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Standard Practice for Accelerated Aging of Asphalt Binder Using a Pressurized Aging Vessel AASHTO Designation: PP11 1. SCOPE 1.1 This practice covers the accelerated aging (oxidation) of asphalt binders by means of pressurized air and elevated temperature in a pressurized aging vessel (PAV). The test method is intended to simulate in-service oxidative aging of asphalt binders and is intended for use with residue from T240 (Rolling Thin Film Oven Test (RTFOT)) or T179 (Thin Film Oven Test (TFOT)). NOTE1.--T240is the recommendedprocedure.Modifiedasphaltbindersmayphaseseparateor formskins duringconditioningwithT179(TFOT);the resultsfromsubsequent testingof thisresiduein TP5,TP1,andTP3 maybe distorted. 1.2 The aging of asphalt binders during service is affected by mixture-associated variables such as the volumetric proportions of the mix, the permeability of the mix, properties of the aggregates, and possibly other factors. This test is intended to provide an evaluation of the relative resistance of different asphalt binders to oxidative aging at selected temperatures and cannot account for mixture variables. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this procedure to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 2.1 AASHTO Standards: M231 Standard Specification for Standard Masses and Balances Used in the Testing of Highway Materials MP1 Proposed Standard Specification for Performance-Graded Asphalt Binder zThis standardis basedon <strong>SHRP</strong>Product1003. 61
T179 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on Asphalt Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test) T240 Test Method for the Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin Film Oven Test) 2.2 ASTM Standards: E220 Method for Calibration of Thermocouples by Comparison Techniques 2.3 DIN Standards: 43760 3. TERMINOLOGY 3.1 Definitions 3.1.1 asphalt binder, n--an asphalt-based cement that is produced from petroleum residue either with or without the addition of non-particulate organic modifiers. 3.1.2 in-service, adj--refers to aging of the asphalt binder that occurs in the pavement as a result of the combined effects of time, traffic and the environment. 4. SUMMARY OF TEST METHOD 4.1 Asphalt binder is first aged using T240 (RTFOT) or T179 (TFOT). A specified thickness of residue, from the RTFOT or TFOT, is then placed (or left) in standard TFOT (T179) stainless steel pans and aged at the specified aging temperature for 20 hours in a vessel pressurized with air to 2.10 MPa. Aging temperature is selected according to the grade of the asphalt binder. 5. SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This method is designed to simulate the oxidative aging that occurs in asphalt binders during pavement service. Residue from this test may be used to estimate the physical or chemical properties of an asphalt binder after five to ten years of aging in the field. 5.2 Asphalt binders aged using PP1 are used to determine specification properties in accordance with MP1. The asphalt binder is aged with the RTFOT or TFOT prior to this conditioning step. Tank asphalt binders, as well as RTFOT or TFOT, and residue from this test are used to determine specification properties in accordance with MP1. 62
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SHR -A-379 The SUPERPAVE Mix Design
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Acknowledgments The research descri
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M-003 Determining the Shear and Sti
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Introduction This volume of the Fin
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Table 2. AASHTO and Other Test Meth
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T48 Method of Test for Flash and Fi
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10. KEY WORDS Asphalt binder, aspha
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Table 1. Performance-Graded Asphalt
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2.2 ASTM Standards: C802 Conducting
Page 19 and 20: 7. APPARATUS 7.1 Bending Beam Rheom
Page 21 and 22: 7.6 Calibrated Thermometers--Calibr
Page 23 and 24: 11.3 Perform a daily quality contro
Page 25 and 26: NOTE9.--The specified preload on th
Page 27 and 28: dG d2 --_ I d __
Page 29 and 30: CO U_ P z_ MLLI L_O° _ _ _c_ r_ j4
Page 31 and 32: m) _L wO O_ W _Z _W W_ Z w W_ 0 _ w
Page 33 and 34: 1.4 Maximum bending stress--The max
Page 35 and 36: Sy = log S(8) + log S(15) + ... log
Page 37 and 38: Z 1.3 1.2 1.1 , , .... J 1 • '; "
Page 39 and 40: T240 Test Method for Effect of Heat
Page 41 and 42: 5.2 The complex shear modulus is an
Page 43 and 44: 7. HAZARDS 7.1 Standard laboratory
Page 45 and 46: 9.1.1.2.3 A thermocouple probe shal
Page 47 and 48: Typically, reliable test results ma
Page 49 and 50: figure 1 can be generated by gradua
Page 51 and 52: 150 "ZERO" STRAIN VALUE O" STRAIN V
Page 53 and 54: T179 Test Method for Effect of Heat
Page 55 and 56: 5.3 For evaluating an asphalt binde
Page 57 and 58: time. A change in the load signal e
Page 59 and 60: 9.1.1 Load cell--Verify calibration
Page 61 and 62: 11.2 Immediately after demolding, p
Page 63 and 64: 13.1.5 the average failure strain,
Page 65 and 66: IA A 5,0 I 6 0 86,0 9,5 FILLET O,K.
Page 67 and 68: --__6_- -_A AL AL _ o 0 _ _ _ "_ f-
Page 69: I __;___ i --_'-- :" (_ . /_/Spring
Page 73 and 74: points within the pressure vessel a
Page 75 and 76: NOTE7.--Aging temperature in the PA
Page 77 and 78: 13. KEY WORDS Accelerated aging, el
Page 79 and 80: to temperaturetransducerand te_llpe
Page 81 and 82: 3. SUMMARY OF METHOD 3.1 The paving
Page 83 and 84: 7. PRECAUTIONS 7.1 Solvents should
Page 85 and 86: 9.4 Final Extraction and Recovery 9
Page 87 and 88: Glass Wool Plug Figure 2. Extractio
Page 89 and 90: 5.761 in I.D. 6 holes 3/16 in I.D.
Page 91 and 92: 1/4 I.D. 5 3/4 in I.D. 6 holes 5/16
Page 93 and 94: Polypropylene Cloth Filter I" .....
Page 95 and 96: 114 in I.D. 11 1/4 in I.D. 8 holes
Page 97 and 98: 3. SUMMARY OF TEST METHOD 3.1 A sol
Page 99 and 100: drying should be re-dried. Caution:
Page 101 and 102: 8.16 Clean the funnels, volumetric
Page 103 and 104: Adsorption/Desorption Testing Data
Page 105 and 106: 2.3 ASTM Standards: D 4402 Measurem
Page 107 and 108: 5.6.3 Start time of test; 5.6.4 Spe
Page 109 and 110: 9.1.1 Weigh the aggregate fractions
Page 111 and 112: 11. CALCULATIONS AND INTERPRETATION
Page 113 and 114: 3.1 Test System--The test system is
Page 115 and 116: 4.3 Determine Air Void Content--Det
Page 117 and 118: • vertical displacement of the sp
Page 119 and 120: The following engineering quantitie
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the axial actuator is under closed
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Figure 2. Platen-Specimen Assembly
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Figure 4. Positioning of Vertical a
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tO0 © © ....... OT...=.c on A TEM
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Standard Method of Test for Determi
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3. SUMMARY OF METHOD 3.1 This test
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6.5.1 For analog strip-chart record
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8. PROCEDURE 8.1 Measure the bulk s
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movement per minute. Both the horiz
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If E is greater than 0.01, substitu
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Table 1. Correction Factors for Hor
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Figure 2. Specimen Loading Frame wi
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6. APPARATUS 6.1 Environmental Cond
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9.3 Heat or cool the asphalt concre
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pressed. Otherwise, measure and rec
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10.7.2.3 Apply a repeated axial com
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11.3.1 Peak Stress (kPa) per load c
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12.1.3 Aggregate Type and Gradation
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Specimen Temperature Hi/Lo Limit Pr
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i Pressure Differential Gauge /_ 0
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I0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Ooo00 0 0 '_,Oo
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" Total Elastic 0 Ei._ 0 121 Plasti
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T201 Method of Test for Kinematic V
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6.4.4 One metal spatula or spoon 6.
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11.1.1 Asphalt Binder Grade 11.1.2
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D 1561-81a Preparation of Bituminou
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After filling, close all containers
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l i /l Gmb = . (1) B-Cwhere A = Mas
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8. REPORT 8.1 The report shall incl
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1 RAMP, ..:i!i!iiiii:i:i:i:i:i:i:i:
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3.3 Epoxy Nut to Neutral Axis of Sp
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5.1.6 Cumulative Dissipated Energy
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plot 6.1.11 Plot of Dissipated Ener
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Figure 2. Nut Epoxied to Neutral Ax
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Figure 4. Nut/Block/Screw/LVDT Conn
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0 OO £ m -r"_ mlO 5 10 4 , [ 'T I
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As a minimum, the test system, shou
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With the ink marker, trace diar_.et
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5. CALCULATIONS A_er the specime_ f
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Step Motor L,.._ Loading Rod Swivel
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ATHENA TEMPERATURECONTROLLER ii:!i:
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Standard Practice for The Laborator
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2.2 SHRP Documents B-006 Extraction
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using the same SUPERPAVE ® perform
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must be used with the modifier from
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8.2.3 Sections 8.3 and 8.4 present
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8.8.2 Conditioning and Testing--Car
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9. LABORATORY EVALUATION OF AGGREGA
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shear, volumetric and frequency swe
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12.2 The HMA plant should produce t
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Table 1. Modifier Selection and Cha
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Table 5. Guidelines for Binder Modi
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Standard Practice for Grading or Ve
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6. TEST PROCEDURE FOR GRADING AN UN
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7. TEST PROCEDURE FOR VERIFYING THE
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8. REPORT 8.1 If the grade of the a
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1.4 In order to attain adequate pre
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5.4 Calculate the bulk specific gra
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Standard Practice for Measurement o
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Table 1. Test Matrix for Level 2 Mi
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6. SPECIMEN PREPARATION 6.1 All tes
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Record axial deformation, shear def
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7.3.5 Since the specimen will be su
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NOTE 15.--At each temperature, the
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Table 7. Time Estimate for Level 2
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NOTEA1.2.--This stress-controlled t
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