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Ioxodromlc curve-See rtrumb line. lunar celestiel equator—A great circle on the celestiaf sphere in the plane of the Moon’s equator, i.e., in a plane perpendicular to the Moon’s axis of rotat ton. lunar chart-A charl showing the surlace 01 the Moon. lunar cycla-Any cycle related 10 the Moon, particularly the Callippic cycle or Ihe MeIonic cycle. See also saros. lunar day—The interval between two successive upper transits of Ihe Moon over a local meridian. The period of Ihe mean lunar day, approximately 24.S4 solar hours, Is derived from the rotation of the Earth on its SXiS relative to the movement of the Moon aboul the Earth. Also called tldaf day. lunar declination—Angular distance 01 the Mcen expressed in degrees north or south of the ceieslial equator; it is indicated as posllive wnen norm. and negative when south of lhe equa!or. Also called declination of the Moon. lunar dla!ance—The angle between the line of sight toward Ihe Moon and the line o! sight toward another celestial bedy at Ihe point 01 an observer on lhe Earth. lunar aartfselde than—A chart showing that portion of lha Moon% surtace visible from” the Earlh, lunar ecllpae-The phenomenon observed when the Moon enlers Ihe shadow of the Earth. A lunar eclipse is partial if only part ot ifs surface is obscured; and tolal if the entire surface is obscured. lunar equation—A Iaclor used m reduce observatbms of celestial bodies to the barycenter of the Earlh-Moon system. lunar faralde chart-A chart showing that portion of the Moon’s surface rwt visible from the Earth. Iuner Inequellt y—1. Variation in the Moon’s motion in its orbit, due to attraction MIL-HDBK-850 149 by other bodies of the solar system. Sae also evectlon; parlurbatlon. 2. A rninu!e fluctuation ot a magnetic needle horn fts maan pcsltiin, caused by Ihe Moon. lunar Interval-The dltferance in lime behveen the transit of tha Moon over the Greenwich meridian and a local meridian. The lunar interval equals the diflemnce between the Greenwich and total intenfala of a tide or current phase. lunar month—See aynodlcal month. Iuna r nods-A node of the Moon’s orbii. tunar parallax—The horizontal parallax or the geocentric parallax of the Moon. lunar aatelllte-A man-made safellite that makes one or more revolutions about the Moon. Iuner tida-Thai part ot the tide caused solely by the tide-producing forces of the Moon as distinguished trom that parl caused by the tortes Of the Sun. lunar Urns-l. Time based upon the rotation of Ihe Earth relative to the Moon. 2. Time on the Moon. See also Greenwich lunar time; local lunar time. lunatlon—See aynodlcal month. I u ne—Thai part ot the sutlace of a sphere bounded by halves of two great circles. lunlcentrlc—See ealenocentric. .Iu nlaolar effect—Gravitational elf acls caused by lhe a!lraction of fhe Moon and of the Sun. Iunlsolar perturbation-Perfurbafions of artificial satellite orbits due to the attractions of the Sun and the Moon. Tha mosf Imporlanl effects are secular variations in me mean anomaly, in the right ascension 01 the ascanding node, and in the argument of perigee. All other orbital elements, except the mapr semiaxis, undergo long periodic changes. Iunlsolar preceaalon—lhat component ‘of
I general precession caused by the mnbined effect of the Sun and Moon on the equatorial perturbance of !he Earth, Woducing a westward rrmtion 01 the equinoxes along the ecliptic. MIL-HDBK-850 Iunltldal lntenraf-The interval between the Mmn’s transit (upper or lower) over the bSal Or Greenwich rneriilan and lhe folbwing hqh or low water. The average of all hl~h water Inlervals tor all phaSeS 01 the Moon, Ihe mean high waler Iunllldal interval, is abbreviated 10 high waler intarval. SimUarly, the mean low water Iunllicfal interval is abbreviated to 10Wwater Interval. The h~h water or bw water interval is daacribed as bcal or Greenwich according to whether the reference is to the transit over ihe local or the Greenwich meridian. Also called establishment. . . .. . , 150
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I ,~ I AMSC WA MILITARY HANDBOOK GI
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I MIL-HDBK-B50 CONTENTS 2. APPLICAB
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I I 2.1 ~ MIL-HDBK-850 2. APPLICABL
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I The Ilmifs or range wnhin which a
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1 aerlsil ptrotogrcphlc reconrsaiss
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I I I MIL-HDBK-850 a pWC6ntag6; r6f
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I I diiital devices. amphlblouo ●
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I ●rrgfe of rofractlon-The angle
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I I magnetic enomaly. MIL-HDBK-850
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I I the C+WSOf an orbii about the E
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! I I faces, oomrnonfy expressed as
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stetronomlc deta-DMgnatfon of epoch
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I 1 ettrtbuto tagging-The process o
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I , ( I axlo ot perspsrctlve-See ax
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MIL-HDBK-850 Bacfro-Wurdom hams-lln
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I I 1 MIL-HDBK-850 on a parallel of
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sphere fmm a polm on the Earth. 3.
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I Boston Iavollng rod-A two-piece r
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MIL-HDBK-850 brokon tspe meeessramo
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I I I,/ I I calibratlort-The ecf or
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I step cast in the pmducf ion of re
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I MIL-HDBK-850 achieved by a parl
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; by a shutter or other device to p
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,. This rney be measured, and the p
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, MIL-HDBK-850 col~ldawe method-1.
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1. 1 . . . . MIL-HDBK-850 en~w###rf
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4 approximately 4S:1. , MIL-HDBK-B5
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I pondlng Image rays. ,,. . MIL-HDB
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I ,., . . MIL-HDBK-B50 contour eket
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; [ related products. See also map
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MIL-HDBK-850 notices, chart updale
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MIL-HDBK-850 Croso.Country Mmmrnont
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1 . - MIL-HDBK-850 cylindrical equa
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MIL-HDBK-850 data ●ncodlng-To app
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. ..- MIL-HDBK-850 degree 01 clartt
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equator of ns fnimary from north to
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’ I Dlgltal Elovatlon Model (DEM)
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measurement 01 film speed. tYlopter
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dleplacsrment; Illt displacement; x
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called double shooting. See also co
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. . . MIL-HDBK-850 dynamk height-A
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I $ II I I II II eccentricity of sp
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1’ I between the times 01 lransm
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I radm range atatiina. Also called
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! latitude. See also atrtronomlc eq
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I escape and evasion graphic—A ma
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l-number—See relative aperture. f
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.. . . . MIL-HDBK-850 the approach
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. .. . . . . . . field shaat-The hy
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., .,. !,- fix—A relatively accur
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individual major error sources with
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, 1 1 determine the meridian altitu
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measurements obtained by echo sound
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successive returns of the Sun 10 a
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flrot polnf of Cancer-See summer eo
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Page 113 and 114: Frosnsd larr-A lens which corsslsls
Page 115 and 116: ’ tattiles the twsds of a lwosd r
Page 117 and 118: I l podstk kt\tude-The angle whiih
Page 119 and 120: MIL-HDBK-B50 splwre formed by the i
Page 121 and 122: I MIL-HDBK-850 continents to be rec
Page 123 and 124: I MIL-HDBK-B50 from the attraction
Page 125 and 126: I meridian through 24 hours; Greenw
Page 127 and 128: control; tmvorso. ground data-see g
Page 129 and 130: I I I I I H and D curva-See charact
Page 131 and 132: i I I I I I I I haza-The radiance o
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Page 135 and 136: I Hormbow Irwol attachment-A level
Page 137 and 138: — angles and horizontal dslances.
Page 139 and 140: MIL-HDBK-850 are not limited to, im
Page 141 and 142: inequality—A systematic deparfure
Page 143 and 144: i Intercardlnal polnl—Any of the
Page 145 and 146: ’ lnvswhsble ponduium—A pendulu
Page 147 and 148: geographic Iatiiudes on the spheroi
Page 149 and 150: MIL-HDBK-850 K including inexact, h
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Page 153 and 154: ecomes visible upon processing. Int
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Page 157 and 158: fearure. MIL-HDBK-850 Ilne tr_A tre
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Page 161: I I !I low water datum-An approxima
Page 165 and 166: magnetic dlp circle-An instrument f
Page 167 and 168: I , maporchafl. See also overlappin
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Page 173 and 174: I I I I errore. mean sum--see flctl
Page 175 and 176: to the lengths of meridians In orde
Page 177 and 178: atnxcture of lhe DMA Digital Produc
Page 179 and 180: identifiable feature data from a si
Page 181 and 182: I I I I nadir polnl—See photogrep
Page 183 and 184: obtained. Also called concave dlver
Page 185 and 186: MIL-HDBK-850 observation, condition
Page 187 and 188: 1 ob)ect orlontad-A design and prog
Page 189 and 190: odograph+ mschenk-sl instrument con
Page 191 and 192: d~lacemenf increasing with the thic
Page 193 and 194: ‘1 ( ‘1 orthogrrqhic proj@ion,
Page 195 and 196: panchromatic-(photography) SensKwe
Page 197 and 198: I I I update, corrplefe, or density
Page 199 and 200: porspectlvo chm’t-A chari on a pe
Page 201 and 202: photogrammotrlc conWf-(JCS) Control
Page 203 and 204: pkrnirrudric map whiih km bean rwia
Page 205 and 206: 1 plan. polar coordinator-A system
Page 207 and 208: I plus polnt~ inWmadiite point on a
Page 209 and 210: I I I I I I polar diamotor-Tha dmnv
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gaographc positiina detfvad from ae
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prlrrclpd 8tatlon-See main schema s
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enferging w reducing the Lmage C4 a
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quad corner IIraao-A user-defined m
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adar raturn ●islysla-Those items
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, . .. . MIL-HDBK-850 mndorn lhw-A
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I dmvering the true identity of en
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I , ! I 1 ’ ; besis for compsrkn
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obtsinad by dikling ths total error
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calibrat”m film dkifort”m used
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MIL-HDBK-850 rovolutlon-1. The turn
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ubborbrmd-The abWy to fa the encb o
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“- satsrlllte; lunar satellite; N
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soamloss data baaa-A data base afrt
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1 MIL-HDBK-850 variatkm d ii or str
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I ddinetti in a random manner m-d,
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MIL-HDBK-850 performing sight reduc
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etween We points not et the earns f
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I I rnurce rafhemsnt, and gaopoaiti
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i MIL-HDBK-850 sphorfcal ●xcosa-l
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aadicm paper and drawn to tha acsle
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MIL-HDBK-850 station msrk-A mark on
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MIL-HDBK-850 stwwoacopic modof-(JCS
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subaqueous rocontmlssanco sunmy—A
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I *tbn, Oarabliahsd to increasethe
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’ 1 I calibrated tspa, there till
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tengsntld distortion-Linear displac
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toleacope-An optiil instrument used
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torrestrld natlmm. tmr.strlal morld
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tfdal bench mark-A bench mark S* to
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, , tlmo gamma curvs-$ae characteri
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I I left of, is a nade where five s
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I 1 tmrwtt micrometer contact corra
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! tmvwae ●ngl a4Aaawrwnerrt of th
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I I I I i ,. andwith allthMS. S-S6S
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I I I I i, I I I 1 and with dl tfVS
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1’ 1 I I I I 1, I ! .. .. grevifb
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I MIL-HDBK-850 I unldlmortcrlonal r
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vacuum box-The frame, wrrfeinirrg i
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I I I I I Ihe p0b6. AfsC ded ●pOX
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virtual Image-An image that cannot
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I frequarrsy of Occwranos of varieu
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1, I I I 1 MIL-HDBK-8S0 x+xle-i .(J
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I i MIL-HDBK-E150 z+xis—in a thre
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I gwi Clct CLD CM CMAS co COMIREX C
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I HA HOOT HOT HWS HHW HHWf HIMAN ti
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1, I I I PTADB Pvc Pvl Pvoo PVT Pn
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Board on Geographic Na~ti~BGN)-An a
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A.2. Abbfeviatiau. 235 Amnyms, 2ss
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