1 - NGA

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orthogrrqhic proj@ion,
orthographic map proJoctlon- A
perapadtie azimuthal projecikm in whkh the
projecting has, emawrting fmm a pairl al
itinity, are perpandiilsr 10 s tangsrrt pfane.
This pmjectii is usad chirtRy in navigational
aatmnorrry for intamerrv erting cmrd@tas of the
caksfii equator and horizon systems. Ako
celled otihogonal map projoctlon.
o~hom9trlc correction-A aystemat’c
wrracfion whkh mual km ap@d to measured
dfierence observed through Ievefing.
orthometrlc .lovstloAn elevation to
wtrii the orthcmetric Oorr@ien has beam
applied.
orfhomorphlc chert-A charl on vdich very
small shapes are eorrectfy rsqmssenlad.
orfhomorphk mep projection—See
conformal mep projection.
orfhophotograph-A phetogrephic copy,
prepared from a perspective photograph, in
which Ihe d rspkamants of images due to tift
and relief have been removed.
orthopttotomap-A photomsp made from an
assembly cd orfhophotographs. It may
incorporate special cartographic tmetment,
phetogmphc edge enhancement, color
=W@iono Or a mmbinatkm of these.
orthophotomoealo-An ecaembty of
orlhopho!egrephs forming e uniform scale
mosaic.
orfhophotoscope-A phelomaohanical
device, used for producing orthophetogrspfas.
orfhoplctomep--A pictomap made from an
Orfhepholornap base.
erfhorectfflcatlon-’f%e process of rerrmving
imege displacement rmuead by tifl end tamain
rafief. Tift, howevar, is not relevant in radar
images.
orfhost#rooocopy-A ccmkliiien wherein the
horizontal and vertksl dstancas in e
6teraoecmpic model appear to be at the rame
ecale.
osclllatlort-A double motion. one in each
MIL-HDBK-850
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dkactbn, of a pendulum. An osdflatbn is
Corqlosad of fwe wccasive vbratbna.
osculating ●lemont~The elaments that
defins en osculating orbii. See eteo oeculatlng
orbit.
oaculatlng ●lllpaO-An eliiiee thet Is tangent
at a point (called tha ●poch of oaculatlon) to
a real Ohit.
oaculatlng orbit-l%a ellipse that a ratellffe
weukf felbw aftar a specifii time Y (the epoch
of 06Cufatti) if aU fercs@ cAher than oenfml
inverse squere forcae cee~ to act frem time
Y’ on. An -feting orbd is tangent to the msd
pcsturbad erbif and hsa the same vekcity at fhe
point of tangency.
other grids-t3rids other than tha Univarael
Tmnsvarsa Mercator (UTM) and Universal Pofar
Star~raphic (UPS), such as Caylcm Bett, Indii
Zerre 11A,West Melaysisn RSO (Metric) Grid,
etc.
oufer Orl.sntsrtiOn-See ●xtcrrlor
orientation.
outer planet—The planets with orbiis terger
than that of Mars; i.e., Jupiler, Saturn, Urenus,
Neptune, and Pluto.
outlier-A rnaasurament which dose net fd the
remainder ot rnsasuremenls of the same
quantity, where the reason for the discre~ncy
cannof be assessed.
oufllne ma~(JCS) A map which represents
just sufficient geographic information to permit
the correletien of addiiiensl data pfsced upon it.
ovorcharglng—Appfy ing axcessive edrMenal
infonnetien (semrsufiql or navigstionaf) to a
map or chari resufling in cluttar.
overhang+eerial photography) The addlt”mnal
exposures beyond the boundary of an area to
ba photographed, usualfy two ezpaeur~ at the
ends d each strip 10 assure corrplste
stereoscopic covarage.
ovorlapplng grid-A mapr grid from a
neighboring sraa prirneri~ intended to facilitate
mifitary surveying amf fire-control. Sss eko
major grid: secondery grid.
ovorlapplng mosn-See coneocutlvo