The Oriental Religions in Roman Paganism [1911] - Get a Free Blog

224 THE ORIENTAL RELIGIONS.
p. 271. Showerman, "The Great Mother of the Gods" (Bulle
tin of the University of Wisconsin, No. 43), Madison, 1901.
Hepding, Attis, seine Mythen und sein Kult, Giessen, 1903.
Dill, Roman Society from Nero to Marcus Aurelms, London,
I9O5 pp. 547 ff. Gruppe, Griech, Mythologie, 1906, pp. 1521 ff.
Eisele, "Die phrygischen Kulte," Neue Jahrb. fur das klass.
Altcrtum, XXIII, 1909, pp. 620 ff.
For a number of years Henri Graillot has been collecting the
monuments of the religion of Cybele with a view to publishing
them in their entirety. Numerous remarks on the Phrygian
religion will be found in the works and articles of Ramsay,
especially in Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia, 1895, and
Studies in the Eastern Roman Provinces, 1906.
1. Arrien, fr. 30 (FGH, III, p. 592). Cf. our Studia Pon-
tica, 1905, pp. 172 ff., and Statius, Achill., II, 345 : "Phrygas
lucos. .. .vetitasque solo, procumbere pinus" ; Virg., Aen., IX,
85-
2. Lion; cf. S. Reinach, Mythes, cultes, I, p. 293. The lion,
represented in Asia Minor at a very remote period as de
vouring a bull or other animals, might possibly represent the
sacred animal of Lydia or Phrygia vanquishing the protecting
totem of the tribes of Cappadocia or the neighboring countries
(I am using the term totem in its broadest meaning). This
at least is the interpretation given to similar groups in Egypt.
Cf. Foucart, La methode comparat. et I histoire des religions,
1909, p. 49, P- 70.
3. IloTvia Oypwv. On this title, cf. Radet, Revue des etudes
anciennes, X, 1908, pp. iioff. The most ancient type of the
goddess, a winged figure leading lions, is known from monu
ments dating back to the period of the Mermnadi (687-546
B.C.),
4. Cf. Ramsay, Cities and Bishoprics of Phrygia, I, p. 7, p. 94.
5. Foucart, Le culte de Dionysos en Attique (Extract from
the Mem. Acad. Inscr., XXXVII), 1904, pp. 22 ff. The Thra-
cians also seem to have spread, in Asia Minor, the cult of the
of the Roman
"riding god" which existed until the beginning
period; cf. Remy, Le Musee beige, XI, 1907, pp. 136 ff.
6. Catullus, LXIII.