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• It is necessary to ensure that revenue generated by tourism is distributed equitably. For example, contracts with private sector partners should stipulate that a percentage of revenue accrue to local communities and a percentage to the protected area itself. There is need also for a mechanism to allow protected area revenue to benefit both the NCWCD and the protected area, rather than becoming incorporated within central government budgets. This is timely as the NCWCD has been directed to consider ways in which to generate a proportion of its own funding, possibly through privatisation of selected projects (Arab News March 1997; July 1999), and an NCWCD Wildlife Fund has been created to manage funds separately from the Ministry of Finance (Abdullah 1998). Topic 10: Partnerships Questions to be addressed: • What type of partnerships are required, i.e. which tasks and responsibilities should remain with the NCWCD, and which are more appropriately undertaken by partner groups? • What arrangements should be made with the private sector? • What arrangements should be made with other government agencies? • What arrangements should be made with other partners? • What will NCWCD be responsible for • How will NCWCD maintain ultimate control over acceptable levels of development and public access, and how will NCWCD regulate the activities of its partners in this regard? NCWCD departments concerned: • Planning and Protected Areas Other Government departments: • Ministry of Commerce • Provincial Government Other linkages: • Chambers of Commerce Suggested structures: 95
• The NCWCD is not in the business of running travel arrangements, accomodation, shops and other potential concessions, but should under take monitoring, research, visitor management in protected areas and public awareness programmes. It will be necessary for the NCWCD to set policy guidelines, and to formulate contracts and possibly legislation to ensure continued control over visitor volumes, activities and associated developments being run by business sector partners. The NCWCD should seek involvement in recent moves to allow regulated international tourism, by gaining approval to sponsor groups for low scale, high quality tourism, preferably in partnership with an established travel firm. This could be extended to NCWCD involvement as a land agent for regional tourism ventures, e.g. cruise ships in the Red Sea, to ensure adherence to ecotourism guidelines. Last, but not least, the NCWCD should be represented in any National Tourism Committee (expected to be formed late in 2000) to provide input into the regulation of environmental impacts of tourism nationally, and to guide national policy with regard to nature-based tourism in general. 96
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The Unfenced Desert
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Institute of Earth Studies Universi
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4 SUMMARY The Unfenced Desert Towar
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from human use in order to conserve
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Chapter two reviews global changes
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Chapter seven sets out the framewor
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In 1987 the report of the World Com
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and more succinctly by the Ecotouri
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infringements, environmental damage
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• policies for the development of
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“Because of the abundance and exc
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Political, economic, social and env
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Arabian Standard Oil Company), stru
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ustard Chlamydotis [undulata] macqu
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would be declared annually during t
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Al Khunfah Protected Area The over
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• Decreased application of strict
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the attitudes and awareness of a sa
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the Asir the number one summer holi
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government tourism body to co-ordin
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The next chapter looks in more deta
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Chapter 5. Public attitudes to wild
Page 46 and 47: sent copies of the questionnaire fo
Page 48 and 49: animals was chosen by 41% and 39%,
Page 50 and 51: There was little variation in the p
Page 52 and 53: Falcon 6.3% Cheetah 1.5% Camel 1.1%
Page 54 and 55: • not necessarily entail overnigh
Page 56 and 57: median 4. A total of 189 people ans
Page 58 and 59: Overall, 62% of people used private
Page 60 and 61: through the news media and may sugg
Page 62 and 63: accommodation. During vacations tou
Page 64 and 65: Each protected area can them be ass
Page 66 and 67: 3 = basic facilities absent, but re
Page 68 and 69: Summary of Tourism Development Asse
Page 70 and 71: ♦ Farasan Islands Summary Assessm
Page 72 and 73: ♦ Ibex Reserve Summary Assessment
Page 74 and 75: ♦ Mahazat as-Sayd Summary Assessm
Page 76 and 77: ♦ National Wildlife Research Cent
Page 78 and 79: Ranking 4/12 Category Group 1: High
Page 80 and 81: ♦ `Uruq Bani Ma’arid Summary As
Page 82 and 83: Area Rank Key Spp. Season Potential
Page 84 and 85: departments of Planning and Protect
Page 86 and 87: guides. The NCWCD should additional
Page 88 and 89: • Tourism revenue should aid the
Page 90 and 91: Topic 2: Training Questions to be a
Page 92 and 93: • Universities Suggested structur
Page 94 and 95: Other linkages: • Private sector
Page 98 and 99: APPENDIX Review of NCWCD Wildlife P
Page 100 and 101: Date of creation = year of creation
Page 102 and 103: PA Infrastructure Border demarcatio
Page 104 and 105: Protected Area Al-Khunfah Administr
Page 106 and 107: permanent concrete structure based
Page 108 and 109: Protected Area At-Tubayq Administra
Page 110 and 111: during these period should be minim
Page 112 and 113: Nearest national sealed road : The
Page 114 and 115: Protected Area Farasan Islands Admi
Page 116 and 117: and humid in summer, spring - winte
Page 118 and 119: Nearest towns (150 km radius) : Far
Page 120 and 121: Protected Area Harrat al-Harrah Adm
Page 122 and 123: eastern Cape in southern Africa. It
Page 124 and 125: Other patrols : The NCWCD Aviation
Page 126 and 127: Cultural/historical : 3 Facilities
Page 128 and 129: Cultural Features Traditional uses
Page 130 and 131: Potential activities : Driven tours
Page 132 and 133: dorcas, reem and idmi gazelles, and
Page 134 and 135: Sensitivity / security : Safe for v
Page 136 and 137: The area’s designation allows for
Page 138 and 139: Key seasons : Re-established houbar
Page 140 and 141: Local communities involvement : Som
Page 142 and 143: Protected Area Majami’ al-Hadb Ad
Page 144 and 145: Threats to integrity : Unregulated
Page 146 and 147:
Protected Area National Wildlife Re
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Responsibilities : Captive-breeding
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Wildlife : 1 Cultural/historical :
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151 Water : Some permanent water se
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Other Stakeholders Local community
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155
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Cultural Features Traditional uses
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Administrative features Category :
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Ranger chain of command : Day-to-da
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Category Group 1: High priority for
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Child & Grainger 1990; Fisher et al
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167 Al-Dubyani, A. 2000. Kingdom to
Page 170 and 171:
169 Child, G. 1989. Socio-economic
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171 Green, A. A. 1984b. Wildlife re
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173 Richter, L. K. (Eds). Tourism E
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175 Powell, E. A. 1999. Saudi Arabi
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177 Seddon, P. J., Abuzinada, A. H.
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