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS NO. QUEST
Page 553 and 554:
HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS NO. QUEST
Page 555 and 556:
MOSQUITO NETS NET #1 NET #2 NET #3
Page 557 and 558:
ADDITIONAL HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTIC
Page 559 and 560:
200 CHILD FUNCTIONING AND DISABILIT
Page 561 and 562:
300 CHILD FUNCTIONING AND DISABILIT
Page 563 and 564:
CHILD FUNCTIONING AND DISABILITY (A
Page 565 and 566:
ELIGIBILITY AND CONSENT FOR THE MIC
Page 567 and 568:
INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONS TO BE FI
Page 569 and 570:
Page 571 and 572:
WEIGHT, HEIGHT AND HEMOGLOBIN MEASU
Page 573 and 574:
WEIGHT, HEIGHT AND HEMOGLOBIN MEASU
Page 575 and 576:
WEIGHT, HEIGHT, HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREM
Page 577 and 578:
Page 579 and 580:
Page 581 and 582:
HIV TESTING FOR MEN AGE 15-54 301 C
Page 583 and 584:
Page 585 and 586:
Page 587 and 588:
Page 589 and 590:
SECTION 1. RESPONDENT'S BACKGROUND
Page 591 and 592:
SECTION 2. REPRODUCTION NO. QUESTIO
Page 593 and 594:
212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220
Page 595 and 596:
Page 597 and 598:
SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301 Now I
Page 599 and 600:
SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION NO. QUESTI
Page 601 and 602:
Page 603 and 604:
Page 605 and 606:
SECTION 4. PREGNANCY AND POSTNATAL
Page 607 and 608:
Page 609 and 610:
Page 611 and 612:
Page 613 and 614:
Page 615 and 616:
SECTION 5A. CHILD IMMUNIZATION (LAS
Page 617 and 618:
SECTION 5A. CHILD IMMUNIZATION (LAS
Page 619 and 620:
SECTION 5B. CHILD IMMUNIZATION (NEX
Page 621 and 622:
SECTION 5B. CHILD IMMUNIZATION (NEX
Page 623 and 624:
SECTION 6. CHILD HEALTH AND NUTRITI
Page 625 and 626:
Page 627 and 628:
Page 629 and 630:
Page 631 and 632:
Page 633 and 634:
Page 635 and 636:
SECTION 7. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
Page 637 and 638:
Page 639 and 640:
SECTION 8. FERTILITY PREFERENCES NO
Page 641 and 642:
Page 643 and 644:
SECTION 9. HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND AND
Page 645 and 646:
NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS SECTION 1
Page 647 and 648:
SECTION 10. HIV/AIDS NO. QUESTIONS
Page 649 and 650:
SECTION 10. HIV/AIDS NO. QUESTIONS
Page 651 and 652:
SECTION 11. OTHER HEALTH ISSUES NO.
Page 653 and 654:
Page 655 and 656:
SECTION MM. MATERNAL MORTALITY MODU
Page 657 and 658:
SECTION 13. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE MODUL
Page 659 and 660:
Page 661 and 662:
Page 663 and 664:
INSTRUCTIONS: COL. 1 COL. 2 ONLY ON
Page 665 and 666:
Page 667 and 668:
SECTION 1. RESPONDENT'S BACKGROUND
Page 669 and 670:
Page 671 and 672:
SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301 Now I
Page 673 and 674:
Page 675 and 676:
Page 677 and 678:
Page 679 and 680:
Page 681 and 682:
SECTION 6. EMPLOYMENT AND GENDER RO
Page 683 and 684:
SECTION 7. HIV/AIDS NO. QUESTIONS A
Page 685 and 686:
SECTION 7. HIV/AIDS NO. QUESTIONS A
Page 687 and 688:
Page 689 and 690:
INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONS TO BE FI
Page 691 and 692:
MALAWI GOVERNEMNT NATIONAL STATISTI
show all

Malawi 2015-16

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?