Proceedings of the Asia regional workshop on the

accustomed to see results right under <strong>the</strong>ir eyes. Therefore, <strong>the</strong>y are averse to adopt <strong>the</strong> programme.
Moreover, most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> bio-control agents are location/climate specific whereas temperature changes
in different areas in India are drastic most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> time. It leads to failure <strong>of</strong> bio-control agents at
several places. Therefore, education and right kind <strong>of</strong> bio-pesticides, which can survive a wide range
<strong>of</strong> climate variations, are essential for this programme to succeed.
1. Though <strong>the</strong> IPM technology in rice, sugarcane and cotton pests is fully available but <strong>the</strong>
same in o<strong>the</strong>r crops are yet to be developed.
2. Selective pesticides, effective against crop pests, but safer against natural enemies are
still not very much available.
3. One <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> basic point <strong>of</strong> IPM is ETL, which has not been worked out for all <strong>the</strong> pests
and combination <strong>of</strong> pests for different varieties and regions. Also <strong>the</strong> potential <strong>of</strong>
biocontrol agents has not been considered in ETL developed so far.
4. Techniques <strong>of</strong> mass rearing <strong>of</strong> several bioagents are still not well developed.
5. The Indian farmers, by and large not well educated and have different socio-economic
environment which is also a constraint in introducing a new technology.
6. A few IPM demonstrations here and <strong>the</strong>re in <strong>the</strong> country may not make much impact in
accepting this technology by <strong>the</strong> farming community <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> country. There is an urgent
need for extension and development efforts on large scale for transfer <strong>of</strong> IPM technology
at field level. This certainly requires a strong infrastructure and facilities.
7. Most <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> chemical pesticide manufacturers/firms/dealers are not coming forward in
strength in creating awareness among general masses about hazardous effects <strong>of</strong>
chemical pesticides and are still advocating <strong>the</strong> advantages <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir product just to sell
<strong>the</strong>m in <strong>the</strong> market for <strong>the</strong>ir own pr<strong>of</strong>its.
8. A joint survey team comprising <strong>of</strong>ficials from both Agriculture and Horticulture
University, Dept. <strong>of</strong> Agriculture & Horticulture and Centre Government be made to
monitor <strong>the</strong> build up <strong>of</strong> various pests and <strong>the</strong>ir defenders at regular intervals and
accordingly control measures should be applied.
9. Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture and Horticulture, should not fix <strong>the</strong> targets for selling <strong>the</strong>
pesticides by <strong>the</strong>ir <strong>of</strong>ficials at sales point.
10. IPM training programmes and FFS in farmer’s field be carried out on large scale
throughout <strong>the</strong> country to create awareness among farming community regarding
adverse effects <strong>of</strong> indiscriminate use <strong>of</strong> pesticides and usefulness <strong>of</strong> IPM practices.
11. One should not be depend wholly on laborers for carrying out pesticide spray.
Technically qualified person should supervise <strong>the</strong> pesticide spray programme.
12. Many spurious pesticides have hit <strong>the</strong> market on large scale. Some pesticide
manufacturers use <strong>the</strong> containers <strong>of</strong> big and popular brands to sell <strong>the</strong>ir products. So, an
effective check should be <strong>the</strong>re and defaulters should be punished.
13. Centre Government as well as State Governments must try to highlight <strong>the</strong> adverse
effects <strong>of</strong> chemical pesticides and usefulness <strong>of</strong> IPM through AIR and Doordarshan more
frequently to create awareness among <strong>the</strong> masses in general and farmers in particular.
14. Govt. should enact rules under which every farmer going for pesticidal spray beyond
specific limit must obtain prior permission from Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture and
Horticulture and <strong>the</strong> defaulters should be punished for polluting <strong>the</strong> environment.
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