European Bio-Energy Projects

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SFH Objectives The objective is to design, optimise and demonstrate the combustion of sewage sludge using a 1.6MWth fluidised bed boiler. The boiler will be installed and operated at a waste water treatment works in Niepolomice, Poland. The project will demonstrate a technology not commercially available at present in this size. The calorific content of the sludge, together with excess biogas from the anaerobic digestion of the sludge in the normal treatment process, will provide energy for local heating, increasing the economic viability of the installation and reducing the consumption of fossil fuels. It will provide a cost effective and environmentally acceptable system for the disposal of sewage sludge produced at waste water treatment plants serving medium to large towns (10,000 to 60,000 inhabitants). Heat from sewage sludge Challenges Fluidised bed combustion is a well-established technology. Many larger-scale systems are in operation burning a variety of fuel or wastes, including sewage sludge, cleanly and efficiently. Smaller systems are used to burn coal and various wastes but as yet none have been used for sewage sludge combustion. However, experience with relatively small (1-5MW) fluidised bed combustors (FBC) and reactors has shown that such combustors might be adapted for use with sewage sludge. It has already been shown that small bubbling FBCs can be used for the thermal utilisation of solid, liquid and gaseous wastes. To stabilise the combustion process when using sewage sludge, the sludge can be combined with other wastes with a high content of combustible material, for example wood waste, segregated municipal waste or other organic materials, including biogas. In this project the use of wood chips is envisaged but in laboratory and pilot scale tests other wastes will be used to aid the combustion of wet sewage sludge, avoiding the need for excessive treatment of the sludge prior to utilisation. The system being developed combines the simplicity of lightweight construction with low production costs and low power requirements. The technical solutions are based on the modular system, so that the various parts of the installation can then be easily modified and assembled in different ways to suit the requirements of individual clients. 88 The FBC in the project will be used at the sewage treatment plant at Niepolomice (a town with about 50 000 inhabitants). The plant produces some 2 000 m3/h of raw sewage but this will rise to 4 500 m3/h in the near future. The FBC will comprise of a combustor and heat exchangers, together with a wet scrubbing system for the flue gas. Part of the heat produced will be used to heat buildings at the water treatment works. Waste water from the treatment will be used in the scrubber. Apart from electrical power, only wastes will be used in the operation of the installation. Since the installation will be light in weight, no expensive site preparation will be needed. The small size of the installation will make it possible to fit everything inside a standard transport container, facilitating transport and assembly. Project structure The project is being undertaken by a consortium of five organisations from three countries, with each organisation providing specialist knowledge, skills and/or facilities. The industrial and commercial partners are all SME’s and roles and responsibilities are clearly set out in a detailed work programme and schedule. Meetings are held at six monthly intervals, or as required by circumstances, to assess technical and financial progress.
Expected impact and exploitation Urban waste water, or sewage, is generally a mixture of domestic waste water from sinks, baths, washing machines and toilets, waste water from industry and rainwater run-off from roads and other surfaces. Without treatment the waste water would damage the water environment and create public health problems. Treatment of the sewage and the disposal or reuse of the resultant sludge helps to protect the water environment and the use of water for drinking, recreation and industry as required by the EC Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive and other directives. The <strong>European</strong> Agency predicts that the amount of sewage sludge will increase by 50% in the 15 Member States by 2005. The prohibition of the disposal of untreated waste to landfill will exacerbate the problem of disposal and incineration is expected to increase by 300%. The availability of a boiler of the sizes being developed in this project, able to combust sewage sludge, will help Waste Water Treatment Plants serving medium to large towns to meet the more stringent demands for water treatment, and at the same time provide useful heat. Progress to date Laboratory tests on the combustion of the sludge and the proposed supporting waste fuels have shown that full mineralisation of the sludge is achieved. The ash produced cannot be utilised, since it will contain the heavy metals present in the original sewage, but its disposal at suitable sites will be possible. The tests have been repeated at a pilot scale, with a 150 kW combustor, utilising up to 50 kg/hr of sludge and bed temperatures of 900ºC. Combustibles in the ash were less than 1%. The modelling of the FBC with a recovery of the heat from the flue gases to determine the wetness of the sewage sludge as a function of the air temperature after the heat exchanger is progressing. This will help to determine the amount of wood at a selected wetness required to combust the wet sludge. Tests have been carried out to determine other wastes that could be employed as supporting fuels instead of the wood waste available on the market. These wastes include shredded waste paper and cardboard, polymer wastes (PET, PE, PP), and dried animal wastes withdrawn from use as animal feed because of the threat of BSE. These wastes will be tested on the full-scale boiler. The boiler, distributor, ash cooler, air pre-heater, ash trap and feeders have been designed for the 1 MW installation that will be installed at the waste water treatment works at Niepolomice. As part of the project the equipment will be demonstrated at Niepolomice for one year and a full dissemination programme will be undertaken. 89 INFORMATION References: NNE5-468-2001 Programme: FP5 - <strong>Energy</strong>, Environment and Sustainable Development Title: Sludge for Heat – SFH Duration: 3 years Contact point: Arthur Hollis ETP Ltd (UK) ArthurHollis@compuserve.com Partners: ETP (UK) ABM SOLID (PL) Krakow University of Technology (PL) Urzad Miasta (I) Gminy Niepolimice (PL) Ekoservis Slovensko (SK) EC Scientific Officer: José Riesgo Villanueva Tel: +32-2-2957939 Fax: +32-2-2966261 jose.riesgo@cec.eu.int Status: Ongoing
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PROJECT SYNOPSES European Bio-Energ
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Interested in European research? RT
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LEGAL NOTICE: Neither the European
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Contents � Forestry - Energy Wood
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- Studies of Fuel Blend Properties
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Expected impact and exploitation Th
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Results The main result of this pro
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Furthermore, multifuelled tests of
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Expected impact The integrated swee
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Expected impact and exploitation We
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Figure 1: Enrichment and depletion
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Greece on environmental technologie
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Project structure. Progress to date
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Progress to date The process of the
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Construction Details of DEPR-Plant.
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The most important feature of the P
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At the moment the second stage of t
Page 37 and 38: Isometric view of Corby Mixed Bio-F
Page 39 and 40: meetings and discussions have taken
Page 41 and 42: RESHMENT - Process. Project structu
Page 43 and 44: Project structure The project is or
Page 45 and 46: Results of catalytic processes. Pro
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Page 51 and 52: Project structure The project is im
Page 53 and 54: • syngas cooler; • baghouses fo
Page 55 and 56: Figure 1: Typical BIGCC process sch
Page 57 and 58: Bio oil is an easy-to-use liquid. B
Page 59 and 60: 3-D drawing of the envisaged pyroly
Page 61 and 62: Progress to date Project progress,
Page 63 and 64: Progress to date Both networks regu
Page 65 and 66: Finally, the project will contribut
Page 67 and 68: treatment dominate the cost structu
Page 69 and 70: Gasification product gas compositio
Page 71 and 72: Figure 1: Energy flows of the AER p
Page 73 and 74: • combustion of fuel gas in a tur
Page 75 and 76: Wood- Biomass- Bio-oil- Electricity
Page 77 and 78: Figure 1: Basic process flow diagra
Page 79 and 80: Progress to date A lot of data must
Page 81 and 82: Figure 1: Deposites of crystalline
Page 83 and 84: Figure 1: Overview of biological wa
Page 85 and 86: Picture 1: Large-scale Digestor Set
Page 87: During the Demonstration part of th
Page 91 and 92: Results Selective catalytic oxidati
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Page 95 and 96: • Rebuilding a carburettor and ex
Page 97 and 98: Expected results and exploitation p
Page 99 and 100: NOVEL CHP process. Results The deve
Page 101 and 102: TARGeT Process Scheme. New combusto
Page 103 and 104: Another important result from the p
Page 105 and 106: Results At the biennial meeting in
Page 107 and 108: BFB-Plant. Furthermore from tanned
Page 109 and 110: INTCON - Mainscreen. For this appli
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Page 113 and 114: Expected results As the project sta
Page 115 and 116: Figure 1: Hot water accumulator and
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Page 119 and 120: Clean Coal Pre--feasibility Study L
Page 121 and 122: educed mechanism has been implement
Page 123 and 124: Progress to date During the first t
Page 125 and 126: Basic analysis methods must be take
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Page 131 and 132: Expected impact and exploitation A
Page 133 and 134: FBCOBIOW - Project. Expected impact
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Expected impact International and n
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Figure 1: The UPSWING process. Proj
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From left to right: The logging res
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Figure 1: General layout of an inci
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Exploitation The exploitation activ
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Figure 1: Mesh for Two Stage Combus
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The advantage of fly ash in concret
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Environment • reduce emissions of
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Progress to date All the design and
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Figure 1: Flow Chart. Moreover, the
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Project structure In order to devel
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Figure 1: Expansion process within
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No tar-contaminated wastewater •
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Figure 1: View of the CHP plant, Li
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ales will be tested with the new te
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Progress to date Figure 1: Sustaina
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Expected impact and exploitation It
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Progress to date The delays of pres
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Expected impact and exploitation On
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Expected results and exploitation p
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As a result of the new agricultural
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Biomass bundling technology system.
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Expected impact and exploitation Re
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Structure of the BioNorm project. E
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In the second activity, the results
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Expected impact and exploitation In
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Results The project has successfull
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Figure 1: Research Areas of WG1 and
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perception and image of bioenergy,
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to determining the consequences for
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EU Biomass Technology Pavilion in W
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for the transport sector, and you h
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husks. As this waste material is co
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Distribution of the various types o
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Expected impact and exploitation Wa
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This compilation of synopses covers
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European Bio-Energy Projects

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