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Protected Area Al-Khunfah Administrative features Category : The area has a core zone designated as a Special Natural Reserve, with the remainder of the area functioning effectively as a Resource Use Reserve. Date of creation : Declared 1988 (BOG). Reasons for designation : Protection of a representative area of northern plains and sandstone hills on the edge of the Great Nafud sand desert, and one of the largest populations of sand gazelle in Saudi Arabia. Responsible agency :NCWCD Size and sectors : The reserve has a total area of 20,450km2 and is divided into six sectors, ranging in size from Al Huj (2,475 km2) in the north, to Al- Assafiyah (4,475 km2) in the south-east. The core SNR sector comprises principally Ghurrub (2,875 km2). Emirate(s) : The reserve is situated in the Tabuk Emirate. Central co-ordinates : 28 o 30.00’N, 38 o 30.00’E Existing maps : The reserve is covered by the following maps: • Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources 1:2,000,000 (1983). • Landsat USGS images: 1:500,000; 200 & 204. • NCWCD map: 1: 500,000 (1988). Management plans : None Tourism strategy : None Natural Features Landscape : The area comprises gravel plateaux with sandstone outcrops, vegetated wadis and scattered dunes, particularly along the north-eastern border. 103 Climate : Mean annual rainfall, measured in Al Jouf some 200km to the north, is between 60-70mm, falling in winter and spring. Mean annual ambient temperature is 21.5oC. Water : The area contains scattered wells, some in the core zone of Ghurrub sector, but mostly in association with the small settlement of Al-Assafiyah in the south-west. Vegetation : Vegetation is largely confined to the wadis and is typical northern dwarf shrubland, dominated by chenopods, composites and perennial grasses. There are only a few trees of Acacia and Tamarix. Scenic values : Sandstone hills, incised wadis and the dunes of the Great Nafud provide scenery reminiscent of Jordan’s Wadi Rhum - a popular tourist destination.
Key animals : The following mammals are likely to be present, or have been recorded in Al-Khufah: reem gazelle, wolf (Canis lupus), Rueppell's fox (Vulpes rueppelli), red fox (Vulpes vulpes), sand cat (Felis margarita), wild cat (F. silvestris), , ratel (Mellivora capensis), Ethiopian hedgehog (Paraechinus aethiopicus), Wagner's gerbil (G. dasyurus), Sundervall's jird (Meriones crassus), Libyan jird (M. libycus), lesser jerboa (Jaculus jaculus). The area is a potential reintroduction site for Arabian oryx and ostrich. There is no current bird list for Al-Khunfah. Probability of seeing top six key animals : Reem gazelle 2 Sand cat 4 Wild cat 4 Arabian wolf 4 Ratel 4 Red/Ruppell’s fox 3 Key sites : The large vegetated wadis, e.g. Wadi Nayyal in northern Ghurrub, are important grazing areas for the gazelles. Key seasons : Winter and spring is the breeding season for the gazelles. Cultural Features Traditional uses : Livestock grazing, particularly camels, and hunting of gazelle. Cultural importance : None known. Historical features : Some prehistoric sites, consisting of stone circles, petroglyphs, flint tools, and isolated gazelle traps. PA Infrastructure Border demarcation : A ditch a dike system has been constructed along the southern and parts of the western borders to deter illegal entry. In the north-east the reserve is delimited by the start of the deep dunes of the Great Nafud. Rangers/other staff : The reserve has a complement of between 25 and thirty rangers, including a head ranger and his deputy. There are three mechanics and two cooks based at the main camp, and a cook at each of the other camps. 104 Responsibilities of rangers : NCWCD rangers primarily undertake patrols of the reserve's boundaries and interior, and secondarily provide supervision of visiting groups, and assistance with broader monitoring and research programmes as required, including liaison with scientific staff and aerial patrols; maintenance of camps and reporting of incidental wildlife sightings;. NCWCD rangers are not officially empowered to arrest or detain offenders, nor to confiscate property. Ranger chain of command : Day-to-day management of rangers camp structures is carried out by the head ranger or his deputy, under authority of NCWCD head office staff in Riyadh. Camps and other buildings : There are nine camps, at least one of which is partially mobile. The main camp(Bayan), in northern Ghurrub sector, is a large
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The Unfenced Desert
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Institute of Earth Studies Universi
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4 SUMMARY The Unfenced Desert Towar
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from human use in order to conserve
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Chapter two reviews global changes
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Chapter seven sets out the framewor
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In 1987 the report of the World Com
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and more succinctly by the Ecotouri
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infringements, environmental damage
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• policies for the development of
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“Because of the abundance and exc
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Political, economic, social and env
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Arabian Standard Oil Company), stru
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ustard Chlamydotis [undulata] macqu
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would be declared annually during t
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Al Khunfah Protected Area The over
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• Decreased application of strict
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the attitudes and awareness of a sa
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the Asir the number one summer holi
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government tourism body to co-ordin
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The next chapter looks in more deta
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Chapter 5. Public attitudes to wild
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sent copies of the questionnaire fo
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animals was chosen by 41% and 39%,
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There was little variation in the p
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Falcon 6.3% Cheetah 1.5% Camel 1.1%
Page 54 and 55: • not necessarily entail overnigh
Page 56 and 57: median 4. A total of 189 people ans
Page 58 and 59: Overall, 62% of people used private
Page 60 and 61: through the news media and may sugg
Page 62 and 63: accommodation. During vacations tou
Page 64 and 65: Each protected area can them be ass
Page 66 and 67: 3 = basic facilities absent, but re
Page 68 and 69: Summary of Tourism Development Asse
Page 70 and 71: ♦ Farasan Islands Summary Assessm
Page 72 and 73: ♦ Ibex Reserve Summary Assessment
Page 74 and 75: ♦ Mahazat as-Sayd Summary Assessm
Page 76 and 77: ♦ National Wildlife Research Cent
Page 78 and 79: Ranking 4/12 Category Group 1: High
Page 80 and 81: ♦ `Uruq Bani Ma’arid Summary As
Page 82 and 83: Area Rank Key Spp. Season Potential
Page 84 and 85: departments of Planning and Protect
Page 86 and 87: guides. The NCWCD should additional
Page 88 and 89: • Tourism revenue should aid the
Page 90 and 91: Topic 2: Training Questions to be a
Page 92 and 93: • Universities Suggested structur
Page 94 and 95: Other linkages: • Private sector
Page 96 and 97: • It is necessary to ensure that
Page 98 and 99: APPENDIX Review of NCWCD Wildlife P
Page 100 and 101: Date of creation = year of creation
Page 102 and 103: PA Infrastructure Border demarcatio
Page 106 and 107: permanent concrete structure based
Page 108 and 109: Protected Area At-Tubayq Administra
Page 110 and 111: during these period should be minim
Page 112 and 113: Nearest national sealed road : The
Page 114 and 115: Protected Area Farasan Islands Admi
Page 116 and 117: and humid in summer, spring - winte
Page 118 and 119: Nearest towns (150 km radius) : Far
Page 120 and 121: Protected Area Harrat al-Harrah Adm
Page 122 and 123: eastern Cape in southern Africa. It
Page 124 and 125: Other patrols : The NCWCD Aviation
Page 126 and 127: Cultural/historical : 3 Facilities
Page 128 and 129: Cultural Features Traditional uses
Page 130 and 131: Potential activities : Driven tours
Page 132 and 133: dorcas, reem and idmi gazelles, and
Page 134 and 135: Sensitivity / security : Safe for v
Page 136 and 137: The area’s designation allows for
Page 138 and 139: Key seasons : Re-established houbar
Page 140 and 141: Local communities involvement : Som
Page 142 and 143: Protected Area Majami’ al-Hadb Ad
Page 144 and 145: Threats to integrity : Unregulated
Page 146 and 147: Protected Area National Wildlife Re
Page 148 and 149: Responsibilities : Captive-breeding
Page 150 and 151: Wildlife : 1 Cultural/historical :
Page 152 and 153: 151 Water : Some permanent water se
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Other Stakeholders Local community
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155
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Cultural Features Traditional uses
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Administrative features Category :
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Ranger chain of command : Day-to-da
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Category Group 1: High priority for
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Child & Grainger 1990; Fisher et al
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167 Al-Dubyani, A. 2000. Kingdom to
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169 Child, G. 1989. Socio-economic
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171 Green, A. A. 1984b. Wildlife re
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173 Richter, L. K. (Eds). Tourism E
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175 Powell, E. A. 1999. Saudi Arabi
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177 Seddon, P. J., Abuzinada, A. H.
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