Direct Energy, 2018a

12 RELATING ENERGY CONVERSION PROCESSES 287
Energy
storage
device
Battery,
fuel cell
Battery,
fuel cell
Battery,
fuel cell,
chemical
bonds of an
atom
Battery,
fuel cell,
chemical
bonds of an
atom
Generalized
Path
Generalized
Potential
Generalized
Capacity
Charge Redox
density ρ ch potential
in
m C (voltage)
3
V rp in volts
Redox
potential
(voltage)
V rp in volts
Capacitance
C in farads
Number of
electrons N
Charge Chemical
Density ρ ch potential
in
m C μ 3 chem in
J
atom
1
Inverse of
C
energy gap
1
E g
=
∂N
∂μ chem
Chemical
potential
μ chem in
J
atom
Number of
electrons N
Energy gap
E g = ∂μ chem
∂N
in J
Constitutive
relationship
Energy
Law for
potential
´
ρch dV = V rp ´
=
1
CV rp ρch dV
C
´V ρ chV rp dV ´
Nernst eq.
(KVL)
ΔN = Δμ chem =
1
E g
Δμ chem E g ΔN
V ρ chV rp dV Nμ chem Nμ chem
Conservation
of Charge
Nernst eq.
(KVL)
Conservation
of Charge
This
column
assumes
no variation
in θ or φ
no variation
in θ or φ
no variation
in θ or φ
no variation
in θ or φ
Table 12.8:
variations.
Describing chemical systems in the language of calculus of