European Bio-Energy Projects

More documents

Recommendations

Info

TOMERED Objectives The utilisation of biomass and biowaste materials as fuel (biofuels) with coal for power generation has been proved to contribute to a decrease in fuel and energy costs as well as a reduction in CO2. However, in many instances the use of biofuels introduces significantly higher concentrations of toxic metals (ToMe), such as Hg, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, As, etc. into the combustion process. Valid data is limited on the emission behaviour of ToMe during large-scale combustion of biofuels together with coal and its influence on their behaviour during subsequent flue gas cooling and treatment processes. The project aims to investigate the fate of ToMe during the combustion of coal with and without a range of biofuels, and to develop control strategies for the reduction of ToMe and other pollutants from large combustion plants. There will be a special focus on enhancing the removal of mercury. Reduction of toxic metal emissions from combustion plants Problems addressed The project partners are performing fundamental investigations in laboratory-, bench-, pilot- and fullscale combustion facilities with emission control equipment. The project addresses key technical issues such as the understanding of ToMe release, distribution and, when possible, speciation during combustion and subsequent cooling, the provision of valid data from fullscale plants on ToMe emission, and the development of strategies or novel technological solutions to enhance the removal of ToMe from combustion flue gas. Therefore, the partitioning behaviour and the speciation of ToMe is characterised in an extensive test programme with the use and development of advanced analysis and characterisation methods. The experimental work will be supported by the development, validation and application of theoretical models for ash transformation, and ToMe speciation, enrichment and removal. Other main activities include the review and critical assessment of the best available technologies and current developmental approaches for the removal of ToMe, an assessment of fuel-blending strategies, a detailed study into the impact of conventional emission control technologies for particulates, SO2 and NOx on the fate of ToMe, particularly mercury, an evaluation of suitable carbon- non-carbon- or metal-oxide-based sorbents, as well as a techno-economic assessment of future mercury control options including recommendations for further research and development. 138 Consortium The project consortium is made up of three leading European energy supply companies, namely E.ON Engineering GmbH, (D), PowerGen UK Plc, (UK), and ENEL Produzione S.p.A., (I), a power plant manufacturer, Mitsui Babcock Energy Ltd., (UK), a combustion engineering company, Reaction Engineering International, (US), as well as two research organisations, Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands, (NL), KEMA Nederland B.V., (NL), and eight European universities, Technical University of Denmark, (DK), Abo Akademi University, (FI), Technical University of Delft, (NL), The Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, (UK), The University of Nottingham, (UK), University of Alicante, (ES), and Helsinki University of Technology, (FI), active in the field of combustion and flue gas treatment technologies. Expected results and exploitation The outcome of the work will contribute to a further understanding of ToMe behaviour during the (co-)combustion of coal and biofuels and therefore to contribute to the development of multi-pollutant control strategies for ToMe. The identification of relationships between fuel type, the fate of ToMe, and the major effects from applied air-pollution control devices is of interest to both legislative authorities and power plant operators. The development of approaches for the enhanced removal and/or capture of ToMe, such as fuel blending strategies or suitable additives and sorbents, will be considered in terms of performance and cost. The most costeffective strategies will be recommended for further research and development. Policy-makers and power plant operators will be provided with technical guidelines and recommendations regarding the control of ToMe from large-scale combustion plants.
Expected impact International and national plans and treaties have been proposed and signed with the intention of reducing particle-bound trace element emissions as well as gaseous mercury emissions. Although these plans often include reduction targets, they rarely, if ever, include specific details of how such reduction should be achieved. The contribution of large coalcombustion plants to ToMe emissions varies from country to country and, while emissions from other sources, such as medical and municipal waste incinerators, are being reduced, those from large coal-combustion plants are either remaining constant or have been potentially increased in recent years. In the US, activities related to PM and mercury dominate research related to combustion emissions. This is mainly the result of the threat of proposed regulations for mercury emission (by 2004) and PM. European industry and engineering organisations and research institutes have pushed ahead with NOx and SOx removal technologies, but very little effort has been made across Europe to investigate the impact of applied flue gas cleaning technologies on the behaviour of ToMe. With the implementation of limiting values for NOx and SOx together with limiting values for mercury in US coal-fired power plants, information concerning the behaviour of relevant ToMe and the removal efficiencies of APCDs are of growing interest. Flue-gas cleaning. 139 INFORMATION References: ENK5-CT-2002-00699 Programme: FP5 - Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development Title: Reduction of Toxic Metal Emissions from Industrial Combustion Plants-Impact of Emission Control Technologies – TOMERED Duration: 36 months Contact point: Sven Unterberger Universität Stuttgart Tel: +49-711-1212205 Fax: +49-711-1212291 Unterberger@ivd.uni-stuttgart.de Partners: Universität Stuttgart (D) TU Denmark (DK) Mitsui Babcock Energy (UK) University Alicante (E) TU Delft (NL) Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (NL) E.ON Engineering (D) Helsinki University of Technology (FIN) Reaction Engineering International (USA) University of Nottingham (UK) Kema Nederland (NL) ENEL Produzione (I) Aabo Akademi University (FIN) Powergen (UK) Imperial College of Science (UK) Website: http://www.eu-projects.de/TOMERED EC Scientific Officer: Pierre Dechamps Tel: +32-2-2956623 Fax: +32-2-2964288 pierre.dechamps@cec.eu.int Status: Ongoing
Page 1 and 2:
PROJECT SYNOPSES European Bio-Energ
Page 3 and 4:
Interested in European research? RT
Page 5 and 6:
LEGAL NOTICE: Neither the European
Page 7 and 8:
Contents � Forestry - Energy Wood
Page 9 and 10:
- Studies of Fuel Blend Properties
Page 11 and 12:
Expected impact and exploitation Th
Page 13 and 14:
Results The main result of this pro
Page 15 and 16:
Furthermore, multifuelled tests of
Page 17 and 18:
Expected impact The integrated swee
Page 19 and 20:
Expected impact and exploitation We
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Figure 1: Enrichment and depletion
Page 25 and 26:
Greece on environmental technologie
Page 27 and 28:
Project structure. Progress to date
Page 29 and 30:
Progress to date The process of the
Page 31 and 32:
Construction Details of DEPR-Plant.
Page 33 and 34:
The most important feature of the P
Page 35 and 36:
At the moment the second stage of t
Page 37 and 38:
Isometric view of Corby Mixed Bio-F
Page 39 and 40:
meetings and discussions have taken
Page 41 and 42:
RESHMENT - Process. Project structu
Page 43 and 44:
Project structure The project is or
Page 45 and 46:
Results of catalytic processes. Pro
Page 47 and 48:
VTT’s Process Development Unit (P
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Project structure The project is im
Page 53 and 54:
• syngas cooler; • baghouses fo
Page 55 and 56:
Figure 1: Typical BIGCC process sch
Page 57 and 58:
Bio oil is an easy-to-use liquid. B
Page 59 and 60:
3-D drawing of the envisaged pyroly
Page 61 and 62:
Progress to date Project progress,
Page 63 and 64:
Progress to date Both networks regu
Page 65 and 66:
Finally, the project will contribut
Page 67 and 68:
treatment dominate the cost structu
Page 69 and 70:
Gasification product gas compositio
Page 71 and 72:
Figure 1: Energy flows of the AER p
Page 73 and 74:
• combustion of fuel gas in a tur
Page 75 and 76:
Wood- Biomass- Bio-oil- Electricity
Page 77 and 78:
Figure 1: Basic process flow diagra
Page 79 and 80:
Progress to date A lot of data must
Page 81 and 82:
Figure 1: Deposites of crystalline
Page 83 and 84:
Figure 1: Overview of biological wa
Page 85 and 86:
Picture 1: Large-scale Digestor Set
Page 87 and 88: During the Demonstration part of th
Page 89 and 90: Expected impact and exploitation Ur
Page 91 and 92: Results Selective catalytic oxidati
Page 93 and 94: Expected impact and exploitation A
Page 95 and 96: • Rebuilding a carburettor and ex
Page 97 and 98: Expected results and exploitation p
Page 99 and 100: NOVEL CHP process. Results The deve
Page 101 and 102: TARGeT Process Scheme. New combusto
Page 103 and 104: Another important result from the p
Page 105 and 106: Results At the biennial meeting in
Page 107 and 108: BFB-Plant. Furthermore from tanned
Page 109 and 110: INTCON - Mainscreen. For this appli
Page 111 and 112: From this study it was observed tha
Page 113 and 114: Expected results As the project sta
Page 115 and 116: Figure 1: Hot water accumulator and
Page 117 and 118: Expected impact and exploitation In
Page 119 and 120: Clean Coal Pre--feasibility Study L
Page 121 and 122: educed mechanism has been implement
Page 123 and 124: Progress to date During the first t
Page 125 and 126: Basic analysis methods must be take
Page 127 and 128: parameters, relevant combustion con
Page 129 and 130: This proposal specifically addresse
Page 131 and 132: Expected impact and exploitation A
Page 133 and 134: FBCOBIOW - Project. Expected impact
Page 135 and 136: The Hungarian participant will faci
Page 137: were run with some challenges conce
Page 141 and 142: Figure 1: The UPSWING process. Proj
Page 143 and 144: From left to right: The logging res
Page 145 and 146: Figure 1: General layout of an inci
Page 147 and 148: Exploitation The exploitation activ
Page 149 and 150: Figure 1: Mesh for Two Stage Combus
Page 151 and 152: The advantage of fly ash in concret
Page 153 and 154: Environment • reduce emissions of
Page 155 and 156: Progress to date All the design and
Page 157 and 158: Figure 1: Flow Chart. Moreover, the
Page 159 and 160: Project structure In order to devel
Page 161 and 162: Figure 1: Expansion process within
Page 163 and 164: No tar-contaminated wastewater •
Page 165 and 166: Figure 1: View of the CHP plant, Li
Page 167 and 168: ales will be tested with the new te
Page 169 and 170: Progress to date Figure 1: Sustaina
Page 171 and 172: Expected impact and exploitation It
Page 173 and 174: Progress to date The delays of pres
Page 175 and 176: Expected impact and exploitation On
Page 177 and 178: Expected results and exploitation p
Page 179 and 180: As a result of the new agricultural
Page 181 and 182: Biomass bundling technology system.
Page 183 and 184: Expected impact and exploitation Re
Page 185 and 186: Structure of the BioNorm project. E
Page 187 and 188: In the second activity, the results
Page 189 and 190:
Expected impact and exploitation In
Page 191 and 192:
Results The project has successfull
Page 193 and 194:
Figure 1: Research Areas of WG1 and
Page 195 and 196:
perception and image of bioenergy,
Page 197 and 198:
to determining the consequences for
Page 199 and 200:
EU Biomass Technology Pavilion in W
Page 201 and 202:
for the transport sector, and you h
Page 203 and 204:
husks. As this waste material is co
Page 205 and 206:
Distribution of the various types o
Page 207 and 208:
Expected impact and exploitation Wa
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211:
This compilation of synopses covers
show all

European Bio-Energy Projects

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?