The Unfenced Desert Towards a strategy for eco ... - Nwrc.gov.sa

More documents

Recommendations

Info

would be declared annually during the first decade of NCWCD operations. Lack of interagency co-operation and failure to gain public support in the face of a preservationist approach meant that by 1999 a total of only 13 protected areas, plus botanical reserves/sanctuaries in three NCWCD field research centres had been formally decreed (Figure 3.1; see also Appendix for details). 29
Box 3.1 Legislation of importance for wildlife conservation in Saudi Arabia 1966 Land Development Act: gives the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources (MAW) responsibility over the regulation of land development activities. The act puts a limit on the maximum acreage of land that may be utilised by individuals for agriculture. 1975 Agricultural and Veterinary Regulations: regulations controlling the introduction of plant and animal species into Saudi Arabia. 1977 Forests and Pastures Act: committing the MAW to conserve pastures, public and urban forests, and to regulate their use. Accordingly cutting trees and shrubs for private or commercial use without a permit is prohibited and grazing is restricted to allocated sites. 1977 National Hunting law Decree Law No. 457: details areas with permanent hunting bans; administered by the Ministry of Interior on advice from NCWCD. 1978 Royal Forest Decree Law No. 1392 (incorporating National Park Law of 1977): lays down regulations for the protection of forests and wildlife; administered by the MAW. 1979 Water Resources Conservation Act: governing the control and use of water resources, with priority use granted to human and animal needs and to agricultural and industrial purposes; enforcement is the responsibility of MAW. 1986 Royal Decree No. M/22: responsibility for conservation of wildlife and the creation and management of protected areas given to the National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development under article 3(4). 1995 Wildlife Protected Area Act: formalising the process for the creation and management of wildlife protected areas. 1996 Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES): national regulation of wildlife trade. proposed Draft Hema Law: intended to protect plant and animal species through the restoration and support of the traditional hema system, recognising: strict natural hema, plant hema, resource use hema and hunting hema. proposed GCC Agreement on Wildlife Protection: draft agreement proposed by NCWCD and which seeks to promote regional programmes for wildlife conservation, including provisions for protected areas and the regulation of wildlife trade. Recent trends in the management of protected areas in Saudi Arabia: A tale of four reserves. “Protected areas cannot be managed in isolation from their surroundings…especially in arid ecosystems in which both resources and resource users have strongly fugitive properties.” Graham Child and John Grainger (1990) In the early stages of establishing its protected area network the NCWCD followed a policy of strict protection, excluding all tended livestock and restricting human access to enable the overgrazed landscapes to recover. It is possible to examine the NCWCD’s changing approach to protected area creation and management by comparing four sites: Al-Khunfah, Mahazat as-Sayd, `Uruq Bani Ma’arid, and Umm ar-Rimth. This section has been developed from the ideas presented in Seddon et al. (1999). 30
Page 1 and 2: The Unfenced Desert
Page 3 and 4: Institute of Earth Studies Universi
Page 5 and 6: 4 SUMMARY The Unfenced Desert Towar
Page 7 and 8: from human use in order to conserve
Page 9 and 10: Chapter two reviews global changes
Page 11 and 12: Chapter seven sets out the framewor
Page 13 and 14: In 1987 the report of the World Com
Page 15 and 16: and more succinctly by the Ecotouri
Page 17 and 18: infringements, environmental damage
Page 19: • policies for the development of
Page 22 and 23: “Because of the abundance and exc
Page 24 and 25: Political, economic, social and env
Page 26 and 27: Arabian Standard Oil Company), stru
Page 28 and 29: ustard Chlamydotis [undulata] macqu
Page 32 and 33: Al Khunfah Protected Area The over
Page 34 and 35: • Decreased application of strict
Page 36 and 37: the attitudes and awareness of a sa
Page 38 and 39: the Asir the number one summer holi
Page 40 and 41: government tourism body to co-ordin
Page 42 and 43: The next chapter looks in more deta
Page 44 and 45: Chapter 5. Public attitudes to wild
Page 46 and 47: sent copies of the questionnaire fo
Page 48 and 49: animals was chosen by 41% and 39%,
Page 50 and 51: There was little variation in the p
Page 52 and 53: Falcon 6.3% Cheetah 1.5% Camel 1.1%
Page 54 and 55: • not necessarily entail overnigh
Page 56 and 57: median 4. A total of 189 people ans
Page 58 and 59: Overall, 62% of people used private
Page 60 and 61: through the news media and may sugg
Page 62 and 63: accommodation. During vacations tou
Page 64 and 65: Each protected area can them be ass
Page 66 and 67: 3 = basic facilities absent, but re
Page 68 and 69: Summary of Tourism Development Asse
Page 70 and 71: ♦ Farasan Islands Summary Assessm
Page 72 and 73: ♦ Ibex Reserve Summary Assessment
Page 74 and 75: ♦ Mahazat as-Sayd Summary Assessm
Page 76 and 77: ♦ National Wildlife Research Cent
Page 78 and 79: Ranking 4/12 Category Group 1: High
Page 80 and 81:
♦ `Uruq Bani Ma’arid Summary As
Page 82 and 83:
Area Rank Key Spp. Season Potential
Page 84 and 85:
departments of Planning and Protect
Page 86 and 87:
guides. The NCWCD should additional
Page 88 and 89:
• Tourism revenue should aid the
Page 90 and 91:
Topic 2: Training Questions to be a
Page 92 and 93:
• Universities Suggested structur
Page 94 and 95:
Other linkages: • Private sector
Page 96 and 97:
• It is necessary to ensure that
Page 98 and 99:
APPENDIX Review of NCWCD Wildlife P
Page 100 and 101:
Date of creation = year of creation
Page 102 and 103:
PA Infrastructure Border demarcatio
Page 104 and 105:
Protected Area Al-Khunfah Administr
Page 106 and 107:
permanent concrete structure based
Page 108 and 109:
Protected Area At-Tubayq Administra
Page 110 and 111:
during these period should be minim
Page 112 and 113:
Nearest national sealed road : The
Page 114 and 115:
Protected Area Farasan Islands Admi
Page 116 and 117:
and humid in summer, spring - winte
Page 118 and 119:
Nearest towns (150 km radius) : Far
Page 120 and 121:
Protected Area Harrat al-Harrah Adm
Page 122 and 123:
eastern Cape in southern Africa. It
Page 124 and 125:
Other patrols : The NCWCD Aviation
Page 126 and 127:
Cultural/historical : 3 Facilities
Page 128 and 129:
Cultural Features Traditional uses
Page 130 and 131:
Potential activities : Driven tours
Page 132 and 133:
dorcas, reem and idmi gazelles, and
Page 134 and 135:
Sensitivity / security : Safe for v
Page 136 and 137:
The area’s designation allows for
Page 138 and 139:
Key seasons : Re-established houbar
Page 140 and 141:
Local communities involvement : Som
Page 142 and 143:
Protected Area Majami’ al-Hadb Ad
Page 144 and 145:
Threats to integrity : Unregulated
Page 146 and 147:
Protected Area National Wildlife Re
Page 148 and 149:
Responsibilities : Captive-breeding
Page 150 and 151:
Wildlife : 1 Cultural/historical :
Page 152 and 153:
151 Water : Some permanent water se
Page 154 and 155:
Other Stakeholders Local community
Page 156 and 157:
155
Page 158 and 159:
Cultural Features Traditional uses
Page 160 and 161:
Administrative features Category :
Page 162 and 163:
Ranger chain of command : Day-to-da
Page 164 and 165:
Category Group 1: High priority for
Page 166 and 167:
Child & Grainger 1990; Fisher et al
Page 168 and 169:
167 Al-Dubyani, A. 2000. Kingdom to
Page 170 and 171:
169 Child, G. 1989. Socio-economic
Page 172 and 173:
171 Green, A. A. 1984b. Wildlife re
Page 174 and 175:
173 Richter, L. K. (Eds). Tourism E
Page 176 and 177:
175 Powell, E. A. 1999. Saudi Arabi
Page 178 and 179:
177 Seddon, P. J., Abuzinada, A. H.
show all

The Unfenced Desert Towards a strategy for eco ... - Nwrc.gov.sa

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?