European Bio-Energy Projects

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HIGH ENERGY RECOVERY Objectives One of the main objectives is to achieve waste incineration with steam parameters higher than shown thus far to reach a considerably better efficiency in electricity generation than is common in existing waste-incineration processes. In Europe, gross rates of 25% are accomplished at best in stand-alone waste incineration. To go beyond 34% gross rate will mean an improvement of 36% in electrical energy from waste recovery. This implies no less than a new set standard in the waste-toenergy field. That is also true for the net rate reached which will be well above 30%. There are three main objectives for the HR- AVI project: • net electric efficiency > 30% • availability > 90% • overall operational cost reduction – 10% compared to the existing Amsterdam incineration lines A so-called RAMSE (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, Safety, Environment) analyses based on waste-to-energy experience statistics collected over the last 85 years will further improve the design and performance over the years. Towards maximising energy from waste recovery Challenges The city of Amsterdam will extend its existing waste incineration plant with two new lines, the HR-AVI, high-energy recovery waste incineration. One of the main objectives of the new plant design is to raise the steam parameters to reach considerably higher efficiency in electricity generation than is common in existing wasteincineration processes. A number of interdependent measures are being taken in order to deal with raised steam parameters and to avoid corrosion of boiler tubes. The boiler is designed for high steam parameters and is based on innovative elements to allow this highly conditioned steam to be generated. Three innovative installation parts will be at the heart of the demonstrated design: 1. The superheater temperature will rise from 400° to 440°C. Higher steam parameters cause unavoidable massive corrosion on the superheaters, if conventional materials and conventional boiler designs are used. In order to overcome this limitation: - New alloys with a high corrosion resistance will be applied; and - The incineration process, the boiler design and the flue gas flow will be thoroughly optimised to minimise corrosion attack. 2. A reheater will be used after the first turbine stage. High steam parameters permit a further increase of process efficiency by using steam reheating which has not been applied in any other waste-to-energy plants to date. 34 3. A larger economiser will reduce the actual boiler outlet temperature to 180°C and thereby minimise flue gas losses. Besides that, a second and third economiser in the flue gas treatment facility will provide extra energy recovery. A main limitation to process efficiency is the flue gas temperature at the boiler outlet. This temperature is normally in the range of 200 to 240°C, and the remaining energy contents of the flue gases are not used. The high efficiency boiler will utilise the energy of the flue gases down to a temperature of 180°C. Energy recovery with the second and third economiser is possible due to the special patented heat exchanger with an economically acceptable lifetime. A number of other measures will accompany these main features. They represent advanced techniques and will further contribute to the improvement of heat transfer in the boiler or otherwise improve the performance. The balanced combination of all the measures must guarantee undisturbed functioning at the level being pursued. Project structure The project is structured in four stages: 1. Design; 2. Tendering, construction and installation; 3. Commissioning; and 4. Monitoring, evaluation and dissemination.
At the moment the second stage of the project is ongoing. The tendering and contracting procedure for the main parts of the installation is in preparation. Afval Energie Bedrijf, part of the administration of the city of Amsterdam, which is also the principal contractor for the FP5 project, will coordinate the project. Furthermore, there are two assistant contractors mainly responsible for the global design of the high-energy concept and for the evaluation and dissemination programme. Expected impact and exploitation The present project can act as a pilot for a new generation of waste-to-energy plants in Europe and far beyond. It will bring the efficiency of electricity generation in waste incineration processes to a new level and will form the basis for further development. The effects on the CO2reduction potential will be substantial. On the European scale – with 220 million tonnes per year of household waste and household-like municipal waste – the potential with over 34% gross efficiency waste-fired power plants is a base load electricity production of approximately 25,000 Mwe which is roughly twice the installed capacity in the Netherlands. Progress to date By concluding the Basic Design Report the outlines of the new incineration lines have been defined. The two lines will have the following qualifications: Nominal waste flow (two lines) 67.2 t/h Availability (design) > 90 % Yearly waste flow 530,000 t Electric output 63.55 MWel Gross efficiency 34.0 % Net efficiency 31.3 % The highest standards are being pursued as regards the burden on the environment. The guaranteed emission level will be clearly below Dutch flue gas emissions limits. In the worst case, NOx will be on the same level as the Dutch limit – 70 mg/m3. 35 Turbine Expansion laws. INFORMATION References: NNE5-189-2000 Programme: FP5 - Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development Title: Demonstration of Three Innovative Steam Boiler Parts for a Considerably Higher Electricity Recovery Rate in Waste Incineration – HIGH ENERGY RECOVERY Duration: 72 months Contact point: Wilhelm Sierhuis Gemeentelijke Dienst Afvalverwerking Tel: +31-20-5876201 Fax: +31-20-5876200 Wil_Sierhuis@afvalenergiebedrijf.nl Partners: Gemeentelijke Dienst Afvalverwerking (NL) Wandschneider und Gutjahr Ingenieurgesellschaft (D) WijdevenSutmuller & Partners (NL) EC Scientific Officer: José Riesgo Villanueva Tel: +32-2-2957939 Fax: +32-2-2966261 jose.riesgo@cec.eu.int Status: Ongoing
Page 1 and 2: PROJECT SYNOPSES European Bio-Energ
Page 3 and 4: Interested in European research? RT
Page 5 and 6: LEGAL NOTICE: Neither the European
Page 7 and 8: Contents � Forestry - Energy Wood
Page 9 and 10: - Studies of Fuel Blend Properties
Page 11 and 12: Expected impact and exploitation Th
Page 13 and 14: Results The main result of this pro
Page 15 and 16: Furthermore, multifuelled tests of
Page 17 and 18: Expected impact The integrated swee
Page 19 and 20: Expected impact and exploitation We
Page 23 and 24: Figure 1: Enrichment and depletion
Page 25 and 26: Greece on environmental technologie
Page 27 and 28: Project structure. Progress to date
Page 29 and 30: Progress to date The process of the
Page 31 and 32: Construction Details of DEPR-Plant.
Page 33: The most important feature of the P
Page 37 and 38: Isometric view of Corby Mixed Bio-F
Page 39 and 40: meetings and discussions have taken
Page 41 and 42: RESHMENT - Process. Project structu
Page 43 and 44: Project structure The project is or
Page 45 and 46: Results of catalytic processes. Pro
Page 47 and 48: VTT’s Process Development Unit (P
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Page 53 and 54: • syngas cooler; • baghouses fo
Page 55 and 56: Figure 1: Typical BIGCC process sch
Page 57 and 58: Bio oil is an easy-to-use liquid. B
Page 59 and 60: 3-D drawing of the envisaged pyroly
Page 61 and 62: Progress to date Project progress,
Page 63 and 64: Progress to date Both networks regu
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Page 73 and 74: • combustion of fuel gas in a tur
Page 75 and 76: Wood- Biomass- Bio-oil- Electricity
Page 77 and 78: Figure 1: Basic process flow diagra
Page 79 and 80: Progress to date A lot of data must
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Picture 1: Large-scale Digestor Set
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During the Demonstration part of th
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Expected impact and exploitation Ur
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Results Selective catalytic oxidati
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Expected impact and exploitation A
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• Rebuilding a carburettor and ex
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Expected results and exploitation p
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NOVEL CHP process. Results The deve
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TARGeT Process Scheme. New combusto
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Another important result from the p
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Results At the biennial meeting in
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BFB-Plant. Furthermore from tanned
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INTCON - Mainscreen. For this appli
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From this study it was observed tha
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Expected results As the project sta
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Figure 1: Hot water accumulator and
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Expected impact and exploitation In
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Clean Coal Pre--feasibility Study L
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educed mechanism has been implement
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Progress to date During the first t
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Basic analysis methods must be take
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parameters, relevant combustion con
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This proposal specifically addresse
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Expected impact and exploitation A
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FBCOBIOW - Project. Expected impact
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The Hungarian participant will faci
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were run with some challenges conce
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Expected impact International and n
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Figure 1: The UPSWING process. Proj
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From left to right: The logging res
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Figure 1: General layout of an inci
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Exploitation The exploitation activ
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Figure 1: Mesh for Two Stage Combus
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The advantage of fly ash in concret
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Environment • reduce emissions of
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Progress to date All the design and
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Figure 1: Flow Chart. Moreover, the
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Project structure In order to devel
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Figure 1: Expansion process within
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No tar-contaminated wastewater •
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Figure 1: View of the CHP plant, Li
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ales will be tested with the new te
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Progress to date Figure 1: Sustaina
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Expected impact and exploitation It
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Progress to date The delays of pres
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Expected impact and exploitation On
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Expected results and exploitation p
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As a result of the new agricultural
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Biomass bundling technology system.
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Expected impact and exploitation Re
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Structure of the BioNorm project. E
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In the second activity, the results
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Expected impact and exploitation In
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Results The project has successfull
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Figure 1: Research Areas of WG1 and
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perception and image of bioenergy,
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to determining the consequences for
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EU Biomass Technology Pavilion in W
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for the transport sector, and you h
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husks. As this waste material is co
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Distribution of the various types o
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Expected impact and exploitation Wa
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Expected impact and exploitation Th
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European Bio-Energy Projects

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