Mac OS X Leopard - ARCAism

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346 CHAPTER 19 EXTENDING THE POWER OF DARWIN Table 19-6. Continued Command Action sudo port uninstall appname Removes the port appname. sudo port clean appname Removes the build files for appname, which is a good way to free up disk space after you install a port. NOTE So, you may ask, what’s really better, Fink or MacPorts? The answer is that it probably doesn’t matter much these days. We use MacPorts since it’s familiar to us and for some historical reasons that have no significant relevance anymore. Today, as far as we can tell, they are both equally good at doing what they do, and either of them is better than none of them. Compiling Software from the Source Code With the maturity of Darwin in Leopard combined with the availability of most popular open source software through either MacPorts or Fink, it’s rare you would ever need to compile software from source code (unless of course you are actively developing software, in which case you probably know all the information we’re about to relate, plus a good bit more). Still, if you really want to try a bleeding-edge program that hasn’t found its way to Fink or MacPorts or you think you must compile an application with just the right options, then you want to compile your own application from source code. CAUTION Compiling your own software from source code is not for the weak. Things will often just not work as they should, and it could take some time and research to figure out how to get something built correctly on your computer. Sometimes, things won’t work at all (unless of course you want to dig into the code yourself and tweak it). If you are easily frustrated, then we suggest that the benefits of compiling your own program might not outweigh the mental anguish you could be setting yourself up for. Compiling your application from source code generally requires three steps: configuring, building, and installing. Usually these steps are fairly automated and, with the exception of the configure stage, are usually pretty much the same. NOTE To be honest, there is often a fourth step: figuring out what went wrong when one of the three primary steps fails. We’ll talk about this too. Before you start any steps, though, you need to get the source code. This can usually be found on a project’s web site or through a source repository such as SourceForge (www.sourceforge.net). Step 1: Configure For the user building an application for their own use, the configure stage is the most important part of the whole build process. This is where you can customize the application for your specific needs and your specific system. The first part of configuring your build is to see what configure options are available. You do this by going into the primary source folder and typing the following: ./configure --help
which will return a whole list of configure options. Most of these options either have sensible defaults or are automatically set during the configure stage. The things you want to look at are the optional features to see whether any of them would be useful to you. NOTE Certain programs require that your system provide specific libraries or other applications to compile correctly, and this is especially true for certain options you may want to build into your application; these are what are referred to as dependencies. MacPorts and Fink will usually solve dependency issues automatically when you install apps using them, but when you are compiling things yourself, you need to make sure these dependencies are satisfied. If you think you don’t need any options, you can usually configure your build by just typing this: ./configure If you want to include options, then you would type something like this: ./configure --with-option1 --with-option2 --enable-feature-x [...] Either way, when you press Return, the configure script will run and attempt to create a makefile, which will guide the actual build and install process (together referred to as the make process). For a complex program, the configure script can take a few minutes or even longer to do its work, during which time lots of text will scroll by, letting you know what’s happening. Upon successful completion, the text will often issue a message saying that the configure completed successfully and perhaps giving some additional build advice. If something goes wrong, the text may or may not give you a clue as to what needs to be fixed. NOTE If something goes wrong, it’s not always going to be easy to fix. Scrolling through the configure text may reveal a missing library, or it may indicate it cannot figure out what to do with your system. A missing library can usually be found and installed (sometimes it’s there, but configure can’t find it in which case you may need to specify the library path as a configure option). Sometimes there is a specific issue and if you poke around support forums, you can get an answer. Sadly, sometimes it’s just not going to work on your system. Step 2: Build If the configure stage went without issue, the next step is to build the app. This should be as easy as typing the following: make CHAPTER 19 EXTENDING THE POWER OF DARWIN 347 Yep, that’s it. Now go get a cup of coffee, stretch your legs, play a game on your Wii, or whatever, while your computer compiles your program. OK, although these days it could take your computer anywhere from a few seconds to a few hours to compile a program, for a moderately complex application it usually takes only between 5 minutes to 30 minutes depending on your computer. If you have a newer Intel-based Mac, there is a trick to significantly speed up this process. Since even the lowliest Intel-based iMac has at least two processor cores, to use them both, just add -j 2 to the end of make. make -j 4 will work if you have four cores (a quad G5 or two dualcore Intel chips), and so on.
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Mac OS X Leopard: Beyond the Manual
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PART 5 Getting to Know Darwin CHAPT
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viii CONTENTS CHAPTER 2 The File Sy
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x CONTENTS CHAPTER 7 Managing Appli
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xii CONTENTS CHAPTER 12 Address Boo
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xiv CONTENTS CHAPTER 16 iLife ’08
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xvi CONTENTS CHAPTER 21 Port Forwar
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xviii CONTENTS CHAPTER 25 Quick Loo
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xx CONTENTS Running Microsoft Windo
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xxii Acknowledgments First of all,
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Getting to Know Leopard PART 1
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4 CHAPTER 1 WORKING IN LEOPARD: THE
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30 CHAPTER 2 THE FILE SYSTEM Table
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32 CHAPTER 2 THE FILE SYSTEM Table
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34 CHAPTER 2 THE FILE SYSTEM While
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36 CHAPTER 2 THE FILE SYSTEM Hidden
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38 CHAPTER 3 USING SPOTLIGHT, EXPOS
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System Preferences Many of the conf
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Option Description Click in the scr
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Table 4-2. Desktop Image Aspect Sel
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Dock The Dock preference pane (Figu
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CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM PREFERENCES 59 Fig
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Figure 4-11. The Input Menu tab in
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Figure 4-13. The Spotlight preferen
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Figure 4-16. The Display tab of the
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NOTE As you may have noticed, click
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Figure 4-22. When you have multiple
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The Options tab (Figure 4-25) provi
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Figure 4-26. The Keyboard tab in th
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Figure 4-28. The Mouse tab on the K
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Processor When you install the Xcod
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Internet & Network The next section
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Selecting Login Options (Figure 4-3
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This window requires some basic inf
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Figure 4-44. The Time Zone tab in t
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Figure 4-47. The Simple Finder The
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Figure 4-49. The Mail & iChat tab o
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Figure 4-52. The Software Update pr
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The Text to Speech tab (Figure 4-55
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Figure 4-57. The Seeing tab of the
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Figure 4-60. The Keyboard tab provi
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Today more and more features are bu
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At this point, you may be skeptical
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CHAPTER 5 CONNECTING PERIPHERALS TO
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CHAPTER 5 CONNECTING PERIPHERALS TO
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Figure 5-7. The printer Options she
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Connecting Bluetooth Devices Blueto
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The Bluetooth Setup Assistant will
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Figure 5-18. Finished successfully!
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CAUTION To eject media in Leopard,
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Connecting Other Peripherals Beside
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The Ink preference pane (Figure 5-2
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122 CHAPTER 6 COMMON LEOPARD MAINTE
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136 CHAPTER 7 BACKUP, SYNCHRONIZATI
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144 CHAPTER 8 LEOPARD SECURITY •
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146 CHAPTER 8 LEOPARD SECURITY NOTE
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150 CHAPTER 8 LEOPARD SECURITY Figu
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152 CHAPTER 8 LEOPARD SECURITY •
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154 CHAPTER 8 LEOPARD SECURITY Summ
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Connecting to the Internet One of t
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Usually those three steps should ge
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NOTE One application notably missin
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Technology Description CHAPTER 9 CO
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Making an Ethernet Connection CHAPT
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Figure 9-7. A PPPoE connection work
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LEAP: Lightweight Extensible Authen
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Browsing the Web with Safari Leopar
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Figure 10-2. You can customize your
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Menu/Submenu Item Keyboard Shortcut
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Figure 10-4. All of your bookmarks,
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Figure 10-6. Safari running with ma
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CHAPTER 10 BROWSING THE WEB WITH SA
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Figure 10-10. The AutoFill options
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Private Browsing Another way to pro
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RSS Feeds in Safari RSS (Really Sim
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On the right side of the view area
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Figure 10-16. Selecting a region in
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Mail, Address Book, and iCal Mail T
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Item Keyboard Shortcut Description
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Figure 11-2. The first step in addi
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CHAPTER 11 MAIL, ADDRESS BOOK, AND
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When you select a message, its cont
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Creating Mail Rules CHAPTER 11 MAIL
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Figure 11-11. Mail will open a shee
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Using Mail Stationery The Mail appl
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Figure 11-14. Leopard’s Address B
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Creating Groups You might want to c
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Figure 11-17. iCal in Leopard (Week
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Adding Time Zone Support iCal has a
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iChat Instant messaging has been ga
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Figure 12-2. The Account Setup shee
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NOTE For more options, see the “C
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Ironically, the IM central server a
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For best results, select an even, n
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NOTE The Share My Screen... and Ask
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• Collect chats into a single win
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Figure 12-14. Tabbed chat helps you
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Working with Applications PART 4
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248 CHAPTER 13 APPLICATION BASICS S
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250 CHAPTER 13 APPLICATION BASICS F
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252 CHAPTER 13 APPLICATION BASICS F
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254 CHAPTER 13 APPLICATION BASICS T
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256 CHAPTER 14 APPLE APPS INCLUDED
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266 CHAPTER 15 .MAC NOTE You can al
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268 CHAPTER 15 .MAC iDisk Another f
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iLife ’08 Apple’s iLife ’08 i
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NOTE iPhoto keeps track of all your
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Figure 16-3. iMovie ’08 and its n
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Figure 16-5. Building a Welcome pag
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New in GarageBand ’08 is a featur
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iWork ’08 Apple has been producin
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One great feature of Keynote is tha
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Figure 17-4. A Pages document in Pa
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Getting to Know Darwin PART 5
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290 CHAPTER 18 INTRODUCING DARWIN A
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Domain Name Tricks Were you so incl
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PART Leopard Development and Script
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402 CHAPTER 23 MAC OS X AUTOMATION
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What is it about the Mac that makes
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Figure 24-2. Cocoa components in In
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Figure 24-3. Core Data modeling in
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Not so fast! CHAPTER 24 MAC OS X DE
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Figure 24-6. Address Book’s Peopl
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CHAPTER 24 MAC OS X DEVELOPMENT: TH
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Publication Subscription Syndicatio
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Figure 24-16. Core Animation’s ef
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On Mac OS X, this abstraction goes
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Ruby is the new hotness, and it shi
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WebObjects A kind of Cocoa for the
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448 CHAPTER 25 MAC OS X DEVELOPMENT
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Occasionally while using Leopard, y
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CHAPTER 27 WORKING WITH MICROSOFT W
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Appendixes
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526 APPENDIX A WHAT’S NEW WITH LE
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544 APPENDIX B INSTALLING MAC OS X
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Index Symbols and Numerics # (hash)
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alloc method, Objective-C, 483, 492
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Attach File command, Mail, 199 atta
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CalDAV standard, 430 iCal and, 227
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emote computing by Secure Shell in
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digital cameras connecting, 117-118
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saving text, 318, 319 searching tex
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filters Core Image filters, 439 Ima
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ftps (FTP Secure), 367 function key
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Instant Message framework, 431 inte
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IP addresses, 163 configuring Mac f
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list (port list) command, MacPorts,
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memory management, Objective-C, 482
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New Message window, Mail, 217 New N
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password sheet creating keychains a
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opening, 106 Supply Levels tab, 106
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unning PowerPC code, 518 Rotate too
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Services option, Mail, 198 set comm
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Spotlight Comments section, Info wi
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identifying differences in document
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users running commands, 303 who els
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Window items, Safari, 178 Window me
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