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5 HABITAT PROTECTION FOR CETACEANS AROUND THE WORLD: STATUS AND PROSPECTS INTRODUCTION To evaluate the present status of habitat protection for cetaceans, I have examined each of the 18 marine regions of the world ocean following the scheme adopted by the IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA, formerly CNPPA) (Kelleher et al, 1995c). The 18 marine regions were devised mainly on the basis of biogeographic criteria but, for practical reasons, also pay heed to political or pragmatic boundaries. For example, South Africa, extends from the Atlantic to the Indian oceans but is all included in Marine Region 8, West Africa. In addition, Central America, minus México, is included as part of the Southeast Pacific Marine Region, and a large part of the Arctic of northern Alaska and Canada is included with the Northwest Atlantic. Despite these and a few other incongruities, I have used the WCPA system of dividing the 18 regions, mainly for practical reasons of consistency for MPA practitioners (see Figure 5.1). Initially, I began preparing country accounts for each of the 151 coastal countries and 47 island territories, describing cetacean habitat in each. This toodetailed approach was soon abandoned in favour of a marine region approach. The rationale is that few cetaceans reside entirely in the waters of a single country; exceptions are the Yangtze River dolphin in China, vaquita in México and Hector’s dolphin in New Zealand. Therefore, conservation issues are primarily a regional matter. The regional approach also lends itself to discussion
88 Marine Protected Areas for Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises The IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) divides the world ocean into 18 marine regions. See Table 5.1 for a complete listing of the countries and territories in each marine region. Figure 5.1 Map of the 18 marine regions of the world
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MARINE PROTECTED AREAS FOR WHALES,
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MARINE PROTECTED AREAS FOR WHALES,
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CONTENTS List of Figures vii List o
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LIST OF FIGURES I.1 The exclusive e
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List of Tables ix 5.16 Indonesian l
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First I must thank
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Acknowledgements xiii Charitable Tr
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
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PROLOGUE The publication of this ha
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Prologue xix stakeholders - local c
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INTRODUCTION There are three main d
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Introduction 3 or non-geographicall
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Introduction 5 and dolphins. At tha
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Introduction 7 This world map shows
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BOX I.3 THE PRECAUTIONARY APPROACH
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Introduction 11 do an important job
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Introduction 13 and Birkun, 2002; R
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Ocean Sanctuaries, Marine Reserves
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Page 58 and 59: Ocean Sanctuaries, Marine Reserves
Page 64 and 65: Table 1.6 International and regiona
Page 66 and 67: CITES - Convention on • Formulate
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Page 78 and 79: Why Spotlight Whales, Dolphins and
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Page 86 and 87: Table 2.7 Toothed whales: porpoises
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Page 106 and 107: Strategies for Protecting Cetaceans
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Case Study 4: Regno di Nettuno MPA
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Habitat Protection for Cetaceans ar
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• to promote intensive field rese
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Epilogue 449 Table E.1 Total sanctu
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Epilogue 451 4 That the long arm of
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REFERENCES Agardy, T (1997) Marine
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References 455 Bearzi, G (1995) The
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References 457 11th Biennial Confer
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References 459 Vol II, The Great Ba
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References 461 Forcada, J (1995) Ab
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References 463 Hoyt, E (1978) Frien
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References 465 CH Peterson, RS Sten
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References 467 Lauriano, G (1997b)
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References 469 Mercier, F and C Mon
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References 471 Notarbartolo di Scia
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References 473 Prideaux, M (2003a)
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References 475 Sanino, GP and JL Y
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References 477 Tregenza, NJC, SD Be
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Abaco National Park 220-1 Abrolhos
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Calayan Island Protected Area 336-7
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European Union Habitats and Species
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315-6, 342, 359-60, 381, 398, 400,
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Monte Bellos/Barrow Island Marine R
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Queensland 430-3 Race Rocks Candida
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Tierra del Fuego National Park and
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Blainville’s Beaked Whale Mesoplo
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Resident Atlantic spotted dolphins,
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Some 230 northern bottlenose whales
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