Mac OS X Leopard - ARCAism

Forge (http://macosforge.org), which is a larger project that hosts many of the open source projects
specific to OS X. Other Mac OS Forge projects include Bonjour, the Darwin Streaming
Server, WebKit, xnu (Darwin’s Kernel), and Calendar Server. Apple sponsors all of these projects.
From a user perspective, MacPorts works similarly to Fink from the command line. Unlike
Fink, MacPorts does not have an option to install precompiled binaries, so to use MacPorts, you
must have the latest version of the Xcode Tools installed. Many MacPorts applications also
assume you have installed the X11 packages and the X11SDK (both included on your Leopard
as an option in the Leopard install).
MacPorts by default installs itself, and all the packages you install with it, in the /opt/local
directory, so to effectively use MacPorts, you’ll need to add /opt/local/bin and /opt/local/sbin
to your $PATH. Additionally, if you are planning on using the X11 applications from MacPorts,
you should add the line export DISPLAY=:0.0 to your .bash_profile as well.
Once all of that’s out of the way, you can download the latest MacPorts binary installer
from macports.org.
Like with Fink, once the installation is complete, the first thing you should do is to make
sure everything is up-to-date. To do this, run the following command in the terminal:
sudo port selfupdate
NOTE Why would you need to update something you just downloaded? Well, binary installer
is packaged together only at certain intervals, while the updating of software is constant. By
performing a self-update, you ensure that you are catching any new packages that have been
added since the binary package was assembled.
This will update the entire ports system. Once you start using MacPorts, you should continue
to periodically run this command to make sure you are working with a current version of
MacPorts and that you have a list of all the current applications.
Once your environment is set up and you have the latest updated version of MacPorts
installed, it’s quite easy to use MacPorts with the commands listed in Table 19-6.
Table 19-6. MacPorts Commands
Command Action
port list Returns a list of all available ports.
port search searchstring Returns a list of available ports whose name matches searchstring.
port info appname Returns information about the port named appname.
port variants appname Occasionally a port will have multiple options; if so, this command
will list the additional port options available for the port appname.
sudo port install appname Installs the base appname port.
sudo port install appname Installs the port appname with option1 and option2.
+option1 +option2
port installed Returns a list of installed ports.
sudo port selfupdate Updates the base port package as well as list of ports.
sudo port outdated Lists outdated installed ports.
sudo port upgrade appname Upgrades port appname.
sudo port upgrade outdated Upgrades all outdated installed ports.
CHAPTER 19 EXTENDING THE POWER OF DARWIN 345
Continued