Marine protected areas for whales, dolphins, and porpoises: a world ...

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Habitat Protection for Cetaceans around the World 253 Notes and rationale For more information • The adjacent land-based reserve, IUCN Category IV, was established • Attwood et al, 1997: Lemm in 1977; the MPA was set up under the Transkei Environmental and Attwood, 2003; Decree 10 of 1992 and named in 1998 under the Marine Living Robinson and De Graaff, Resources Act. 1994 • Special features include a unique swamp forest with some open • Contact: Marine and grassland and ravines supporting a wide range of land, coastal and Coastal Management, adjacent marine species. Ministry of Environmental • MPA has no management or zoning plan; at present, it is considered Affairs and Tourism, one zone where all fishing is prohibited but there is no active Cape Town; management. Eastern Cape Dept of Economic Affairs, Environment web: and Tourism (ECDEAET) is supposed to be responsible for species www.environment.gov.za conservation and management of protected areas, but management agreement needs to be formulated between ECDEAET and the national MCM bodies. • IUCN Category II reserve set up to protect the remains of marine • Attwood et al, 1997: Lemm fossil beds. and Attwood, 2003; • Named as one of 19 MPAs in the Marine Living Resources Act No 18 Robinson and De Graaff, of 1998, this small MPA may include cetacean habitat but studies 1994 need to be done. • Contact: Marine and • Managed by Ezemvelo KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife, the public Coastal Management, conservation agency of KwaZulu-Natal province. Ministry of Environmental • Management plan is needed as there is currently very limited Affairs and Tourism, management of this MPA. Cape Town; web: www.environment.gov.za • KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife; web: www.kznwildlife.com • IUCN Category II, set up initially as a land-based park (dating from • Attwood et al, 1997: Lemm 1939) and game reserve (dating from 1897); it was named as one of and Attwood, 2003; 19 MPAs in the Marine Living Resources Act No 18 of 1998. Robinson and De Graaff, • The MPA may include cetacean habitat, especially for dolphins; 1994 specific cetacean studies need to be done. • Contact: Marine and • Part of and managed by the Greater St Lucia Wetland Park Authority, Coastal Management, together with the Maputaland MPA (below) and a complex of other Ministry of Environmental protected areas, through Ezemvelo KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife, the public Affairs and Tourism, conservation agency of KwaZulu-Natal province. Cape Town; • This zoned MPA was declared under Provincial Ordinance 15 of web: 1974 as well as the World Heritage Convention Act No 49 of 1999, www.environment.gov.za initially to help protect turtles and coral. • KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife; • The management plan needs to be revised (Lemm and Attwood, web: www.kznwildlife.com 2003). • Named as one of 19 MPAs in the Marine Living Resources Act No 18 • Attwood et al, 1997; Lemm of 1998, this MPA is part of and managed by the Greater St Lucia and Attwood, 2003; Wetland Park Authority, together with St Lucia MPA (above), through Robinson and De Graaff, Ezemvelo KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife, the public conservation agency of 1994 KwaZulu-Natal province. • Contact: Marine and • This zoned MPA was declared under Provincial Ordinance 15 of Coastal Management, 1974 as well as the World Heritage Convention Act No 49 of 1999. Ministry of Environmental • The management plan needs to be revised (Lemm and Attwood, Affairs and Tourism, 2003). Cape Town; web: www.environment.gov.za • KwaZulu-Natal Wildlife; web: www.kznwildlife.com
254 Marine Protected Areas for Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises Table 5.11 continued Name of MPA or sanctuary, Cetacean and other notable species location and size (32) Helderberg MPA • Jun–Nov: southern right whale, Eubalaena australis; • located along 2.5 mi (4 km) of shore year-round: Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops adjacent to Helderberg Coastal aduncus; short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus Reserve, northern False Bay, delphis Western Cape (33) Walker Bay Whale Sanctuary • Jun–Nov: southern right whale, Eubalaena australis; • Walker Bay, off Hermanus, Western year-round, common: Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Cape Tursiops aduncus; short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis (34) West Coast National Park, • Jun–Nov: southern right whale, Eubalaena australis; including (35) Langebaan Lagoon year-round: Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops MPA and (36) Sixteen Mile Beach aduncus; Heaviside’s dolphin, Cephalorhynchus heavisidii; MPA, as well as (37) Marcus, (38) dusky dolphin, Lagenorhynchus obscurus Jutten and (39) Malgas MPAs, proposed for amalgamation • located along Western Cape, north of Cape Town (40) Cape Peninsula MPA, • Jun–Nov: southern right whale, Eubalaena australis; proposed and in process, includes year-round: Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops (41) Castle Rock MPA aduncus; short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis • adjacent to Cape Peninsula National Park, False Bay, Western Cape • 2.5 mi 2 (6.6 km 2 ) at present for Castle Rock MPA only; expansion would be considerably larger
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MARINE PROTECTED AREAS FOR WHALES,
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MARINE PROTECTED AREAS FOR WHALES,
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CONTENTS List of Figures vii List o
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LIST OF FIGURES I.1 The exclusive e
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List of Tables ix 5.16 Indonesian l
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First I must thank
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Acknowledgements xiii Charitable Tr
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
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PROLOGUE The publication of this ha
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Prologue xix stakeholders - local c
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INTRODUCTION There are three main d
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Introduction 3 or non-geographicall
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Introduction 5 and dolphins. At tha
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Introduction 7 This world map shows
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BOX I.3 THE PRECAUTIONARY APPROACH
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Introduction 11 do an important job
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Introduction 13 and Birkun, 2002; R
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Ocean Sanctuaries, Marine Reserves
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Table 1.6 International and regiona
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CITES - Convention on • Formulate
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2 WHY SPOTLIGHT WHALES, DOLPHINS AN
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Why Spotlight Whales, Dolphins and
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Table 2.3 Baleen whales. World dist
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Table 2.4 Toothed whales: sperm and
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Table 2.6 Toothed whales: ocean dol
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Table 2.7 Toothed whales: porpoises
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Why Spotlight Whales, Dolphins and
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Creating Better Marine Protected Ar
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B Scientific importance Does the pr
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4 STRATEGIES FOR PROTECTING CETACEA
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Strategies for Protecting Cetaceans
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5 HABITAT PROTECTION FOR CETACEANS
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Habitat Protection for Cetaceans ar
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Case Study 1: Ross Sea - time for n
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Case Study 4: Regno di Nettuno MPA
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• to promote intensive field rese
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Epilogue 449 Table E.1 Total sanctu
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Epilogue 451 4 That the long arm of
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REFERENCES Agardy, T (1997) Marine
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References 455 Bearzi, G (1995) The
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References 457 11th Biennial Confer
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References 459 Vol II, The Great Ba
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References 461 Forcada, J (1995) Ab
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References 463 Hoyt, E (1978) Frien
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References 465 CH Peterson, RS Sten
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References 467 Lauriano, G (1997b)
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References 469 Mercier, F and C Mon
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References 471 Notarbartolo di Scia
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References 473 Prideaux, M (2003a)
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References 475 Sanino, GP and JL Y
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References 477 Tregenza, NJC, SD Be
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Abaco National Park 220-1 Abrolhos
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Calayan Island Protected Area 336-7
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European Union Habitats and Species
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315-6, 342, 359-60, 381, 398, 400,
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Monte Bellos/Barrow Island Marine R
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Queensland 430-3 Race Rocks Candida
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Tierra del Fuego National Park and
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Blainville’s Beaked Whale Mesoplo
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Resident Atlantic spotted dolphins,
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Some 230 northern bottlenose whales
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