Marine protected areas for whales, dolphins, and porpoises: a world ...

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Habitat Protection for Cetaceans around the World 209 Notes and rationale For more information • In 1996, part of the inner Moray Firth was proposed under the • Arnold, 1997; Curran et al, EU Habitats and Species Directive as an SAC to protect the 1996; Janik and Thompson, resident bottlenose dolphin population, the northernmost 1996; more information bottlenose dolphins and the only population in the North Sea. from www.morayfirth- • As part of a public process, a management scheme (first revision, partnership.org 2003) has proposed measures to protect the dolphins and their • Contact: Ben Leyshon, habitat, to manage the area’s marine environment for the benefit of Scottish Natural Heritage; the dolphins, their habitat and the submerged sandbanks, as well as email: to raise awareness about the dolphins and the benefits of having an ben.leyshon@snh.gov.uk SAC, and to enhance and promote the area’s social and economic • Ellie Dickson, WDCS; resources. email: • A compliance monitoring process has been put in place whereby ellie.dickson@wdcs.org relevant authorities who agree to be part of the process constantly • Joint Nature Conservation review and report on their actions; these authorities have formed Committee (JNCC); the Moray Firth Partnership and the Moray Firth cSAC web: www.jncc.gov.uk/ Management Group. ProtectedSites/SACs election/default.htm • Proposed under the EU Habitats and Species Directive as an SAC • Contact: Mark Simmonds, to protect the resident bottlenose dolphins, the only known population WDCS, living off England and Wales. email: • The bottlenose dolphin population is estimated to be 130 animals. mark.simmonds@wdcs.org; Bottlenose dolphins have been seen all round the Welsh coast, but web: www.wdcs.org mainly in Cardigan Bay where a small group, including calves, • For management plans, appears to be resident within the candidate SAC, as well as in the research papers, details of northern part of the bay. Part of this population also ranges around public meetings and southwest England. The Cardigan Bay dolphins appear to use the contacts, see: area for all essential activities including feeding and breeding. www.cardiganbaysac.org.uk • In late 1999, a management plan was prepared by a partnership of • Joint Nature Conservation statutory authorities and local people. In 2003, a management plan Committee (JNCC); review was undertaken. web: www.jncc.gov.uk/ • Currently, a number of proposed SACs are found along the ProtectedSites/ Cardigan Bay coast. WDCS researchers believe that the distribution of dolphins, as well as porpoises, throughout the bay means that at minimum these various coastal SACs could be linked and, even better, the entire bay should be made an SAC. SACselection/default.htm • Proposed under the EU Habitats and Species Directive as an SAC • Contact: Mark Simmonds, primarily to protect sandbanks, estuaries, coastal lagoons, reefs, WDCS, large shallow inlets and bays but bottlenose dolphins are a email: ‘qualifying feature’. mark.simmonds@wdcs.org; • This area forms part of the range of the Cardigan Bay resident web: www.wdcs.org bottlenose dolphin population which is estimated to number • Joint Nature Conservation 130 animals. Currently, a number of proposed SACs are found Committee (JNCC); along the Cardigan Bay coast. WDCS researchers believe that the web: www.jncc.gov.uk/ distribution of dolphins, as well as porpoises, throughout the bay ProtectedSites/ means that at minimum these various coastal SACs could be linked and, even better, the entire bay should be made an SAC. SACselection/default.htm
210 Marine Protected Areas for Whales, Dolphins and Porpoises Table 5.8 continued Name of MPA or sanctuary, location and size Cetacean and other notable species (48) Hebridean Marine National • minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata; white-beaked Park, proposed dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris; short-beaked • Inner Hebrides, northwest Scotland, common dolphin, Delphinus delphis; bottlenose dolphin, including the seas around Rum, Eigg, Tursiops truncatus; Risso’s dolphin, Grampus griseus; Muck, Coll and Tiree, as well as along harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena; occasional, orca, the coast of the northwest Highlands Orcinus orca from Mallaig to Crinan • size undetermined • also: basking sharks, golden eagle, white-tailed sea eagle [MPAs 49–50] (49) Atlantic Frontier MPA and World • common: harbor porpoise, Phocoena phocoena; Heritage Site, proposed white-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris; • located on Atlantic Frontier continental Altantic white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutus; shelf, northwest of Scotland minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata; occasional, • size undetermined long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas; short-beaked (50) St Kilda Archipelago SAC, common dolphin, Delphinus dephis; Risso’s dolphin, proposed Grampus griseus; sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus; • located around St Kilda, west of outer orca, Orcinus orca; bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus; Hebrides, Scotland sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis; fin whale, Balaenoptera • 98.3 mi 2 (254.7 km 2 ) includes land physalus; humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae; and marine waters northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus; Sowerby’s beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidens; at least three other species including blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus, are classifed ‘rare’ • also: harbor, gray and hooded seals; pelagic and continental-shelf fishes
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MARINE PROTECTED AREAS FOR WHALES,
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MARINE PROTECTED AREAS FOR WHALES,
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CONTENTS List of Figures vii List o
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LIST OF FIGURES I.1 The exclusive e
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List of Tables ix 5.16 Indonesian l
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First I must thank
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Acknowledgements xiii Charitable Tr
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List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
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PROLOGUE The publication of this ha
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Prologue xix stakeholders - local c
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INTRODUCTION There are three main d
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Introduction 3 or non-geographicall
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Introduction 5 and dolphins. At tha
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Introduction 7 This world map shows
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BOX I.3 THE PRECAUTIONARY APPROACH
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Introduction 11 do an important job
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Introduction 13 and Birkun, 2002; R
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Ocean Sanctuaries, Marine Reserves
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Table 1.6 International and regiona
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CITES - Convention on • Formulate
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2 WHY SPOTLIGHT WHALES, DOLPHINS AN
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Why Spotlight Whales, Dolphins and
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Table 2.3 Baleen whales. World dist
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Table 2.4 Toothed whales: sperm and
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Table 2.6 Toothed whales: ocean dol
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Table 2.7 Toothed whales: porpoises
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Why Spotlight Whales, Dolphins and
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Creating Better Marine Protected Ar
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B Scientific importance Does the pr
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4 STRATEGIES FOR PROTECTING CETACEA
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Strategies for Protecting Cetaceans
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5 HABITAT PROTECTION FOR CETACEANS
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Habitat Protection for Cetaceans ar
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Case Study 1: Ross Sea - time for n
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Case Study 4: Regno di Nettuno MPA
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Epilogue 449 Table E.1 Total sanctu
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Epilogue 451 4 That the long arm of
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REFERENCES Agardy, T (1997) Marine
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References 455 Bearzi, G (1995) The
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References 457 11th Biennial Confer
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References 459 Vol II, The Great Ba
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References 461 Forcada, J (1995) Ab
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References 463 Hoyt, E (1978) Frien
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References 465 CH Peterson, RS Sten
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References 467 Lauriano, G (1997b)
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References 469 Mercier, F and C Mon
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References 471 Notarbartolo di Scia
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References 473 Prideaux, M (2003a)
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References 475 Sanino, GP and JL Y
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References 477 Tregenza, NJC, SD Be
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Abaco National Park 220-1 Abrolhos
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Calayan Island Protected Area 336-7
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European Union Habitats and Species
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315-6, 342, 359-60, 381, 398, 400,
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Monte Bellos/Barrow Island Marine R
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Queensland 430-3 Race Rocks Candida
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Tierra del Fuego National Park and
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Blainville’s Beaked Whale Mesoplo
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Resident Atlantic spotted dolphins,
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Some 230 northern bottlenose whales
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