Environmental Statement - Maersk Oil
Environmental Statement - Maersk Oil
Environmental Statement - Maersk Oil
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Balloch Field Development <strong>Environmental</strong> <strong>Statement</strong><br />
Section 3 Baseline Environment<br />
Macrofauna<br />
The results of the macrofaunal survey (Fugro, 2010) suggest the community within the proposed<br />
Balloch development area is highly diverse with 152 discrete macrofaunal taxa (>0.5 mm) being<br />
represented in the samples collected within the survey area. These comprised of 70 annelid, 39<br />
crustacean, 36 molluscan and 3 echinoderm, along with 4 others belonging to other phyla. Annelids<br />
were dominant in the samples, representing 65.4 % of the fauna.<br />
The most abundant taxon recorded during the Fugro (2010) survey was the amphinomid polychaete<br />
Paramphinome jeffreysii, an almost ubiquitous member of CNS communities that frequently<br />
dominates the fauna in unimpacted areas. P. jeffreysii is a north Atlantic species generally found<br />
burrowing in mud and fine sands from the shallow sub tidal to depths of over 100 m. The second<br />
most numerically dominant species was a bivalve, the filter feeding Adontorhina similis, which is<br />
typically found in the North Sea (including around oilfields) in mixed sediments at water depths of<br />
between 85 m and 161 m. Levinsenia gracilis was the third most numerically dominant species.<br />
L. gracilis, from the Paraonidae family, is a deposit and filter feeding polychaete worm found in fine<br />
sediments including coarse silt and muddy sand from the lower shore to the deep sublittoral. The<br />
fourth and fifth most numerically dominant species (Galathowenia oculata agg. and Spiophanes<br />
kroyeri respectively) were found at similar levels across the survey area. These are both deposit<br />
feeding polychaetes. Both species are tube forming and G. oculata agg. is known to form dense worm<br />
colonies. Multivariate statistical analysis of the macrofaunal station data (0.3 m 2 ) identified two<br />
statistically significant clusters and a single outlying station. The outlying station was significantly<br />
different as a different taxa was observed to be dominating the fauna at this location. The same<br />
station was also identified as an outlier in the granulometric multivariate analysis due to the presence<br />
of higher proportions of very fine silt and clay, indicating that the sediment was a possible<br />
discriminating factor. The two clusters identified from the macrofaunal data were also very similar to<br />
the granulometry clusters, with just two stations switching from one cluster to the other. BIOENV<br />
calculations (which measure how close two sets of multivariate data are) supported the theory that<br />
sediment type plays a significant role in determining the macrofauna, with significant correlations<br />
found between the overall macrofaunal community composition and individual phi units. The<br />
physico‐chemical data showed little variation across the survey area and as a result there was only<br />
one statistically significant correlation between faunal community and the physico‐chemical<br />
parameters (mean particle size in µm).<br />
Collectively, the data suggested that the survey area is a relatively uncontaminated fine‐grained<br />
habitat and has a community structure typical for such a habitat in the CNS.<br />
Comparisons with the communities listed within The Marine Habitat Classification for Britain and<br />
Ireland, Version 04.05 (Connor et al., 2004) suggested that the closest biotope was ‘Levinsenia gracilis<br />
and Heteromastus filiformis in offshore circalittoral mud and sandy mud’ (SS.SMu.OMu.LevHet), an<br />
offshore mud and sandy mud biotope with a faunal community characterised by the polychaetes<br />
Levinsenia gracilis and Heteromastus filiformis. Other important taxa include Paramphinome<br />
jeffreysii, Nephtys hystricis and Spiophanes kroyeri among others (Orbinia norvegica, Thyasira<br />
equalis). This biotope has been previously identified in the CNS and NNS.<br />
3.6.3. FISH<br />
At present more than 330 fish species are thought to inhabit the shelf seas of the UKCS (Pinnegar et<br />
al., 2010) Pelagic species (e.g. herring (Clupea clupea), mackerel (Scomber scombrus), blue whiting<br />
(Micromesistius poutassou) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus) are found in mid‐water and typically make<br />
extensive seasonal movements or migrations. Demersal species (e.g. cod (Gadus morhua), haddock<br />
(Melanogrammus aeglefinus), sandeels (Ammodytes tobianus), sole (Solea solea) and whiting<br />
(Merlangius merlangus) live on or near the seabed and similar to pelagic species, many are known to<br />
passively move (e.g. drifting eggs and larvae) and/or actively migrate (e.g. juveniles and adults)<br />
between areas during their lifecycle.<br />
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