Mac OS X Leopard - ARCAism

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438 CHAPTER 24 MAC OS X DEVELOPMENT: THE APPLICATION FRAMEWORKS Beauty NOTE For more on Safari, see Chapter 10. For more on Dashboard, see Chapter 3. As a platform, the Mac has always been known as the place to be for graphics. Whether or not that’s true, Mac OS X and its Aqua interface are certainly gorgeous. Applications on the Mac inherit the system’s aesthetic brilliance for free, whether they are written in modern Cocoa, oldfashioned Carbon, or even a guest platform like Java. That’s because the application frameworks let developers build applications without worrying about any but the highest-level details of the graphics system. Little do they know that far below, OpenGL sits waiting for anyone who would dare traverse its sharp learning curve in the quest for pureness of power, flexibility, and performance. Luckily, between these two extremes lies Quartz, the graphics compositing engine. Quartz can be accessed via a series of graphics frameworks that provide expressiveness with images, animation, video, and drawing, while still maintaining a good dose of abstraction from the nittygritty details of OpenGL routines and primitives. When the free graphics from the application frameworks leave you feeling like you’ve gotten what you’ve paid for, it’s time to peek beneath the shiny skin of your Apple and examine the power that lies at its core. Core Animation If a computer interface is more like the real world, it’s more familiar, and therefore more usable. But computers are, in many ways, inherently alien to our everyday experiences. Contrast the instant on-off state change of a transistor to the slow opening and closing of a door. The obvious solution is to smooth the transitions between state changes using animation. While simple in theory, the difficulty in implementing animation has long forced developers to compromise between the ideals of user interface and the realities of a deadline. Leopard’s new Core Animation framework frees developers from this drudgery and introduces a lightweight layer-based design metaphor. By enabling and encouraging experimentation, Core Animation may well make Leopard the biggest revolution in human interface design since 1984. Layers encapsulate drawing properties like color, border, opacity, and a completely customizable shadow. They also contain geometric properties like size and position, and the full range of affine transformations. Layers can contain images, stacks of Core Image filters (which we’ll get to in a moment), and an alpha mask. They can also be stacked and nested. What really sets a layer apart is what happens when you change a property. Rather than just reflecting the new state, the layer animates the transition. Multiple properties can be changed at the same time. For example, a layer could simultaneously shrink, slide, rotate, and fade. These animations are optimized to take advantage of hardware acceleration and other video card niceties, as well as being automatically threaded. Not only will the animation not block your main thread, but you can change a property while it is in the process of changing, and it will immediately be rerouted. The animation itself is also encapsulated as an object, so aside from being adjustable in the usual ways, such as duration, animations can be subclassed to provide for things like keyframes or following a Bézier path. As if all that weren’t enough, you can take advantage of Core Animation without even writing code. Views can be layer-backed, and many layer properties are accessible from within Interface Builder, as shown in Figure 24-16.
Figure 24-16. Core Animation’s effects panel in Interface Builder Core Image CHAPTER 24 MAC OS X DEVELOPMENT: THE APPLICATION FRAMEWORKS 439 If you’ve ever used Adobe Photoshop, you know how much fun image filters can be. Core Image takes the idea of image filters and runs with it, for results that are both amazing and amazingly useful. Filters can range from the very simple, like a blur, to the very complex, like the new hologram effect, shown in Figure 24-17. Filters can also include operations not typically associated with filtering, such as cropping, resizing, or warping. Best of all, if there’s no existing filter to meet your needs, you can write your own. Core Image filters are nondestructive. Your images are not actually changed on disk. Rather, they are altered before being displayed on the graphics card, so you can undo or alter filters at any time, including runtime. Core Image filters can be stacked, and the stacks are intelligently optimized to give you the same results with the least processing power possible. For example, if you have a Crop filter later in the stack, Core Image will apply it first, so you don’t waste time processing pixels you’re never going to see. Core Image is available system-wide, which means you can apply its filters to anything, including video. Whether you’re tidying up your pictures in iPhoto, applying a comic book effect in Photo Booth, pretending to be a hologram in iChat Theater, or fighting your way through glowing green gas in a video game, Core Image has you covered. NOTE Unfortunately the hologram effect did not make it into the final version of Leopard, but it lives on, thanks to the Internet. Google “Leopard Hologram” for instructions on how to restore it. Core Graphics Also known as Quartz 2D, Core Graphics provides basic drawing services throughout the system. This includes primitive drawing, with paths, shapes, colors, and the like; advanced drawing like shadows, gradients, and patterns; and transforms, bitmaps, transparency, masking, and compositing.
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Mac OS X Leopard: Beyond the Manual
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PART 5 Getting to Know Darwin CHAPT
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viii CONTENTS CHAPTER 2 The File Sy
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x CONTENTS CHAPTER 7 Managing Appli
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xii CONTENTS CHAPTER 12 Address Boo
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xiv CONTENTS CHAPTER 16 iLife ’08
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xvi CONTENTS CHAPTER 21 Port Forwar
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xviii CONTENTS CHAPTER 25 Quick Loo
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xx CONTENTS Running Microsoft Windo
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xxii Acknowledgments First of all,
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Getting to Know Leopard PART 1
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4 CHAPTER 1 WORKING IN LEOPARD: THE
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10 CHAPTER 1 WORKING IN LEOPARD: TH
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28 CHAPTER 2 THE FILE SYSTEM Figure
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30 CHAPTER 2 THE FILE SYSTEM Table
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32 CHAPTER 2 THE FILE SYSTEM Table
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34 CHAPTER 2 THE FILE SYSTEM While
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36 CHAPTER 2 THE FILE SYSTEM Hidden
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38 CHAPTER 3 USING SPOTLIGHT, EXPOS
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System Preferences Many of the conf
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Option Description Click in the scr
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Table 4-2. Desktop Image Aspect Sel
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Dock The Dock preference pane (Figu
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CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM PREFERENCES 59 Fig
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Figure 4-11. The Input Menu tab in
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Figure 4-13. The Spotlight preferen
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Figure 4-16. The Display tab of the
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NOTE As you may have noticed, click
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Figure 4-22. When you have multiple
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The Options tab (Figure 4-25) provi
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Figure 4-26. The Keyboard tab in th
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Figure 4-28. The Mouse tab on the K
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Processor When you install the Xcod
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Internet & Network The next section
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Selecting Login Options (Figure 4-3
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This window requires some basic inf
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Figure 4-44. The Time Zone tab in t
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Figure 4-47. The Simple Finder The
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Figure 4-49. The Mail & iChat tab o
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Figure 4-52. The Software Update pr
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The Text to Speech tab (Figure 4-55
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Figure 4-57. The Seeing tab of the
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Figure 4-60. The Keyboard tab provi
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Today more and more features are bu
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At this point, you may be skeptical
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CHAPTER 5 CONNECTING PERIPHERALS TO
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CHAPTER 5 CONNECTING PERIPHERALS TO
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Figure 5-7. The printer Options she
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Connecting Bluetooth Devices Blueto
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The Bluetooth Setup Assistant will
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Figure 5-18. Finished successfully!
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CAUTION To eject media in Leopard,
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Connecting Other Peripherals Beside
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The Ink preference pane (Figure 5-2
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122 CHAPTER 6 COMMON LEOPARD MAINTE
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136 CHAPTER 7 BACKUP, SYNCHRONIZATI
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144 CHAPTER 8 LEOPARD SECURITY •
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146 CHAPTER 8 LEOPARD SECURITY NOTE
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148 CHAPTER 8 LEOPARD SECURITY Figu
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150 CHAPTER 8 LEOPARD SECURITY Figu
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152 CHAPTER 8 LEOPARD SECURITY •
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154 CHAPTER 8 LEOPARD SECURITY Summ
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Connecting to the Internet One of t
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Usually those three steps should ge
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NOTE One application notably missin
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Technology Description CHAPTER 9 CO
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Making an Ethernet Connection CHAPT
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Figure 9-7. A PPPoE connection work
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LEAP: Lightweight Extensible Authen
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Browsing the Web with Safari Leopar
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Figure 10-2. You can customize your
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Menu/Submenu Item Keyboard Shortcut
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Figure 10-4. All of your bookmarks,
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Figure 10-6. Safari running with ma
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CHAPTER 10 BROWSING THE WEB WITH SA
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Figure 10-10. The AutoFill options
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Private Browsing Another way to pro
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RSS Feeds in Safari RSS (Really Sim
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On the right side of the view area
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Figure 10-16. Selecting a region in
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Mail, Address Book, and iCal Mail T
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Item Keyboard Shortcut Description
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Figure 11-2. The first step in addi
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CHAPTER 11 MAIL, ADDRESS BOOK, AND
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When you select a message, its cont
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Creating Mail Rules CHAPTER 11 MAIL
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Figure 11-11. Mail will open a shee
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Using Mail Stationery The Mail appl
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Figure 11-14. Leopard’s Address B
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Creating Groups You might want to c
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Figure 11-17. iCal in Leopard (Week
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Adding Time Zone Support iCal has a
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iChat Instant messaging has been ga
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Figure 12-2. The Account Setup shee
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NOTE For more options, see the “C
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Ironically, the IM central server a
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For best results, select an even, n
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NOTE The Share My Screen... and Ask
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• Collect chats into a single win
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Figure 12-14. Tabbed chat helps you
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Working with Applications PART 4
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248 CHAPTER 13 APPLICATION BASICS S
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250 CHAPTER 13 APPLICATION BASICS F
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252 CHAPTER 13 APPLICATION BASICS F
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254 CHAPTER 13 APPLICATION BASICS T
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256 CHAPTER 14 APPLE APPS INCLUDED
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266 CHAPTER 15 .MAC NOTE You can al
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268 CHAPTER 15 .MAC iDisk Another f
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iLife ’08 Apple’s iLife ’08 i
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NOTE iPhoto keeps track of all your
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Figure 16-3. iMovie ’08 and its n
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Figure 16-5. Building a Welcome pag
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New in GarageBand ’08 is a featur
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iWork ’08 Apple has been producin
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One great feature of Keynote is tha
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Figure 17-4. A Pages document in Pa
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Getting to Know Darwin PART 5
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290 CHAPTER 18 INTRODUCING DARWIN A
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330 CHAPTER 19 EXTENDING THE POWER
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Leopard Networking The Mac is known
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Selecting Always Allow will add the
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You can also use Little Snitch to s
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theory behind Ping is that any mach
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So, while Network Utility is a good
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Apple includes a second utility for
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Figure 20-11. Setting up port forwa
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366 CHAPTER 21 WORKING WITH REMOTE
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Leopard As a Web Server There are s
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Figure 22-3. The Networking pane of
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488 CHAPTER 26 MAC OS X DEVELOPMENT
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Occasionally while using Leopard, y
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CHAPTER 27 WORKING WITH MICROSOFT W
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Appendixes
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526 APPENDIX A WHAT’S NEW WITH LE
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544 APPENDIX B INSTALLING MAC OS X
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Index Symbols and Numerics # (hash)
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alloc method, Objective-C, 483, 492
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Attach File command, Mail, 199 atta
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CalDAV standard, 430 iCal and, 227
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emote computing by Secure Shell in
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digital cameras connecting, 117-118
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saving text, 318, 319 searching tex
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filters Core Image filters, 439 Ima
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ftps (FTP Secure), 367 function key
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Instant Message framework, 431 inte
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IP addresses, 163 configuring Mac f
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list (port list) command, MacPorts,
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memory management, Objective-C, 482
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New Message window, Mail, 217 New N
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password sheet creating keychains a
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opening, 106 Supply Levels tab, 106
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unning PowerPC code, 518 Rotate too
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Services option, Mail, 198 set comm
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Spotlight Comments section, Info wi
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identifying differences in document
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users running commands, 303 who els
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Window items, Safari, 178 Window me
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Mac OS X Leopard - ARCAism

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