1 - NGA

“-
satsrlllte; lunar satellite; NAVSTAR
Global Podtlonlng Systsm; Navy
Nav@tlon Sat*lllt. Syatam; passlva
●atelllta; polar satelllto; synchronous
8at*lllt9.
ssturabl. rsactor—See flux-gat.
magnatomat.r.
scalar-Any phy~icsl quantity wksa fidd can
k described by a single numerical value at
each point in apace. A scalar quant”~ is
distinguished from a veder quantify by the fact
that a scalar quantity pe asasaas enly
m%@fude, whereas a vactor.quantify
PIXSSSSSS both magnitude and duaction.
scale chacklng-1. The process of
determining the scale of en aerial photograph,
w more correctly, the altitude above sea level
which best fiis the print, 2. (stereecompifation)
The process of determining the scsfe of a
vertical phologmph for points at a specific
elevation and the subsequent measurement of
dirwlien and distance therefrom.
Scafo error-A systematic error in the lengths
@ su~ey.finas *ual&.,prowrt”Dnal to lb
“ ‘“”lengths of the “lines. See alse Instrument
err-or.
MIL-HDBK-850
acafe factor—A muffipfier for reducing a
d~tance obtained from a map by computation
or scaling to the actual distance on the datum of
the map. Afso, in the state coorcfhate systems,
scale factors are sppfied to gaedetia lengths to
obtain grid Lengths, or to grid lengths 10 obtain
gacdelic lengths. Solh are lengths on e sea
Ieval datum. but the mid Iarmths are aff=ted bv
Ihe scale change of ~he me; prbjecfion. -
scale lndlcator~ Iegarilhm’k scale devised
as a rapid end convenient methed of
defemnining the natural ~le of e map from the
dwiskms marked on the grsphk scales, or fmm
the intervals of Isfiiude en a map.
scale of raproductlon-The enlargement or
reduction r8tio of an original to the final copy.
Thfs rstie is exprsssed as a dismetar, percent,
times (X), or a frsctii. Afso called
enlargommtt facto~ roductlon fector;
reproduction ratio. See also contact 8120;
diametar ●nlargement: mnka Ilno;
porcant of ●rtlargamontfroductlon; tlmos
(X) ●nlargamant.
scale-ratio moaalc-lm assembly of
224
photogrspfvic prints bruught to a cemmon
by prejsction printing 10 sde factors otrtaiii%$
fmm map distancas to allow the best FQeeibfe fii
of titigueus photo detail.
acafe-1. (JCS) The ral”m or fradkn between
the distance en a map, charl, or phdograph
and the correng distance on the surface
dthe Sarih.2. Aaeriaa ofrnsrk orgradusfkna
at definite intervals en a measuring davica or
instrument. 3. Meaeuramenf by manna d a
scale, See also compifatfon aoale;
convoralon ●calsi; ●quivalent scale;
graphic aoala; Invar ●cala; model ●oalo;
photographic ●cala; plottlrrg ●cala;
prlnclpfe ●calo; reprecentatlve fraction;
reproduction scale; scallng; x-scale; y.
●cale; z-ecalo.
scaling the model—See acallng, definition
2.
acallng-1. Alteration of the scale In
phetogremmetrfc triangulation to bring the
model into agreement wkh a plot cd herixontsf
corm-al. 2. Fitting e stereoscopic model to a
horizontal arntrel pbt. A step in ake.dute
orientation. Also called scaling the model.
3. Determining the scale of a ptmtogrsph w
graphic, 4. (cariegraphy) Sas catiomotric
ccsllng.
scan Iinoe+uccsssive parallel strips of
c@ursd data from B sensor, ‘such as a mw of a
raster grid. 10 bs printsd on e sirrgls line d a
rsstar display device; or recorded in a single
sweep of lhe mirror of an optical scanner system,
or radar scanning system: er a eingle addressing
of the finsar army detector of a puehbroom
scanner.
scan poaltional diatortlon-in a psnoremic
camera system, the dkplacement ef images of
ground points fmm their expected cylindrical
positions caused by the forwmd motion of the
vahicle as the fans scans.
acannar-1. A device for automatioalfy
converting images from maps and photographs,
or fmrn IMrI of the reel worfd into digital form. 2.
Any device that aysternat”mlly decompoaaa a
wnaad image or scene into pixels and then
records some attribute of each pixel.
ocatteromotry—A method of using radar to
measure the variation of radar aceftarfng
coefficients. These variatbna may be used by
geoscientists to discriminate between surfaces