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El rey Rodrigo y su concepto de la fuerza - Portal de Cultura de ...

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192<br />

ABSTRACT<br />

FERNANDO SOTERAS ESCARTÍN<br />

The present article aims to account for the low levels of recruitment of<br />

troops by King <strong>Rodrigo</strong> in the Spring of 711 A.D. which ultimately led to<br />

his <strong>de</strong>feat at the hands of Arab inva<strong>de</strong>rs. A <strong>de</strong>tailed analysis of the formation<br />

and total size of his army will be provi<strong>de</strong>d through a comparative study<br />

of the manner in which Kings wamba and <strong>Rodrigo</strong> raised their military<br />

forces un<strong>de</strong>r simi<strong>la</strong>r circumstances for their campaigns and expeditions in<br />

the Spring and Summer of 673 A.D. and 711 A.D. respectively. The study<br />

will enable us to i<strong>de</strong>ntify both the misgui<strong>de</strong>d approach followed by King<br />

<strong>Rodrigo</strong> in raising his army to combat the threats he faced at the beginning<br />

of his reign as well as other factors to which proper consi<strong>de</strong>ration was not<br />

given, leading him to the miscalcu<strong>la</strong>tion which was to prove <strong>de</strong>finitive in<br />

terms of his reign and, by extension, for the very existence of the Kingdom<br />

of Toledo.<br />

KEY WORDS: wamba, <strong>Rodrigo</strong>, campaign, military expedition, force,<br />

effort, popu<strong>la</strong>tion, conscription, armies.<br />

INTRODUCCIÓN<br />

* * * * *<br />

Abordar un tema tan espinoso como <strong>la</strong> justificación <strong>de</strong> elección <strong>de</strong><br />

Fuerza por un jefe militar en una <strong>de</strong>terminada campaña, expedición<br />

militar o batal<strong>la</strong>, es siempre una tarea complicada, pues no<br />

re<strong>su</strong>lta fácil ni el análisis específico que ro<strong>de</strong>a esa elección ni <strong>la</strong> propia<br />

comprensión <strong>de</strong>l entorno sociopolítico que lo envuelve en <strong>su</strong> particu<strong>la</strong>r<br />

marco histórico.<br />

A<strong>de</strong>más, es igualmente complicado el justificar <strong>la</strong> influencia <strong>de</strong> otros<br />

factores, no meramente militares, en <strong>la</strong> conformación <strong>de</strong> dicha Fuerza, que<br />

en algún momento <strong>de</strong>terminado, o a lo <strong>la</strong>rgo <strong>de</strong> toda <strong>su</strong> actuación, puedan<br />

llegar a mermar o fortalecer, por el contrario, los re<strong>su</strong>ltados obtenidos por<br />

<strong>la</strong> misma.<br />

De ambos panoramas <strong>de</strong> análisis solo cabe intentar no reducir <strong>la</strong>s razones<br />

y justificaciones <strong>de</strong>l éxito o <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> <strong>de</strong>rrota a un solo factor, sea humano o<br />

material, si no más bien, buscar un equilibrio entre <strong>la</strong> concepción inicial y<br />

<strong>la</strong> posterior aplicación <strong>de</strong> <strong>la</strong> misma o, lo que es lo mismo, entre <strong>la</strong> ciencia y<br />

el arte en lo que respecta a <strong>su</strong> uso por parte <strong>de</strong>l jefe que <strong>de</strong>ba <strong>de</strong> emplear<strong>la</strong>.

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