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52 Reve sexologique 1 Sexological Review
Recognizing these limitations, from the results of this work we
would conclude that aU three judgmental heuristics intervened
between cues and actions on the one hand and risk perception on the
other. Their effect in our sample was to create an optimistie bias
which made these young adults feel they were not at risk of HIV
infection. For both men and women, the processes used for self­
protection primarily involved partner selection and relationship­
based sexual activity. However, when the ways in which each of these
offered protection were explored, it was clear that they differed for
men and women.
Our findings suggest two directions for future research. First, as
educational programmes change it will continue to be important to
monitor and evaluate their impact and to adjust them based on the
findings of these evaluations. This research demonstrates the
importance of taking judgmental heuristics into account both in
further development of theories explaining preventive action, and in
designig and evaluating intervention programmes.
Second, the differences in the meaning of trust and the place of
relationship for men and women require further investigation. Such
investigation should address the implications of such difference for
the development of single non-gender specifie models as compared to
gender distinct theoretical and measurement models.
In addition, research is needed to explore the implications of such
gender differences for understanding decision-making by men and
women and the dynamics of cross-gender interactions and
relationships.
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