Proceedings of the Asia regional workshop on the

The pattern <strong>of</strong> pesticide use differs significantly between <strong>the</strong> countries. Per hectare <strong>of</strong>
agricultural land, most pesticides are used in <strong>the</strong> Republic <strong>of</strong> Korea, followed by Malaysia.
According to <strong>the</strong> information collected, <strong>the</strong> least intensive pesticide users are Lao PDR, Cambodia
and Nepal; however, <strong>the</strong>se countries may have unrecorded pesticides from cross border trade which
would increase <strong>the</strong> actual figures.
Pesticide Use per ha agric. Land Pesticide Use Pattern
Most pesticides used are insecticides, particularly in Pakistan, Cambodia, Myanmar, India
and Bangladesh. Herbicides dominate <strong>the</strong> markets in Thailand, Malaysia and Sri Lanka where <strong>the</strong>y
are used in plantation crops. The country with <strong>the</strong> largest share <strong>of</strong> fungicides was Nepal.
A low pesticide price was not correlated with
intensive use. The Republic <strong>of</strong> Korea has both <strong>the</strong>
highest unit price and <strong>the</strong> highest consumption.
Malaysia, <strong>the</strong> second most intensive pesticide
user, however, has <strong>the</strong> lowest reported pesticide
prices. O<strong>the</strong>r low-price countries with less than
US$2 per kg formulated product were Cambodia,
Pakistan and Thailand.
Pesticide expenditures in relation to <strong>the</strong>
agricultural GNP or <strong>the</strong> per capita income again
were <strong>the</strong> highest in <strong>the</strong> Republic <strong>of</strong> Korea, followed
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Rep. <strong>of</strong>
Korea
China
Viet Nam
Sri Lanka
Malaysia
Philippines
Pakistan
Thailand
India
Bangladesh
Nepal
Lao PDR
Cambodia
Rep. <strong>of</strong> Korea
Sri Lanka
China
Philippines
Lao PDR
India
DPR Korea
Myanmar
Nepal
Bangladesh
Viet Nam
Thailand
Pakistan
Cambodia
Malaysia
Cost per kg <strong>of</strong> Product
0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5
% per capita income
US$ per kg formulated product
by China. It was <strong>the</strong> lowest in Cambodia, Lao PDR and Nepal which are predominantly agricultural
countries with more than 30 percent <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir GNP coming from agriculture, and at <strong>the</strong> same time
having <strong>the</strong> lowest per capita income.
Pesticide Expenditures in % <strong>of</strong> Agric. GNP Pesticide Expenditures per Rural Person
in % <strong>of</strong> Per Capita Income
Log $ Pesticide/Rural Person
1 000
100
10
1
0 2 000 4 000 6 000 8 000 10 000 12 000
0
-1
per capita income