Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
yxi ÖàozZlx3tlA h3dwyt5yAtc3ym5yxExo4 ñbsmJ3l<br />
WdIoEpdÌl bm3u4 gñp5nc5yxi5nq8i4 gryN3ty5yx[cD8Ngu4<br />
sc3bsJi4 scsy3u4 gryx1qbzi4 xg3gj5. gñpcExc3gc3X5<br />
gñpcExo4 xro3gq5bui4 gñpcD8Ng6. ÖàozZlx3tlQ5, bm4fx<br />
xro3gxENQ5 W5JIsA†5 ck9lxtQ4 xg3bsA8N[q5 who5b[c3uJ5<br />
wozgxCu4 Wi3li[i3u4 w3cg3bsAtc3gj5. wªctŒ8iªozJk9o<br />
w3cg3bsJ5 N7ui6 xro3gwQxc§5 scsys2 É2Ùi gryxt5ypu8i4<br />
gñpui9l.<br />
ñbs5Jtc3ymJ6 WJ8Nstc3S6 tAIst5yZh5tu4 scsy3u4<br />
v?mk5 wobEIsJu4 sçctQA8Nbui4 Gc9lˆ3tg9lî5 AwAwtg9lî5H<br />
tAIst5yNh5tcDmli. bm8N ÖàozZlx3tlA, b4ftA5ãˆ3gu4,<br />
WdI3Jx5 WJ8NstbcEK5 Wbc3tyAt5ni4 tAIst5yNh5†5 scsy3u4<br />
scs¥5 wobEIsiø4 N9oxi4 xgDmIui4 xgD8N[c3tlQ5. bm4fx<br />
Öàt9lQ5, Ù3yzsti3bc3g5 tAIst5yNh5t scsy3ui4 xg3li<br />
tAIst5yNhA8Nic3m5 x7ml ñbsmJ6 WJ8Nstc3uhi tAIst-<br />
5yNh5tu4 scsy3u4 gryA8Nbui4 xg3tbsdpli. bm4fx Öàozo3mî4<br />
w3cgw“5 bmgj1zozJi4 €3eAt5nÌEMsJK5 WdI1awht4<br />
x9Md†5 WNh5bsc5bMzo3tlQ5 scsy3u4 ñbsmÔ2 gryxIzi4<br />
WNh5tbsAtc3tlA tAIst5yNh5t. bm8N Öàozo3m5 xhw˜4,<br />
tAIst5yNh5t scD8N[cc5bixo3S6 c9lˆ3tg5, x7ml w3cgw[tA5<br />
x9MymJoxaQxooµ5 Gw3cgwpj5 So¥5 tAyA8NstÌ3bsAtQQxc§q5,<br />
XyIsA†9l, w3cgw[7ul NqcbsQx3gdIsA†5, xyq9lH<br />
x9MymJ1awAbsQ x1zc5b˜o3tlQ5 c9lˆ3tg5<br />
x9Mbslt4.<br />
Wi3lg[i3k5 Wdè5 WbcExc3y miê-<br />
J3b c1qM5 ñbsmÔ2 XyIs Atq8ªozJoµ5<br />
scsys2 É2Ùk5 k5tbs9lfQ xcExq5. ñbmsJ6<br />
So¥5 x9My mJ1awAt[iq8i4 scsys2 É2Ùk5<br />
k5tb sdpA8Nq9M5, tosEAtc3cI3uZt9l<br />
bf8Ng [î5, ñ5yy mJ9lî5 hoiC9ME5hQ5 x9Mym-<br />
J1awAtQymIq8i4 s{?¬8î5 xyoµq8i4<br />
x9MdtoxamJi4 n3etbsym1qgx3Xb-tAIst5yNh5tj5,<br />
wkoµk9lî5 bfIsJ8Nlt4 x9Mdbs1qgx3Xb.<br />
w3cgwp grÌEA8NggxaK6 xqMzli<br />
eWlMzli¬8î5 scsys2 É2Ùk5 k5tbsdpÔ2<br />
xb8isDtq8i4 woz5ht4 tAIst5yNh5ts2<br />
ñ5yymAt9ME7ui4 scsyEc5bbq8i4 x7ml xgx-<br />
ZoxaJi4 WJ8Nstc3gk5 GWdè5 x9Mdtq8i4,<br />
x9MymJ3bq8i4 x7ml hJc3isc5bymJ5 bZbZ<br />
w3cg3bso3gj5 g1z[slt4 w5IbsZhA8Ng5H,<br />
ÖàZhAbsA8Ng5 xgw8ND3tEAb slt4 ñbs5J tø4<br />
w¬8Nq8i4 ñbs5JtQymIui4 ñzy xD8N[-<br />
cd9lA. Ì4fk1zozJ5 ˆ7myxExø5 x7ml<br />
ev3tyMeAbs5Öo5yxExc3ht4 w3cg3bsiEQxozi4 ñbsmÔ2.<br />
b2Wfx Öàoz5nmb bfo3SA5, Wi3lg[i3k5 Wdè5 Wbc3tyAtcExq5<br />
xuhv9MmE8i4 h3dwgu4 xuh7mExlw5 Wi3lymJ5<br />
WNh5bsAtq5 x9Mdtos3bsAtq9l x9Mbsm A8N[c3tlQ5 vNbu<br />
v?mk5 wobEIsic3©4 scs¥4 N9ogw8Nz8i4 scsycDbsA8Nt9lQ5<br />
g1z[QlA ñbs5Jtc3ymÔ2 scsy6 xgDmIz.<br />
AwAwtg5 scsys2 WdIz<br />
AwAwtg5 scsys2 WdIz Gx5yCstc3uJ6 WdI6 ry5Jto4<br />
!)!-u4H Wbc3tyAtcEK6 wozJi4 scsy3k5 xg3bsQxo8k5<br />
WdI3Jxos3[ul w3cgw[8il.<br />
WdItA5 €3ebsm5hi, AwAwtg5 scsy6 xg3bsc5bg5noxamK6<br />
WdI3Jxos3[zil w3cgw[dtq8il fÑ4 kNo3Mzb.<br />
Ì4fx Wdè5 natbsA8N[c§5 xyu8i W4vbsAtc3ht4 wMst9lQ5<br />
WdI3JxoxaJi4 x9MymJ1awAbsQxø5 w¬8N4 x9MymJ1absQx1zD8Nt9lQ5,<br />
x9MymÔMzo3tlQ9l x9Ma3bslt4 AwAwtg9l<br />
An accused has the right to have a prosecutor who speaks<br />
the same official language (English or French) as him. However,<br />
at the same time, the Constitution provides that pleadings may<br />
be presented to the court in the official language of one’s choice.<br />
Consequently, there is a conflict between the right of the prosecutor<br />
to plead in his own language and the right of the accused to have<br />
the prosecutor plead in the accused’s language. The courts have<br />
since reconciled this conflict by ruling that files must be assigned<br />
to prosecutors who can express themselves in the language chosen<br />
by the accused. Hence, the prosecutor will be able to express<br />
himself in English, and the official documents (warrants, indictment,<br />
summons, etc.) will be drafted in English.<br />
The Criminal Code does not require that all evidence be translated.<br />
The accused may not demand a translation of the police<br />
officer’s notes, the witnesses’ sworn declarations or any other document<br />
that is not a prosecution-produced, public document.<br />
It is up to the judge to decide whether to grant a request for<br />
the translation of the prosecution's principal arguments and book<br />
of authorities (the list of the laws, texts and cases to be relied upon),<br />
so that the accused can be sufficiently prepared to face all charges<br />
made against him. The request has to be reasonable and not have<br />
the effect of paralyzing the trial.<br />
As we can see, the Criminal Code provides for quite a large<br />
range of provisions to ensure that most of the criminal process and<br />
the documents related to it be made in either of the official languages<br />
of Canada as per the choice of the accused.<br />
The Charter of the French Language<br />
The Charter of the French Language (also known as Bill 101)<br />
also contains provisions with regards to the language of the legislature<br />
and the courts.<br />
As a principle, French is the language of the legislature and<br />
the courts in Quebec. This principle is subject to other conditions<br />
including the one to the effect that legislative bills shall be printed,<br />
published, passed and assented to in French and English, and the<br />
statutes shall be printed and published in both languages. The same<br />
applies to regulations and similar acts.<br />
sammy kudluk<br />
MAKIVIK mag a zine<br />
23
Change language