Malawi 2015-16

Recommendations

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CHAPTER 6 FERTILITY PREFERENCES Table A-6.4 Mean ideal number of children: Districts Mean ideal number of children for all women age 15-49, according to district, Malawi DHS 2015-16 District Mean Number of women 1 Northern Chitipa 4.0 232 Karonga 4.1 466 Likoma 3.5 20 Mzimba 3.5 1,458 Nkhata Bay 3.6 326 Rumphi 3.7 289 Total 3.7 2,790 Central Dedza 3.7 1,067 Dowa 3.6 1,072 Kasungu 3.7 991 Lilongwe 3.5 4,028 Mchinji 3.6 690 Nkhotakota 3.9 536 Ntcheu 3.5 933 Ntchisi 3.8 428 Salima 4.0 652 Total 3.6 10,397 Southern Balaka 3.7 588 Blantyre 3.2 2,037 Chikhwawa 3.7 673 Chiradzulu 3.3 514 Machinga 4.1 807 Mangochi 4.2 1,501 Mulanje 3.6 1,049 Mwanza 3.7 170 Neno 3.9 244 Nsanje 4.1 345 Phalombe 3.9 656 Thyolo 3.5 1,113 Zomba 3.5 1,355 Total 3.7 11,052 Total 3.7 24,240 1 Number of women who gave a numeric response 344 • Appendix A
Table A-6.6 Wanted fertility rates: Districts Total wanted fertility rates and total fertility rates for the 3 years before the survey, according to district, Malawi DHS 2015-16 District Total wanted fertility rates Total fertility rate Northern Chitipa 3.7 4.5 Karonga 3.8 4.3 Likoma 3.0 3.6 Mzimba 3.0 3.9 Nkhata Bay 3.6 4.5 Rumphi 3.7 4.6 Total 3.4 4.2 Central Dedza 3.5 4.4 Dowa 3.1 4.0 Kasungu 3.3 4.5 Lilongwe 3.1 3.8 Mchinji 4.0 5.1 Nkhotakota 3.8 5.2 Ntcheu 3.6 4.8 Ntchisi 3.8 5.1 Salima 4.2 5.6 Total 3.4 4.4 Southern Balaka 3.6 4.6 Blantyre 2.7 3.4 Chikhwawa 4.3 5.6 Chiradzulu 3.1 4.2 Machinga 4.7 6.6 Mangochi 4.4 5.3 Mulanje 3.4 4.5 Mwanza 3.3 4.4 Neno 4.3 5.3 Nsanje 4.2 5.7 Phalombe 3.6 5.0 Thyolo 2.7 3.5 Zomba 2.9 4.1 Total 3.5 4.6 Total 3.4 4.4 Note: Rates are calculated based on births to women age 15-49 in the period 1-36 months before the survey. The total fertility rates are the same as those presented in Table A-5.2. Appendix A • 345
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Malawi Demographic and Health Surve
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The 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and
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4.3 Age at First Marriage .........
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13.9.1 Knowledge ..................
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TABLES AND FIGURES 1 INTRODUCTION A
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6 FERTILITY PREFERENCES ...........
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11 NUTRITION OF CHILDREN AND WOMEN
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Figure 14.1 HIV prevalence by age .
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Table A-3.8.1 Type of earnings: Wom
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Table A-16.9.1 Women’s participat
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FOREWORD T he 2016-16 Malawi Demogr
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LA LAM LLIN LPG MAD MDHS MICS PPHC
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Table 3.4.1 Exposure to mass media:
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Example 2: Prevalence and Treatment
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Example 3: Understanding Sampling W
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xxxii • Map of Malawi
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The information collected in the 20
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ecorded on the Biomarker Questionna
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1.5 PRETEST The pretest for the 201
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HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS AND 2 HOUSE
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About half of Malawian households (
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A total of 117,177 individuals stay
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Patterns by background characterist
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school. The attendance rate decline
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Table 2.3 Household sanitation faci
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Table 2.5 Wealth quintiles Percent
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Table 2.9 Household composition Per
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Table 2.11 Children’s living arra
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Table 2.12.2 Educational attainment
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Table 2.14.1 Child functioning and
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CHARACTERISTICS OF RESPONDENTS 3 Ke
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• Women and men living in urban a
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Women and men are most commonly emp
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Table 3.1 Background characteristic
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Table 3.3.1 Literacy: Women Percent
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Table 3.5.1 Internet usage: Women P
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Table 3.6.1 Employment status: Wome
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Table 3.7.1 Occupation: Women Perce
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Table 3.8 Type of employment: Women
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Table 3.10.1 Tobacco smoking: Women
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Table 3.11 Average number of cigare
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Table 3.13.2 Knowledge and attitude
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Figure 4.1 Marital status Percent d
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marriage. The median age at first i
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Table 4.1 Current marital status Pe
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Table 4.3 Age at first marriage Per
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Table 4.5 Age at first sexual inter
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Table 4.7.1 Recent sexual activity:
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FERTILITY 5 Key Findings Total
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5.3 BIRTH INTERVALS Median birth in
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5.5 AGE AT FIRST BIRTH Median age a
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LIST OF TABLES For more information
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Table 5.3.1 Trends in age-specific
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Table 5.6 Postpartum amenorrhea, ab
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Table 5.10 Median age at first birt
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Trends: The percentage of currently
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Trends: Since 1992, the proportion
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Table 6.1 Fertility preferences by
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Table 6.3 Ideal number of children
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Table 6.5 Fertility planning status
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Overall, the contraceptive prevalen
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Nearly 8 in 10 (79%) of all modern
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Seventy-eight percent of currently
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the survey (Table 7.16). Ten percen
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Table 7.3 Current use of contracept
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Table 7.7 Informed choice Among cur
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Table 7.12.1 Need and demand for fa
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Table 7.13 Decision-making about fa
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Table 7.16 Contact of nonusers with
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• Any method of measuring childho
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Table 8.3 Early childhood mortality
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Table 8.5 High-risk fertility behav
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9.1 ANTENATAL CARE COVERAGE AND CON
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Trends: Since 1992, the rates of C-
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9.7 PROBLEMS IN ACCESSING HEALTH CA
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Table 9.3 Components of antenatal c
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Table 9.5 Place of delivery Percent
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Table 9.7 Caesarean section Percent
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Table 9.10 Type of provider of firs
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Table 9.12 Type of provider of firs
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Table 9.14 Pregnancy outcomes Perce
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Table 9.16 Problems in accessing he
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childhood death. In the 2015-16 MDH
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• Vaccination coverage generally
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of giving the same or more food to
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Table 10.1 Child’s size and weigh
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Table 10.3 Vaccinations by backgrou
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Table 10.5 Prevalence and treatment
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Table 10.7 Prevalence and treatment
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Table 10.9 Oral rehydration therapy
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Table 10.11 Disposal of children’
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which the baby’s weight to be dis
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11.2 INFANT AND YOUNG CHILD FEEDING
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have shown that plant-based complem
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11.3 ANAEMIA PREVALENCE IN CHILDREN
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Information on BMI is presented in
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Table 11.1 Nutritional status of ch
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Table 11.3 Breastfeeding status acc
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Table 11.5 Foods and liquids consum
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Table 11.7 Prevalence of anaemia in
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Table 11.9 Micronutrient intake amo
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Table 11.11 Nutritional status of w
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Table 11.13 Micronutrient intake am
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The ownership and use of both treat
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12.3 HOUSEHOLD ACCESS AND USE OF IT
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SP during routine ANC visits. Follo
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Trends: The percentage of children
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Table 12.3 Indoor residual spraying
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Table 12.7 Use of existing ITNs Per
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Table 12.11 Prevalence, diagnosis,
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Table 12.13 Type of antimalarial dr
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HIV/AIDS-RELATED KNOWLEDGE, 13 ATTI
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avoid getting HIV; 64% of women and
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Only 1% of all women reported havin
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Forty-two percent of women and 41%
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13.9.3 Premarital Sex The 2015-16 M
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Table 13.1 Knowledge of HIV prevent
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Table 13.4 Discriminatory attitudes
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Table 13.5.2 Multiple sexual partne
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Table 13.7.1 Coverage of prior HIV
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Table 13.8 Pregnant women counselle
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Table 13.10 Self-reported prevalenc
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Table 13.13 Premarital sexual inter
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Table 13.14.2 Multiple sexual partn
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HIV PREVALENCE 14 Key Findings HIV
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The HIV prevalence among women and
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Table 14.1 Coverage of HIV testing
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Table 14.3 HIV prevalence according
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Table 14.5 HIV prevalence according
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Table 14.7 HIV prevalence among you
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Table 14.11 HIV prevalence by male
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ADULT AND MATERNAL MORTALITY 15 Key
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Trends: Table 15.3 shows the probab
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Table 15.1 Completeness of informat
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WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT 16 Key Findin
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husbands while smaller proportions
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5% participate in neither decisions
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from 78% to 74%. The percentage of
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16.16 REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE BY W
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Table 16.2.1 Control over women’s
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Table 16.4.1 Ownership of assets: W
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Table 16.5.2 Ownership of title or
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Table 16.7.1 Ownership and use of b
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Table 16.9.2 Men’s participation
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Table 16.10.2 Attitude toward wife
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Table 16.12 Ability to negotiate se
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Table 16.16 Reproductive health car
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harassment.” Most recently, the M
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• The experience of physical viol
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• Women’s experience of at leas
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women to have ever experienced spou
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• Women in urban areas are about
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Table 17.1 Experience of physical v
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Table 17.3 Persons committing physi
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Page 338 and 339: Table 17.18 Sources for help to sto
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Page 342 and 343: Table A-2.3 Household sanitation fa
Page 344 and 345: Table A-2.7 Hand washing: Districts
Page 346 and 347: Table A-2.11 Children’s living ar
Page 348 and 349: Table A-2.12.2 Educational attainme
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Page 352 and 353: Table A-3.3.1 Literacy: Women by di
Page 354 and 355: Table A-3.4.1 Exposure to mass medi
Page 356 and 357: Table A-3.5.1 Internet usage: Women
Page 358 and 359: Table A-3.6.1 Employment status: Wo
Page 360 and 361: Table A-3.7.1 Occupation: Women by
Page 362 and 363: Table A-3.8.1 Type of earnings: Wom
Page 364 and 365: Table A-3.8.3 Continuity of employm
Page 366 and 367: Table A-3.13.1 Knowledge and attitu
Page 368 and 369: CHAPTER 4 MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTIV
Page 370 and 371: Table A-4.4 Median age at first mar
Page 372 and 373: Table A-4.7.1 Recent sexual activit
Page 374 and 375: CHAPTER 5 FERTILITY Table A-5.2 Fer
Page 376 and 377: Table A-5.10 Median age at first bi
Page 380 and 381: CHAPTER 7 FAMILY PLANNING Table A-7
Page 382 and 383: Table A-7.13 Decision-making about
Page 384 and 385: Table A-7.16 Contact of nonusers wi
Page 386 and 387: CHAPTER 9 MATERNAL HEALTH CARE Tabl
Page 388 and 389: Table A-9.4 Tetanus toxoid injectio
Page 390 and 391: Table A-9.6 Assistance during deliv
Page 392 and 393: Table A-9.9 Timing of first postnat
Page 394 and 395: Table A-9.11 Timing of first postna
Page 396 and 397: Table A-9.13 Content of postnatal c
Page 398 and 399: Table A-9.15 Prevalence of obstetri
Page 400 and 401: CHAPTER 10 CHILD HEALTH Table A-10.
Page 402 and 403: Table A-10.4 Possession and observa
Page 404 and 405: Table A-10.6 Prevalence and treatme
Page 406 and 407: Table A-10.8 Feeding practices duri
Page 408 and 409: Table A-10.10 Knowledge of ORS pack
Page 410 and 411: CHAPTER 11 NUTRITION OF CHILDREN AN
Page 412 and 413: Table A-11.2 Initial breastfeeding:
Page 414 and 415: Table A-11.7 Prevalence of anaemia
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Page 418 and 419: Table A-11.11 Nutritional status of
Page 420 and 421: Table A-11.13 Micronutrient intake
Page 422 and 423: Table A-12.2 Source of mosquito net
Page 424 and 425: Table A-12.6 Use of mosquito nets b
Page 426 and 427: Table A-12.8 Use of mosquito nets b
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Table A-12.10 Use of Intermittent P
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Table A-12.14 Haemoglobin
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Table A-13.4 Discriminatory attitud
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Table A-13.5.2 Multiple sexual part
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Table A-13.7.1 Coverage of prior HI
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Table A-13.8 Pregnant women counsel
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Table A-13.10 Self-reported prevale
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Table A-13.12 Age at first sexual i
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Table A-13.14.1 Multiple sexual par
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CHAPTER 14 HIV PREVALENCE Table A-1
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Table A-14.3 HIV prevalence: Distri
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CHAPTER 16 WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT Ta
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Table A-16.4.1 Ownership of assets:
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Table A-16.5.1 Ownership of title o
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Table A-16.6.1 Ownership of title o
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Table A-16.7.1 Ownership and use of
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Table A-16.9.1 Women’s participat
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Table A-16.10.1 Attitude toward wif
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Table A-16.11 Attitudes toward nego
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CHAPTER 17 DOMESTIC VIOLENCE Table
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Table A-17.4 Experience of sexual v
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Table A-17.10 Spousal violence: Dis
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Table A-17.15 Violence by women aga
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SAMPLE DESIGN Appendix B B.1 INTROD
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two-stage stratified cluster sample
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Table B.1 Distribution of residenti
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Table B.4 Sample allocation of comp
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Table B.6 Sample implementation: Me
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Table B.8 Coverage of HIV testing b
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Table B.10 Coverage of HIV testing
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where h represents the stratum whic
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Table C.2 Sampling errors: Total sa
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Table C.4 Sampling errors: Rural sa
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Table C.6 Sampling errors: Central
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Table C.8 Sampling errors: Chitipa
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Table C.10 Sampling errors: Nkhatab
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Table C.12 Sampling errors: Mzimba
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Table C.14 Sampling errors: Kasungu
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Table C.16 Sampling errors: Ntchisi
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Table C.18 Sampling errors: Salima
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Table C.20 Sampling errors: Mchinji
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Table C.22 Sampling errors: Ntcheu
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Table C.24 Sampling errors: Maching
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Table C.26 Sampling errors: Chiradz
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Table C.28 Sampling errors: Mwanza
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Table C.30 Sampling errors: Mulanje
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Table C.32 Sampling errors: Chikwaw
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Table C.34 Sampling errors: Balaka
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Table C.36 Sampling errors for adul
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Table D.2.1 Age distribution of eli
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Table D.5 Reporting of age at death
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Table D.7 Nutritional status of chi
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SURVEY PERSONNEL Appendix E 2015-16
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Team Leaders Benson Mvula Grossveno
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Ireen Yohane Chisomo Mkwapatira Des
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2015-2016 MALAWI DEMOGRAPHIC AND HE
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INTRODUCTION AND CONSENT Hello. My
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE IF AGE 0-17 YEAR
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE IF AGE 0-17 YEAR
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HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS NO. QUEST
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HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS NO. QUEST
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MOSQUITO NETS NET #1 NET #2 NET #3
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ADDITIONAL HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTIC
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200 CHILD FUNCTIONING AND DISABILIT
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300 CHILD FUNCTIONING AND DISABILIT
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CHILD FUNCTIONING AND DISABILITY (A
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ELIGIBILITY AND CONSENT FOR THE MIC
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INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONS TO BE FI
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WEIGHT, HEIGHT AND HEMOGLOBIN MEASU
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WEIGHT, HEIGHT AND HEMOGLOBIN MEASU
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WEIGHT, HEIGHT, HEMOGLOBIN MEASUREM
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HIV TESTING FOR MEN AGE 15-54 301 C
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT'S BACKGROUND
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SECTION 2. REPRODUCTION NO. QUESTIO
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212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220
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SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301 Now I
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SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION NO. QUESTI
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SECTION 4. PREGNANCY AND POSTNATAL
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SECTION 5A. CHILD IMMUNIZATION (LAS
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SECTION 5A. CHILD IMMUNIZATION (LAS
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SECTION 5B. CHILD IMMUNIZATION (NEX
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SECTION 5B. CHILD IMMUNIZATION (NEX
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SECTION 6. CHILD HEALTH AND NUTRITI
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SECTION 7. MARRIAGE AND SEXUAL ACTI
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SECTION 8. FERTILITY PREFERENCES NO
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SECTION 9. HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND AND
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NO. QUESTIONS AND FILTERS SECTION 1
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SECTION 10. HIV/AIDS NO. QUESTIONS
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SECTION 10. HIV/AIDS NO. QUESTIONS
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SECTION 11. OTHER HEALTH ISSUES NO.
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SECTION MM. MATERNAL MORTALITY MODU
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SECTION 13. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE MODUL
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INSTRUCTIONS: COL. 1 COL. 2 ONLY ON
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SECTION 1. RESPONDENT'S BACKGROUND
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SECTION 3. CONTRACEPTION 301 Now I
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SECTION 6. EMPLOYMENT AND GENDER RO
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SECTION 7. HIV/AIDS NO. QUESTIONS A
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SECTION 7. HIV/AIDS NO. QUESTIONS A
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INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONS TO BE FI
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MALAWI GOVERNEMNT NATIONAL STATISTI
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Malawi 2015-16

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