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Iu4 Fbrging-Stamping - Heat Treating
Drop forging is employed for the production of
most types of blades, however, blades having a parallel
section and a base that can be produced by cold upsetting
are rolled or drawn. The bar stock is heated in
an oil fired furnace, equipped with automatic temperature
control and hot rolled to the approximate finished
size. Large sections of blading and packing are
rolled in 12-in. and 18-in. mills in a continuous train
driven by a 350 hp. Westinghouse motor through reduction
gearing. Fig. 10. After pickling to remove
scale it is either cold rolled or drawn to the finished
size. Draw benches are used for drawing certain
sections of packing and blading; for heavy sections
the bar type is used while on lighter work the
reel type. Roll straighteners are used where it is
necessary to straighten rolled or drawn sections. The
blading and packing material is annealed between the
various draws to remove strains. In order to protect
the thin edges of the bar it is packed in annealing
boxes. Two oil fired car type furnaces equipped with
pyrometers are used for annealing.
FIG. 10—An excellent view of the 12-in. and 18-in. bar mill.
Equipment Manufacturers
May, 1925
Reaction Blading—Standard Manganese Copper.
The blading material most employed in Westinghouse
turbines in point of quantity of pieces, which
through years of service has demonstrated its reliability
within its proper operating range of stress and
temperature, is manganese copper, which consists essentially
of 5 per cent manganese, the balance copper.
A typical development of the manganese copper
from commercial round bar to a standard blade section
contour through a series of rolling and drawing passes
is shown by Fig. 7-A. The securing of blading in the
grooves by caulking in place served its purpose until
supplanted by a more positive method of fastening
made necessary by reason of increased blade speeds
and higher stresses. The improved method of fastening,
which was developed and made standard since
1911, employed an upset hook at the base of the blade
and a dovetailed packing which locked in a correspondingly
angled groove. The hook is produced by
upsetting in a National heading machine operating
Equipment Manufactured by Location
Drop Hammers Chambersburg Engineering Company Chambersburg, Pa.
Helve Hammers C. C. Bradley & Son, Inc Syracuse, N. Y.
Forging Machines National Machinery Company Tiffin, Ohio
Engraving Machines Keller Mechanical Engraving Corporation Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oil Burners The Anthony Company Long Island City, N.
Trimming Presses E. W. Bliss Company Brooklyn, N. Y.
Trimming Presses Consolidated Press Company Hastings, Mich.
Turbo Compressors The Spencer-Turbine Company Hartford, Conn
Blast Gates \Y. S. Rockwell Company New York, N. Y.
Annealing Furnaces F. J. Ryan & Company Philadelphia, Pa.
Die Blocks Braeburn Steel Company Braeburn, Pa.
Pyrometers .Brown Instrument Company Philadelphia, Pa.