European Bio-Energy Projects

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BIOTOX Objectives The aim is to comprehensively assess the toxicity and eco-toxicity of a representative bio-oil after the preliminary screening of a wide range of bio-oils from different processes and temperatures in order to: - identify the best operating conditions, avoiding or minimising the formation of toxic products from the composition of the bio-oils, - produce a comprehensive and definitive MSDS with the proper preventative and remedial procedures to adopt during the production, transport and use of bio-oils, - produce fast pyrolysis bio-oils with a low impact on human health and the environment by avoiding bio-oils production presenting potential toxic characteristics. Pyrolysis oil toxicity assessment for safe handling and transport Challenges Pyrolysis is one of the three main thermochemical routes to convert biomass into useful primary energy products. Fast pyrolysis has benefited from an active research programme since the 1980’s in order to obtain bio-oils, which can be used in engines for the generation of electricity or after refining in transport. Today, several demonstration plants are operating in Europe and North America where significant quantities of bio-oils are produced for research and development purposes and several commercial plants are at an advanced stage of planning. Thus for a commercial development, the question of safety procedures for human health and environment preservation is raised. In the project, the relationship between process parameters on the one hand and chemical composition and toxicity for human health and environment on the other will be investigated, so as to recommend the operating conditions to produce bio-oils with the lowest impacts. Then the optimised compositions of bio-oils will be submitted to the mandatory tests required by the EU legal authority, the objective being the definition of secure handling and storage procedures, in order to control the risks related to the product for the population and the environment. 56 The effects of different ways of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) will be quantified, as well as the effects of long term exposures. The impacts on the environment will also be evaluated by biodegradability, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and the effects on bio-organisms. A MSDS safety procedure and guidelines for bio-oils use and transport will be published in order to allow oil producers to legally market and transport on the European market. Methodology and approach The project will proceed in four steps as follows: Bio-oils production and procurement Oil composition strongly depends on feedstock, pyrolysis technology and process conditions. Therefore, bio-oils will be produced from different reactors (fluid bed, rotating cone, circulating fluid bed, ablative pyrolysis, vacuum pyrolysis), and under different conditions and temperatures (450 to 600°C) in order to relate those parameters to oil composition, toxicological characteristics andbiodegradability.
Bio oil is an easy-to-use liquid. Bio-oils analysis and screening tests It will concern the chemical and physical analyses of the oils, the determination of concentration ranges in each chemical family and the characterisation of the oils versus operating conditions. These analyses will be completed with toxicological screening tests for a first evaluation of bio-oils toxicity and biodegradability. Complete toxicological and eco-toxicological test A complete set of analyses will be carried out on a selected oil, representative of the market and based on the previous results, to test its comportment in terms of toxicology, eco-toxicology and biodegradability. Recommendations for safety procedures and dissemination of the results This will include the redaction of MSDS safety procedure and guidelines for the use of bio-oils and transport preparation as well as the elaboration of recommendations on the best operating conditions to be used to obtain friendly products. The dissemination will be done through the pyrolysis European network “PyNe”. Project structure The structure of the consortium is defined to ensure dissemination and utilisation of the results, as producers and users are involved in the project through the pyrolysis European network “PyNe”. During the different meetings of the steering committee they will be asked to give feedback on their own experience, give their opinions on the tests performed and participate in the definition of the safety procedures to be applied. This will enhance awareness among the producers and end-users, and the procedures defined will be directly applicable on industrial sites. Expected results Chemical analysis of bio-oil. An appropriate assessment of the risk involved, and the definition of the best practice for the production of the most benign bio-oil in terms of health and the environment, will contribute to reduce the production costs and make pyrolysis bio-oil more competitive. In addition, the knowledge of the parameters potentially responsible for toxicity will limit production losses. The MSDS safety procedure will allow a free exchange of the bio-oil throughout Europe and the world. The results will be widely published on the existing PyNe’s website, as well as in the newsletter. 57 INFORMATION References: NNE5-744-2001 Programme: FP5 - Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development Title: Pyrolysis Oil Toxicity Assessment for Safe Handling and Transport – BIOTOX Duration: 30 months Contact point: Philippe Girard Cirad Forêt philippe.girard@cirad.fr Tel: +33-467614475 Partners: Cirad (F) Aston University (UK) BFH Laboratory (UK) CIT (F) Care (UK) EC Scientific Officer: Kyriakos Maniatis Tel: +32-2-2990293 Fax: +32-2-2966261 kyriakos.maniatis@cec.eu.int Status: Ongoing
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PROJECT SYNOPSES European Bio-Energ
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Interested in European research? RT
Page 5 and 6: LEGAL NOTICE: Neither the European
Page 7 and 8: Contents � Forestry - Energy Wood
Page 9 and 10: - Studies of Fuel Blend Properties
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Page 13 and 14: Results The main result of this pro
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Page 29 and 30: Progress to date The process of the
Page 31 and 32: Construction Details of DEPR-Plant.
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Page 37 and 38: Isometric view of Corby Mixed Bio-F
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Page 45 and 46: Results of catalytic processes. Pro
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Page 53 and 54: • syngas cooler; • baghouses fo
Page 55: Figure 1: Typical BIGCC process sch
Page 59 and 60: 3-D drawing of the envisaged pyroly
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Page 73 and 74: • combustion of fuel gas in a tur
Page 75 and 76: Wood- Biomass- Bio-oil- Electricity
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Page 79 and 80: Progress to date A lot of data must
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Page 91 and 92: Results Selective catalytic oxidati
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Page 99 and 100: NOVEL CHP process. Results The deve
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BFB-Plant. Furthermore from tanned
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INTCON - Mainscreen. For this appli
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From this study it was observed tha
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Expected results As the project sta
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Figure 1: Hot water accumulator and
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Expected impact and exploitation In
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Clean Coal Pre--feasibility Study L
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educed mechanism has been implement
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Progress to date During the first t
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Basic analysis methods must be take
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parameters, relevant combustion con
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This proposal specifically addresse
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Expected impact and exploitation A
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FBCOBIOW - Project. Expected impact
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The Hungarian participant will faci
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were run with some challenges conce
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Expected impact International and n
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Figure 1: The UPSWING process. Proj
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From left to right: The logging res
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Figure 1: General layout of an inci
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Exploitation The exploitation activ
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Figure 1: Mesh for Two Stage Combus
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The advantage of fly ash in concret
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Environment • reduce emissions of
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Progress to date All the design and
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Figure 1: Flow Chart. Moreover, the
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Project structure In order to devel
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Figure 1: Expansion process within
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No tar-contaminated wastewater •
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Figure 1: View of the CHP plant, Li
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ales will be tested with the new te
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Progress to date Figure 1: Sustaina
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Expected impact and exploitation It
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Progress to date The delays of pres
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Expected impact and exploitation On
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Expected results and exploitation p
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As a result of the new agricultural
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Biomass bundling technology system.
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Expected impact and exploitation Re
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Structure of the BioNorm project. E
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In the second activity, the results
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Expected impact and exploitation In
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Results The project has successfull
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Figure 1: Research Areas of WG1 and
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perception and image of bioenergy,
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to determining the consequences for
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EU Biomass Technology Pavilion in W
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for the transport sector, and you h
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husks. As this waste material is co
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Distribution of the various types o
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Expected impact and exploitation Wa
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Expected impact and exploitation Th
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This compilation of synopses covers
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European Bio-Energy Projects

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