1 - NGA

I
MIL-HDBK-850
continents to be recentered on seversl
rrsrridii, so es 10 Sttain good Overafl shape. ff
isusadwidely ferrnsps decur-mnrrk
daribtkma.
gora-1. (surveying) An irregulmly shaped
trsd 04 ksrrd, ganarsfty triangular, left between
%X%’~gir%lW&r%~&&%&&%s a
rsmnsnf d a systematic sursay. 2. (globe) A
hDI&&s3fx3d rnep Whbh tMy bS f~r3d tO the
surface of a gfoba wi!h a rraghgible amount of
dtiortiin.
Govornmant Open Systems
Intarconrmctlon Protocol (GOSIP)-The
exact sequence of bds, chsrader6, end coriml
cades used to transfer deta between mrr-pufers
and peripherals through a commurricdii
channel.
graddlon-llm range of tones (mm the
brightest highlights to the dae+mar shsdews.
gmdo cormctlon-(iand surveying) A
rmrradion a@ied 10 a dslance mesaured on e
dope 10 reduce il to a horizontal distance
between W vertical lines through its erd ~ints.
Also csllacl cormctlon la tnclhmtion of
tape; Incllnatlon correction; clopo
corroctlon.
grada-The rate of slope or degree of
inclination. see also gradlant,
gradient sped-l%e speed of e
phologmphw material determined on Ihe bssis
of the esposure con~nding to a pmticulsr
grsdiint ef the chsrecreristic curve.
gradlerst tints-see hypsometrlc tlntlng.
gradlentsw—An attachment 10 an engineets
trsnsk with which m angte of irwliibn is
maasumd in terms d tha fangent of the angle
rather thsn in degrees end minutes. If rnsy be
used as a telemeter in measuring horizontal
distam.
gradlont—1. A rate of rise er fall of e quantify
agsinsf horizontal d~tance expressed ss a mtio.
decimal. frsction, pemsrnlage, or the tangent of
the angis of hclinat’km. Also called percent of
slop.; alopa. 2. The rate of increase or
dacraasa of one quantify with reaped to
another.
gradlomotar-An instrument used 10 measure
108
gmvify gmdienfs.
graduation ●rror—lnsccumcy in the
gredusbns of the scale of an inetnarrsm
Gmf sea gravlnratoti balance-type gmvity
rrratar designed for ooasn surveys wtridr
censisfs ofamsss attheend ofafrorizorrtal
arm Ihst is .sqJPorted by e fcnaien spring
mtstiinal exis.
gmln dlractlon-lhe afignrnsnt of psper
fibers persllel to the rnuverrrerrl cm the peper
machine during msnufectum.
gralnad wmfaca=The roughened or irregufsr
surface of an offset printing pfste.
gralnlng-The mechanical roughening or
grinding et an abmsive into the autfsce of n
metel press plste to increase the aurfeca arae
and impmve the water receptiveness ef the
surface.
grain-l. (phelegmphy) One of the discrete
silver psrricles resulting fmm the development of
an expo+ light-sensitive nrster”kd. The mndom
distribution of these psr7icles in an ares of
uniform ex~sure gives rise to the qpssmnce
known as “gmininess.’ 2. (psper) See gmln
direction. 3. (Itifregraphy) See grelned
surface.
granularity—llw graininess cd a devebped
photographic irnsge: evident psrtiiuiarfy en
enlsrgernsnts, thstISdue either to
agglomamtiis d develcpd gmine or to an
overfspping psffem ef grains,
Graphic Karnal System (GKS)—An ISO
standard for computer graphics pmgmrwnring
which contains furrckns for outputting graphical
primitives, controlling the apposrsnce of
graphd prknifiwea with attributes, oonfrdling
grsphicsl workatatkma, controlling
tmnsformsticms and cmrdinete syaserna,
generating and controlling groups of pnmttiies
cslled segments, tieining graphicsl input,
rnsnipulating groups of dev”wa-independent
irrstnxfions cslfsd metafilea, inquiring the
cspsbifiiies end ststes ef the grsphiis system,
end hsndfing et-mm.
graphic producte-A grephic pmdud msy be
e~~ofemaporckrt, orihera$rrorrratenal
used to produce the rnsp or chsrt.
gmphlc scda-(JCS) A gmdualed line by