Xcell Journal: The authoritative journal for programmable ... - Xilinx

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DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING Simulink Brings Model-Based Design to Embedded Signal Processing The complexity of FPGA-based signal processing systems drives the need for new development approaches. by Ken Karnofsky Marketing Director, Signal Processing and Communications The MathWorks, Inc. ken.karnofsky@mathworks.com Many of today’s highly integrated embedded hardware and software systems rely on sophisticated signal processing and communications. Dramatic increases in silicon and algorithmic complexity in these systems have triggered a corresponding rise in design and verification costs. Several studies have noted the impact of the complexity challenge. A Collett International Research study reported by Jack Horgan stated that only 39% of IC designs were bug-free at first silicon in 2002 1 . Embedded Market Forecasters found that more than 50% of embedded projects are behind schedule, and one-third failed to achieve 50% of performance and functional expectations 2 . Figure 1 shows the typical patterns of early defect introduction and late detection that are at the root of these problems. 66 Xcell Journal Winter 2004
Percent Defects 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Tacking new verification techniques or language extensions onto traditional design tools and flows is not enough to effectively improve the development process. These incremental improvements do not eliminate the aspects of traditional flows – ambiguous text-based specifications, manual implementation, and after-the-fact testing – that produce expensive errors and jeopardize delivery timelines. In contrast, The MathWorks has demonstrated that Model-Based Design with Simulink ® produces dramatic reductions in development time, cost, and risk. These benefits have been documented in the aerospace, automotive, communications, and semiconductor industries – wherever the application requires real-time signal processing, communications, and control logic. Reinventing Development The use of FPGAs for high-performance DSP is a natural application for Model- Based Design. Getting the most out of FPGA hardware requires insight into algorithmic and architectural complexities at the same time. To do this, architects need tools that offer direct access to hardware – tools that hardware and software engineers can also use to refine and implement the designs. A design environment like Simulink makes it possible to quickly and accurately simulate system behavior, and provides a direct path to implementation using automatic code generation. Xilinx ® recognized early on that Simulink was a platform that could make Spec Design Implement Test Design Stages Figure 1 – Typical patterns of design defects using conventional flows, which lead to rising costs and late product deliveries. Introduced Detected FPGA-based DSP design practical. Today, a complete design flow is available from The MathWorks and Xilinx that includes thirdparty development hardware for real-time prototyping and deployment. Many organizations now enjoy order-of-magnitude returns on their investment in Model-Based Design for Xilinx FPGAs. Comprehensive, system-levelmathematical models form the basis of Model- Based Design. Such modeling was once only in the realm of technology researchers, not mainstream product developers. But facing the limitations of traditional software and hardware description languages for large-scale projects, many design leaders recognize that modeling and simulation is necessary to handle the complexity of today’s systems, not only for system design but for hardware and software development as well. Hardware description languages, even with “system-level” extensions, do not support the rapid modeling and design iteration needed for algorithmically intensive, large-scale embedded hardware systems – that is, virtually all of today’s communications and multimedia systems. Similarly, C-based tools and design flows will not address the software explo- Figure 2 – The elements of Model-Based Design DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING sion in these systems. In fact, automotive companies and others facing the rapid growth of software-intensive embedded systems have turned to Model-Based Design. Manually developing code in C is no longer an option, because companies cannot hire enough programmers or test engineers to develop and verify the code. The Elements of Model-Based Design With Model-Based Design, specification, design, implementation, and verification can be accomplished – and accelerated – using a single Simulink model. Figure 2 depicts these elements, which are described below. Executable Specifications from Models Simulink models serve as executable specifications for system and component behavior, replacing ambiguous text documents. These models can span digital and analog hardware as well as software, and they facilitate clear, unambiguous communication between engineering teams. Design with Simulation Simulink is a platform for multidomain simulation of dynamic systems. The Simulink product family provides an interactive, graphical block diagram environment with a customizable set of block libraries for signal processing, communications, and control. You can create comprehensive system specifications, model channels, and other environmental effects. These tools also simplify system analysis using quantitative measures such as signalto-noise ratio and bit-error rate. Simulink is integrated with MATLAB ®, providing access to an extensive range of tools for algorithm development and data analysis. Simulink models are hierarchical; you can partition them easily into subsystems or components. This simplifies comprehension of the design and interaction of Winter 2004 Xcell Journal 67
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ISSUE 51, WINTER 2004 XCELL JOURNAL
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