Proceedings of the Asia regional workshop on the

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Conclusion and recommendations One <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> primary objectives for managing and controlling pesticides is to ensure that <strong>the</strong> product is effective for <strong>the</strong> control <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> target pest while causing little or no deleterious effect to man, non-target organisms and <strong>the</strong> environment as a whole. Like <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r regions, this region has been using many environment unfriendly chemicals and processes, which has led to <strong>the</strong> pesticide problem. Government policies still favor pesticides and high subsidies exist, while newer IPM products are taxed at high rates. The government should foster IPM by removing subsidies on <strong>the</strong> least desirable pesticides while removing taxes from IPM products. These economic incentives would go a long way in changing <strong>the</strong> practices <strong>of</strong> farmers. This recommendation is in line with recent changes in government policy where IPM methods are to be preferred over pesticide usage. Pesticides should only be supplied that meet international standards <strong>of</strong> quality and are packaged and labeled as appropriate in <strong>the</strong> line <strong>of</strong> code <strong>of</strong> conduct that is adequate for farmers to ensure safe and effective use Alternatives should be safe and effective and new technologies should be provided at affordable cost. People <strong>of</strong> LDC countries need to encourage and promote <strong>the</strong> development <strong>of</strong> indigenous technology and traditional method <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> plant diseases, insect pest control and vector borne diseases control at national and <strong>regional</strong> level. Keeping in view <strong>the</strong> problem <strong>of</strong> residue <strong>of</strong> pesticides in different components including food items, <strong>the</strong> Government should educate and advocate an IPM and <strong>the</strong> methods don’t go for demonstration only but validation on large scale. Effective registration, licensing, quality control, food residue analysis and o<strong>the</strong>r enforcement measures including monitoring and testing will be needed. In Nepal it is high time to develop Chemical Safety Programmers-risk management strategies and know-how for coping with chemical accidents and set up <strong>of</strong> a Central Authority for chemical safety management <strong>of</strong> toxic chemicals, and Government needs to promote awareness <strong>of</strong> responsibilities under <strong>the</strong> Code <strong>of</strong> Conduct on Pesticides and relevant FAO Guidelines and should implement international agreements regulating trade and use hazardous chemicals and upgrade facilities for chemical analysis. - 135 -
QUESTIONNAIRE SUMMARY Nepal Selected Country Statistics: Agricultural Population 22.8 million Agricultural Land 3.2 million ha GDP $5 835 million Agric. GDP: 40.8% GNI per capita: $240 Hunger: 17% FAOSTAT Pesticide Data Export $0.001 million Import: $0.66 million Use: GDP = Gross Domestic Product; GNI = Gross National Income; Hunger = Population below minimum energy requirement; FAOSTAT = latest data entry between 1998 and 2002 Institutional Pr<strong>of</strong>ile Ministry Legislation Registration Licensing Enforcement Testing Training Monitoring Environm. Health Agriculture Environment Health Industry Associations: PRMD PRMD PRMD, Dist. NRAC PRMD, Dist. PRMD PRMD Non-Governmental Associations: Soc. <strong>of</strong> Environment Journalist, Nepal Forum <strong>of</strong> Environmental Journalist A. Pest and Pesticide Management IPM policy declared? Yes IPM mentioned in… Crop Protection Policy? Yes Agric. Sector Policy? Yes O<strong>the</strong>r laws/documents? Yes National IPM Program? Yes Dept: DoA IPM extension projects? Yes IPM research projects? Yes Pest resistance problems? Yes B. Testing, Quality Control and Effects Laws for pesticide specifications? Yes Low quality products in market? Yes Quality control laboratory? Yes Own analyses in 2004: 10 Outside analyses in 2004: C. Health and Environmental Information Data on pesticide poisoning cases? Yes occupational exposure cases: 15 accidental exposure cases: 660 intentional/suicide cases: 1 368 Pesticide poison facilities? ? Number <strong>of</strong> facilities: Poison Information and Control Centers? Yes Number <strong>of</strong> centers: 1 Significant environmental contamination? ? Data on effects on wildlife & ecosystems? ? Pesticide residue monitoring system? Yes Number <strong>of</strong> analyses 2004: 124 Questionnaire responses: Yes = Yes; -- = No; ? = don’t know; (blank) = no answer - 136 - D. Pesticide Manufacture, Use and Trade Pesticide Volume Tons $’000 Value Imports 178 2 600 Manufacture Exports Sales 145 2 100 Pesticide Use Pr<strong>of</strong>ile Tons $’000 Value Agriculture (total) 142 2 050 Insecticides 48% Fungicides 46% Herbicides 4% O<strong>the</strong>r 1% Veterinary Public Health Household O<strong>the</strong>r TOTAL 142 2 050 E. Selected Standards <strong>of</strong> Code <strong>of</strong> Conduct Illegal trade estimates? -- Estimated amount 2004 Collection <strong>of</strong> old containers and pesticides? Yes Inventory <strong>of</strong> outdated/obsolete products? Yes Operational pesticide registration system? Yes Violations in 2004 Existing facility licensing system? Yes Inspections in 2004 Highly toxic products restricted? Yes
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PROCEEDINGS Asia R
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Foreword The year 2005 coincides wi
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Table of Contents
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MoH Ministry of He
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Ladies and gentlemen, Pesticides sh
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Group Photo REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON IN
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Upon adoption the
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● The Code, togethe</stro
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1.3 Management of
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1.4 Strategies for pesticide manage
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1.6 Pesticide Action Network’s pe
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Use of pesticides
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valid for three years and renewable
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Lack of residue mo
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Introduction - 30 - CAMBODIA by Lor
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Objectives of IPM
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C. Health and environmental informa
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There are small amounts of<
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Pesticide Control Punishment Penalt
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● DAALI, National IPM and NGOs sh
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- 42 - Cambodia Annex 1 Sub-decree
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LIST OF PESTICIDES BANNED FOR USE I
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No. COMMON NAMES USE 84 Methomyl I
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LIST OF PESTICIDES PERMITTED FOR US
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No. COMMON NAMES USE 93 Oxadiazon H
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Introduction - 52 - CHINA by Jianpi
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Technical norms Pesticides manageme
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2. Carbofuran is h
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The packaging of p
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QUESTIONNAIRE SUMMARY China Selecte
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The draft version of</stron
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A. Management of p
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It is considered that accelerating
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microorganism pesticides developed
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Conclusion and comments Some succes
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Introduction - 72 - INDIA by Ms Muk
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Infrastructural Development ● Set
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15. Participation of</stron
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C. Health and environmental informa
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Conclusions and comments Area <stro
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QUESTIONAIRE SUMMARY India Selected
Page 91 and 92: international institution such as F
Page 93 and 94: withdrawals from registration and s
Page 95 and 96: REGISTERED CHEMICAL GROUP The chemi
Page 97 and 98: 24. The certificate of</str
Page 99 and 100: CLASSIFICATION (1) Based on physica
Page 101 and 102: (2) Provisional permission is grant
Page 103 and 104: PROCEDURE OF REGISTRATION (1) The a
Page 105 and 106: Packaging (3) Each container must b
Page 107 and 108: QUESTIONNAIRE SUMMARY Indonesia Sel
Page 109 and 110: Before 1988, only the</stro
Page 111 and 112: No Commonnam Trade name WHO 5 Dluro
Page 113 and 114: QUESTIONNAIRE SUMMARY Lao PDR Selec
Page 115 and 116: (Wood 1971; Conway, 1971), oil palm
Page 117 and 118: ● Legislation makes it mandatory
Page 119 and 120: ● Restriction on the</str
Page 121 and 122: Problems relating to pesticides tha
Page 123 and 124: QUESTIONNAIRE SUMMARY Malaysia Sele
Page 125 and 126: Amendment of regis
Page 127 and 128: Distribution of <s
Page 129 and 130: The import of pest
Page 131 and 132: Licenses under the
Page 133 and 134: Conclusions and comments In Myanmar
Page 135 and 136: PESTICIDE MANAGEMENT IN NEPAL: In v
Page 137 and 138: Objective ● To contribute to sust
Page 139 and 140: the Department <st
Page 141: HMG/Nepal is executing a project en
Page 145 and 146: used products are eithe</st
Page 147 and 148: Labelling The Agricultural Pesticid
Page 149 and 150: LIST OF PESTICIDES BANNED IN PAKIST
Page 151 and 152: Introduction - 144 - PHILIPPINES by
Page 153 and 154: QUESTIONNAIRE SUMMARY Philippines S
Page 155 and 156: Applicant (Formulator or Importer)
Page 157 and 158: Pesticide quality analysis To revis
Page 159 and 160: Comments Korea government has set <
Page 161 and 162: Introduction - 154 - SINGAPORE by A
Page 163 and 164: QUESTIONNAIRE SUMMARY Singapore Sel
Page 165 and 166: involved. Agriculture is th
Page 167 and 168: Department of Agri
Page 169 and 170: Myths in the farmi
Page 171 and 172: The misconception that chemical pes
Page 173 and 174: edible part of cro
Page 175 and 176: Poisonings in occupationally expose
Page 177 and 178: sediments in Hambantota coastal zon
Page 179 and 180: Registrar of Pesti
Page 181 and 182: US Environmental Protection Agency.
Page 183 and 184: Introduction - 176 - THAILAND by Pa
Page 185 and 186: According to Bureau of</str
Page 187 and 188: Pesticide residues in food are regu
Page 189 and 190: National Legislation and Enforcemen
Page 191 and 192: Introduction - 184 - VIET NAM by Do
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National IPM Program in Viet Nam
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E. Selected standards ● Ordinance
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QUESTIONNAIRE SUMMARY Viet Nam Sele
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According to the r
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Pesticide management All countries
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C. Health Information C. Health Inf
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clearly show, foodgrain production
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3.3 Policy development for rational
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3.4 Feedback to new monitoring guid
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A. Pest and pesticide management Im
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C. Health and environment Important
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E. Selected standards Important iss
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5. Priorities, strategy plan and re
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10. While recognising huge differen
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Registration Opening Session Worksh
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14:00 - 15:00 Open forum discussion
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Malaysia Mr. Md Sufian Yek Bin Md J
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World Health Organization (WHO) Dr.
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DPR Korea 1. Law of</strong
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Thailand 1. The Hazardous Substance
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Banned and restricted pesticides -
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POP PIC Bangladesh Cambodia Indones
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Singapore OC, Pesticide Registratio
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Republic of Korea
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Malaysia Department of</str
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Bangladesh BARI BRRI BTRI SRTI BJRI
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Indonesia Ministry of</stro
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Bangladesh Crop Protection Associat
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On-line resources Countries Website
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